PS-g-MAH的制备及其增容PS阻燃复合材料的研究

以聚苯乙烯(PS)为载体,马来酸酐(MAH)为接枝单体,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,采用熔融接枝法制备了聚苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐共聚物(PS-g-MAH)。考察了MAH用量、DCP用量对PS-g-MAH接枝率的影响。经红外光谱(IR)表征,接枝物为目标产物。将接枝率为3.7%的PS-g-MAH作为PS/膨胀阻燃剂/热塑性弹性体复合材料的增容剂,探讨了增容剂对该复合材料阻燃、力学和加工性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明,当增容剂用量为12份时,冲击强度达到4.89 kJ/m2,比未增容时提高了87.4%,拉伸强度仍可保持在21.3 MPa。在力学性能得到改善的同时,复合材料的垂直燃烧可达到FV-0级,氧指数由27.1%提高到了27.9%,熔体质量流动速率为4.62g/10min。     

纳米尼龙/聚苯乙烯/马来酸酐复合材料性能的研究

通过马来酸酐(MAH)对聚苯乙烯(PS)接枝改性制得聚苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐共聚物(PS-g-MAH),然后将PS-g-MAH与纳米尼龙(NYC)按不同比例共混,制得纳米尼龙/聚苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐复合材料(NYC/PS-g-MAH),对其结构、力学性能及阻燃性能进行了表征分析。结果表明:NYC/PS-g-MAH复合材料的力学强度和阻燃性能有所提升,其抗冲击强度最大可达到6.0×102kJ/m2,拉强度最大可达到72.5 MPa,氧指数可以达到23%。     

弹性体对废旧PS/废旧ABS/HDPE/木粉复合材料性能影响

探讨了苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物热塑性弹性体(SBS)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、丁苯橡胶(SBR)3种弹性体对废旧聚苯乙烯(PS)/废旧丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/木粉复合材料物理及力学性能影响.结果表明,3种弹性体不但不会导致废旧PS/废旧ABS/HDPE/木粉复合材料密度的增加,而且有利于降低复合材料的吸水率,改善复合材料的冲击韧性;添加SBS的废旧PS/废旧ABS/HDPE/木粉复合材料综合性能最优,密度为0.90 g/cm3,冷、热水中的吸水率分别降至0.87％,1.32％,冲击强度增至3.1 kJ/m2.     

顺酐化聚苯乙烯对PVC/SEBS共混物的增容作用

以顺酐化聚苯乙烯(PS-g-MAH)为增容剂,研究了苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的共混增韧改性,讨论了该共混物在常温、低温下的力学性能及动态力学性能。结果表明,PS-g-MAH能明显改善SEBS与PVC的相容性,使PVC/SEBS共混物中分散相颗粒尺寸明显减小,分布更均匀,共混物的玻璃化转变温度内移,常温和低温下缺口冲击强度增大。当PVC/PS-g-MAH/SEBS(质量比)为75/6/25时,共混物的常温缺口冲击强度为50.6 kJ/m2,低温(-20℃)缺口冲击强度为29.8 kJ/m2。     

PS/弹性体/Nano-TiO_2复合材料形态及力学性能

采用熔融共混法制备PS/弹性体/nano-TiO2复合材料,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察材料刻蚀断面和冲击断面的形貌,电子万能拉伸试验机及组合冲击试验机分别表征材料的拉伸和冲击性能,研究对比PS/SEBS/nanoTiO2和PS/SEBS-g-MAH/nano-TiO2复合材料的形态及力学性能。结果表明:PS/SEBS/nano-TiO2复合材料刻蚀断面的分散相SEBS粒径在0.6~1.4μm之间,而PS/SEBS-g-MAH/nano-TiO2复合材料分散相SEBS-g-MAH粒径显著减小,在0.5μm以下。与PS/SEBS/nano-TiO2复合材料相比,PS/SEBS-g-MAH/nano-TiO2复合材料的拉伸强度降低幅度减弱,在弹性体质量分数为16%时缺口冲击强度提高20%。复合材料冲击断面显示SEBS-g-MAH粒子比SEBS粒子更细微、更均匀地分散在PS基体中。     

热塑性弹性体改性聚苯乙烯复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

选用热塑性弹性体苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)作为聚苯乙烯(PS)改性剂,制备PS/SBS共混复合材料,对其拉伸性能、弯曲性能、冲击性能、熔体流动速率、热稳定性及耐热性能进行测试,并对断面形貌进行表征。结果表明:SBS与PS具有很好的相容性。SBS添加量从0增加至20%,PS/SBS复合材料的冲击强度、熔体流动速率、峰值温度、维卡软化温度分别从13.08 kJ/m2、9.0 g/10min、403℃、84℃增加至51 kJ/m2、11.9 g/10min、420℃、89.3℃。SBS的添加有效提高复合材料的韧性及热学性能,但降低复合材料的拉伸性能。当PS/SBS质量比为92∶8,改性PS复合材料的拉伸性能与纯PS相比减弱幅度较小,且PS/SBS的冲击强度、熔体流动性、热稳定性、耐热性、相容性均显著提高,复合材料性能最佳。     

聚苯乙烯/纳米TiO2/SEBS三元复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚苯乙烯/纳米二氧化钛/氢化苯乙烯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物（PS/纳米TiO2/SEBS）三元复合材料。研究了SEBS和纳米TiO2用量对复合材料力学性能、扭矩以及热性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料冲击断面的微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明,PS/纳米TiO2/SEBS复合材料的冲击强度随SEBS含量的增加逐渐增大,拉伸强度随SEBS含量的增加逐渐减小。当PS与纳米TiO2的质量比为97/3、SEBS的用量为8份(质量份,下同)时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳,其冲击强度为5.626 kJ/m2,拉伸强度为25.623 MPa;加入纳米TiO2和SEBS都使复合材料的热性能得到了提高;复合材料的最大扭矩与PS相比下降了17 N·m,平衡扭矩均为7 N·m;SEBS以颗粒状镶嵌到基质中,断口形貌为典型的韧性断裂。     

新型无卤阻燃增韧高抗冲聚苯乙烯的制备

研究了新型无卤阻燃增韧高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)的制备方法,并考察了阻燃剂配方及用量对HIPS阻燃性能的影响;同时,对HIPS进行增韧改性,探讨在最佳阻燃剂配方中添加增韧剂——聚氨酯与热塑性弹性体混合物(PU/SEBS)对HIPS阻燃及抗冲击性能的影响。结果表明:三聚氰胺尿酸盐与白度化红磷阻燃剂体系具有很好的协效阻燃作用;添加PU/SEBS可以显著提高HIPS的悬臂梁缺口冲击强度,当PU/SEBS,HIPS,阻燃剂,磷酸三苯酯助剂,硼酸锌质量比为15∶45∶30∶7∶3时,制备的无卤阻燃增韧HIPS复合材料具有优异的阻燃性能,而且可保持较高的冲击强度。     

低温超韧聚苯乙烯的配方研究

以高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)为基体树脂,采用双螺杆挤出机研究了不同抗冲击改性剂类苯乙烯弹性体、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)高胶粉、聚烯烃弹性体(POE)、丁苯弹性体、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯弹性体(SBS)和苯乙烯-乙烯／丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SEBS)对HIPS的增韧效果。结果表明,SBS和SEBS对HIPS具有最好的增韧效果,当SBS含量达到40.0份时,能使HIPS体系的常温简支梁缺口冲击强度达到42.1kJ／m~2,-40℃低温冲击强度可达25.3kJ／m~2,具有优异的低温韧性和优良的综合性能。     

压力诱导流动成型聚苯乙烯的研究

以热塑性弹性体SBS作为增容剂,对SBS/聚苯乙烯(PS)的共混物进行压力诱导流动成型,研究了压力诱导流动成型后聚苯乙烯的微观结构和力学性能.结果表明,压力诱导流动成型使聚苯乙烯形成微观层状结构,该结构可以大幅度提高聚苯乙烯的力学性能,缺口冲击强度由8 kJ/m2提高到压力诱导流动成型后的30 kJ/m2,同时共混物的拉伸强度也有提高.     

阻燃ABS的增韧研究

分别以苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SBS)、乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为增韧剂,研究了它们对阻燃丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:以SBS为增韧剂所得复合材料的综合性能优于以POE或EPDM为增韧剂所得复合材料;随SBS用量的增大,复合材料的冲击强度提高,当SBS用量为15%时,其冲击强度达到15.91kJ/m2,较未经增韧改性复合材料的冲击强度提高了9.99kJ/m2;并且SBS的加入不会对复合材料的阻燃性能产生不利影响。     

Preparation of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH and its effect on mechanical properties of HDPE/wood flour composites

In this article, high density polyethylene/styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene block copolymer blends (HDPE/SEBS) grafted by maleic anhydride (HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), which is an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/wood flour composites was prepared by means of torque rheometer with different contents of maleic anhydride (MAH). The experimental results indicated that MAH indeed grafted on HDPE/SEBS by FTIR analysis and the torque increased with increasing the content of maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Styrene may increase the graft reaction rate of MAH and HDPE/SEBS. When HDPE/SEBS MAH was added to HDPE/wood flour composites, tensile strength and flexural strength of composites can reach 25.9 and 34.8 MPa in comparison of 16.5 and 23.8 MPa (without HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), increasing by 157 and 146%, respectively. Due to incorporation of thermoplastic elastomer in HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH, the Notched Izod impact strength reached 5.08 kJ m^?2, increasing by 145% in comparison of system without compatibilizer. That HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH improved the compatibility was also conformed by dynamic mechanical measurement. Scanning electron micrographs provided evidence for strong adhesion between wood flour and HDPE matrix with addition of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Improvement of the mechanical properties of an HDPE/PS blend by compatibilization and incorporation of CaCO3

Generally, recycled polymer blends exhibit solid dispersion‐like morphology with poor mechanical properties. The aim of this work was to enhance the mechanical properties of a HDPE/PS (75/25) blend, in particular the stiffness and the impact strength. In order to improve the stiffness, CaCO₃ filler was incorporated. It was shown that PS and CaCO₃ were separately dispersed with poor adhesion to the HDPE matrix. The incorporation of CaCO₃ significantly enhanced the stiffness but lowers the impact resistance. Elastomer copolymers were incorporated in order to compensate for the embrittlement caused by the CaCO₃ filler. Depending on their chemical structure, either grafted with a reactive function or ungrafted, the elastomers acted differently at the interfaces of the HDPE/PS/CaCO₃ system. SEBS acts exclusively at the HDPE‐PS interface whereas SEBSgMA acts at both the HDPE‐PS and the HDPE‐CaCO₃ interface. The SEBSgMA elastomer lowered the stiffening effect caused by CaCO₃ and provided an insufficient increase in impact properties. One the other hand, SEBS, which concentrates its action at the HDPE‐PS interface, retained much of the stiffening effect of CaCO₃ and provided a greater improvement in impact properties than SEBSgMA. In the recycled HDPE/PS (75/25) blend, the incorporation of 20 vol% CaCO₃ and 4 vol% SEBS led to an increase in both impact strength (from 39 to 70 kJ/m²) and in stiffness (from 1335 to 1560 MPa). So, encouraging results were obtained, enabling us to predict a promising future for this approach to the recycling of commingled plastics.     

Toughening of recycled polystyrene used for TV backset

The recycled polystyrene (rPS) was toughened with ethylene‐octylene copolymer thermoplastic elastomer (POE) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) with various melt flow index (MFI), compatibilized by styrene‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (SBS) to enhance the toughness of rPS for use as TV backset. The rPS/POE binary blends exhibited an increased impact strength with 5–10 wt % POE content followed by a decrease with the POE content up to 20 wt %, which could be due to poor compatibility between POE and rPS. For rPS/POE/SBS ternary blends with 20 wt % of POE content, the impact strength increased dramatically and a sharp brittle‐ductile transition was observed as the SBS content was around 3–5 wt %. Rheological study indicated a possible formation of network structure by adding of SBS, which could be a new mechanism for rPS toughening. In rPS/POE/HDPE/SBS (70/20/5/5) quaternary blends, a fibril‐like structure was observed as the molecular weight of HDPE was higher (with lower MFI). The presence of HDPE fibers in the blends could not enhance the network structure, but could stop the crack propagation during fracture process, resulting in a further increase of the toughness. The prepared quaternary blend showed an impact strength of 9.3 kJ/m² and a tensile strength of 25 MPa, which can be well used for TV backset to substitute HIPS because this system is economical and environmental friendly. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

无卤阻燃增强PP/水镁石复合管材的研制

用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯/水镁石复合材料,研究了各组分及配比对复合材料性能的影响,并制备了管材。结果表明:水镁石用量为60%时,复合材料的氧指数才能达到28%以上,但冲击强度下降了近一半,拉伸强度下降了近2/3。氯化聚乙烯对聚丙烯/水镁石体系有明显的协同阻燃作用,加入5份氯化聚乙烯,其氧指数提高了2%以上,且其综合力学性能有一定提高。体系中加入β成核剂后生成了部分β晶,可提高复合材料的韧性,且对其他性能影响不大。所制备的聚丙烯/水镁石复合管材的氧指数为31.6%,维卡软化温度94.7℃,缺口冲击强度18.6kJ/m2,弯曲模量3.1GPa,弯曲强度32.3MPa,有望用作埋地高压电力电缆套管。     

阻燃HIPS的增韧研究

分别以SBS和POE为增韧剂,研究了它们对阻燃HIPS物理机械性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,以SBS为增韧剂所得复合材料的综合性能优于以POE为增韧剂所得复合材料的综合性能;复合材料的冲击强度随SBS用量的增大而增大,当SBS用量为12％时,其冲击强度达到8kJ／m^2左右,较未经增韧改性复合材料的冲击强度增加了6kJ／m^2左右,并且SBS的加入不会对复合材料的阻燃性能产生不利影响。     

Impact and tensile properties of SEBS copolymer compatibilized PS/HDPE blends

In this study, polystyrene–hydrogenated polybutadiene–polystyrene (SEBS) triblock copolymer was used as a compatibilizer for the blends of polystyrene (PS) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The morphology and static mechanical and impact properties of the blends were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, uniaxial tension, and instrumented falling-weight impact measurements. Tensile tests showed that the yield strength of the PS/HDPE/SEBS blends decreases considerably with increasing HDPE content. However, the elongation at break of the blends tended to increase significantly with increasing HDPE content. The excellent tensile ductility of the HDPE-rich blends resulted from shield yielding of the matrix. Charpy impact measurements indicated that the impact strength of the blends increases slowly with HDPE content up to 50 wt %; thereafter, it increases sharply with increasing HDPE content. The impact energy of the HDPE-rich blends exceeded that of pure HDPE, implying that the HDPE polymer can be further toughened by the incorporation of brittle PS minor phase in the presence of SEBS compatibilizer. The correlation between the impact property and morphology of the blends is discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1099–1108, 1998     

废报纸粉填充聚丙烯材料的研究

本文介绍废报纸粉填充聚丙烯（ＰＰ）的研制。通过在体系中加入高分子偶联剂马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝ＰＰ（ＭＡＰＰ）来改善纸粉与ＰＰ基体的相容性，并针对纸粉填充后材料变脆的问题，用乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）和乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）对材料进行增韧，均取得显著的效果。所制材料的纸粉填充量（质量分数）可高达５０％～６０％，价廉、质轻、其主要性能好于桑塔纳轿车用木粉填充ＰＰ板，可望有较好的应用前景。当纸粉填充量（质量分数）为４０％～５０％时，主要性能：弯曲强度６９．０１～７４．８３ＭＰａ，杨氏弯曲模量２６４０～２９９６ＭＰａ，冲击强度１３．２５～１３．５０ｋＪ／ｍ２。