Current Status of Modification of Polyaniline and its Composites

基于国内外最近的研究文献及本课题组目前的研究工作,综述了聚苯胺的修饰方法及其复合材料的研究现状。聚苯胺的修饰是目前关于聚苯胺材料的研究热点之一,其主要方法有掺杂改性、取代改性和接枝共聚等,通过这些方法可以制备各种聚苯胺的复合材料,同时本文总结了聚苯胺复合材料的研究现状及其应用。     

含导电聚苯胺类锂离子电池复合材料的现状及发展趋势

导电聚苯胺(PANI)是近十年来研究最多的导电聚合物,具有比容量高、氧化还原可逆性好、电导率高、合成方法简单、成本低等特点,在化学电源和超级电容器中的应用最为广泛。导电聚苯胺复合材料的合成方法主要分为:原位复合法、共混法、自组装和电化学复合法等。导电聚苯胺复合材料可作为高能物质用于研发电极材料,但目前利用导电聚苯胺对锂离子电池三元正极材料进行修饰改性的研究较少。综述了导电聚苯胺及其复合材料的热电化学性能,重点对导电聚苯胺/锂离子电池复合正极材料的性能进行了阐述。最后对导电聚苯胺复合材料的应用和研究方向进行了总结,并简述了导电聚苯胺包覆改性LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2复合材料的应用和展望。     

含导电聚苯胺类锂离子电池复合材料的现状及发展趋势

导电聚苯胺（PANI）是近十年来研究最多的导电聚合物,具有比容量高、氧化还原可逆性好、电导率高、合成方法简单、成本低等特点,在化学电源和超级电容器中的应用最为广泛。导电聚苯胺复合材料的合成方法主要分为：原位复合法、共混法、自组装和电化学复合法等。导电聚苯胺复合材料可作为高能物质用于研发电极材料,但目前利用导电聚苯胺对锂离子电池三元正极材料进行修饰改性的研究较少。综述了导电聚苯胺及其复合材料的热电化学性能,重点对导电聚苯胺/锂离子电池复合正极材料的性能进行了阐述。最后对导电聚苯胺复合材料的应用和研究方向进行了总结,并简述了导电聚苯胺包覆改性LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂复合材料的应用和展望。     

导电聚苯胺的研究进展及应用开发前景

介绍了聚苯胺的制备、掺杂和导电机理,并结合目前可溶性聚苯胺及其复合改性的研究情况,着重介绍了聚苯胺的应用现状和发展趋势。     

石墨烯在聚合物复合材料中的应用研究进展

综述了石墨烯的合成和表征方法,以及提高聚合物与石墨烯相互作用的方法,强调了功能化修饰石墨烯的重要性及其与聚合物混合后形成的热固性复合材料的性能。石墨烯的研究方向主要包括基于石墨烯的纳米复合材料的制备及改性、具有特殊性能的石墨烯改性热固性聚合物复合材料等。分析了环氧基树脂/石墨烯复合材料的合成与性能,功能化修饰石墨烯的方法,以及石墨烯改性热固性聚合物复合材料中界面的作用及其对复合材料整体性能的影响。     

聚苯胺/金属氧化物复合材料的制备及其应用进展

聚苯胺是导电高分子化合物的一种,因其具有特殊的导电性、化学稳定性、原料易得和制备工艺简单等特点,近年来聚苯胺及其与金属氧化物复合材料的制备成为研究热点,特别是在超级电容器电极材料方面的应用,展现了良好的发展前景。本文综述了聚苯胺/金属氧化物复合材料的合成方法,并且对聚苯胺/金属氧化物复合材料的应用现状做了系统的概述。     

聚苯胺防腐涂料的研究现状及发展

综述了国内外聚苯胺在金属腐蚀防护领域的最新研究进展。介绍了聚苯胺涂层的防腐蚀机理,制备方法及其复合改性的情况。指出了聚苯胺研究中存在的问题,应用现状和对其发展前景的展望。     

石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其应用进展

本文主要综述了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法,并详细阐述了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料在超级电容器、传感器及其电磁屏蔽等方面的应用。最后对石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料目前的所存在的问题和发展方向进行了展望。     

聚苯胺复合材料应用研究进展

聚苯胺复合材料的应用研究受到了广泛关注,复合改性技术优化了聚苯胺的性能,提高了其实际应用价值。综述了聚苯胺复合材料在传感材料、涂料、电容器材料、抗静电材料和电磁屏蔽材料中的应用研究最新进展。     

紫外光亲水改性硅橡胶及其复合材料的研究进展

基于硅橡胶及其复合材料的抗污需求,以亲水改性硅橡胶为提高其抗污性能的技术手段,综述了亲水改性硅橡胶及其复合材料的制备方法。硅橡胶亲水改性方法主要分为表面改性和本体改性,其中表面改性分为表面物理改性和表面化学改性,本体改性分为本体物理改性和本体化学改性。阐述了紫外光改性机理,分类介绍了紫外光亲水改性硅橡胶及其复合材料的研究现状以及对材料抗污性能的影响,并提出了未来亲水改性硅橡胶的几个重点研究方向,为亲水改性硅橡胶及其复合材料的润湿性和抗污性能研究提供参考。     

导电聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展

文章对近两年国内外导电聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展分两部分进行综述,包括针对于其导电性和加工性的优化设计研究和导电聚苯胺在不同领域的新型应用研究。其优化改性分为无机参杂和高分子共混两种。其应用研究集中在制作导电织物、电磁屏蔽材料、新型金属防腐涂料和装饰电极等。     

导电聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展

对近两年国内外导电聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展分两部分进行综述,包括针对于其导电性和加工性的优化设计研究和导电聚苯胺在不同领域的新型应用研究。其优化改性分为无机掺杂和高分子共混两种。其应用研究集中在制作导电织物、电磁屏蔽材料、新型金属防腐涂料和装饰电极等。     

Polyaniline nanofibers: a unique polymer nanostructure for versatile applications

Known for more than 150 years, polyaniline is the oldest and potentially one of the most useful conducting polymers because of its facile synthesis, environmental stability, and simple acid/base doping/dedoping chemistry. Because a nanoform of this polymer could offer new properties or enhanced performance, nanostructured polyaniline has attracted a great deal of interest during the past few years. This Account summarizes our recent research on the syntheses, processing, properties, and applications of polyaniline nanofibers. By monitoring the nucleation behavior of polyaniline, we demonstrate that high-quality nanofibers can be readily produced in bulk quantity using the conventional chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. The polyaniline nanostructures formed using this simple method have led to a number of exciting discoveries. For example, we can readily prepare aqueous polyaniline colloids by purifying polyaniline nanofibers and controlling the pH. The colloids formed are self-stabilized via electrostatic repulsions without the need for any chemical modification or steric stabilizer, thus providing a simple and environmentally friendly way to process this polymer. An unusual nanoscale photothermal effect called "flash welding", which we discovered with polyaniline nanofibers, has led to the development of new techniques for making asymmetric polymer membranes and patterned nanofiber films and creating polymer-based nanocomposites. We also demonstrate the use of flash-welded polyaniline films for monolithic actuators. Taking advantage of the unique reduction/oxidation chemistry of polyaniline, we can decorate polyaniline nanofibers with metal nanoparticles through in situ reduction of selected metal salts. The resulting polyaniline/metal nanoparticle composites show promise for use in ultrafast nonvolatile memory devices and for chemical catalysis. In addition, the use of polyaniline nanofibers or their composites can significantly enhance the sensitivity, selectivity, and response time of polyaniline-based chemical sensors. By combining straightforward synthesis and composite formation with exceptional solution processability, we have developed a range of new useful functionalities. Further research on nanostructured conjugated polymers holds promise for even more exciting discoveries and intriguing applications.     

聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料制备方法研究进展

聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料具有良好的可加工性、成膜性、附着力、电学性能以及防腐蚀性能。本文回顾了国内外在聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)混合复合材料和聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)聚合复合材料等方面的研究工作, 介绍了各种聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料的制备方法、性能及应用, 并比较了这些制备方法的优缺点。分析结果表明:混合复合法工艺简单、易于控制、适用范围广;聚合复合法将聚苯胺和聚丙烯酸(酯)在分子水平上结合, 使聚苯胺和聚丙烯酸(酯)的优异性能得以综合发挥;而互穿网络聚合法通过网络互穿实现了两种差别较大的分子链的强制相溶。提出在分子水平上的复合是聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料研究的主要发展方向。     

聚苯胺及其复合材料研究现状

对聚苯胺的结构、合成及其机理、质子酸掺杂 ,聚苯胺的应用 ,以及聚苯胺复合材料的研究现状进行了综合阐述 ,并详细介绍了有关煤基聚苯胺的研究情况。煤基聚苯胺和纯聚苯胺相比 ,电导率下降不大 ,而且成本降低、热稳定性增强 ;同时 ,煤基聚苯胺也为煤的非能源利用提供了新途径和新机遇 ,具有一定的推广价值。     

Perfluorinated nanocomposite membranes modified by polyaniline: Electrotransport phenomena and morphology

This work summarizes results on the modification of perfluorinated sulfocationic membranes MF-4SC by in situ chemical polymerization of aniline. The investigation of transport properties of polyaniline/MF-4SC composite membranes after bulk modification - conductivity, diffusion and electroosmotic permeability, proton permselectivity - as well as porosimetry and polarization behavior is carried out as functions of aniline polymerization parameters and acid concentration. The fibrous-cluster model of a composite membrane is proposed for the estimation of transport and structural parameters, taking into account different mechanism of charge transfer in structural fragments of the composite. The atomic force microscopy images and curves of water distribution on the effective pore radii in the composite membranes testify to a morphological transition from the nano- to the microsize of polyaniline inclusions with increasing the aniline polymerization time. This effect is confirmed by the analysis of two-phase model transport and structural parameters. High values of the “true” proton transport numbers of composites are obtained and discussed. The dynamic hydration numbers of protons and chloride co-ions are estimated using the “true” transport numbers of protons and the electroosmotic coefficients of composites. The current-voltage curves of composite membranes in the “free standing” state after bulk and surface modification by polyaniline are investigated. The effect of stabilization of limiting current density is observed for MF-4SC membrane after bulk modification. The effect of current-voltage curves asymmetry is observed for different orientation of the polyaniline layer towards the current direction for an anisotropic composite membrane after surface modification.     

Preparation and characterization of novel conducting polyaniline–perlite composites

The development of composites displaying electrical conductivity has attracted significant research attention over the last decade due to the possibility of new applications. For the first time, we describe the preparation of composites in which perlite particles have been combined with the well‐known conducting polyaniline (PAni). Such composites have been prepared by the in situ deposition of a thin coating of chemically synthesized polyaniline onto perlite particles (diameter <250 µm). These composite materials have been characterized by FT‐IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and four‐point probe conductivity measurements. In addition, the effects of reaction time, perlite particle size and type of protonic acid medium on the conductivities of the composites have been investigated. Their conductivities were also compared to those of mechanical blends of polyaniline and perlite. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

高电活性石墨烯/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备和表征

采用了一种简单有效地方法制备了高电活性的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料。首先,将苯胺在氧化石墨烯（GO）的水性分散液中氧化聚合,制备了氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺（GO/PANI）,再将GO/PANI与水合肼反应,制得还原-氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺（R（GO/PANI））。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）,热失重分析（TGA）和循环伏安法（CV）对GO/PANI和R（GO/PANI的形貌,热稳定性和电化学性能进行了分析研究。结果表明,GO表面存PANI,且R（GO/PANI）的热稳定性和电活性都明显高于GO/PANI。     

苯并噁嗪树脂基复合材料研究进展

介绍了苯并噁嗪(BZ)树脂基复合材料的研究进展,包括无机颗粒材料改性[如MMT(蒙脱土)改性、不完全POSS(笼型倍半硅氧烷)改性、碳纳米材料改性和蛭石改性等]、纤维材料改性(如玻璃纤维改性、碳纤维改性和其他纤维改性等)以及橡胶改性;综述了改性BZ树脂基复合材料的改性机制。最后,对改性BZ树脂基复合材料的研究方向进行了展望。