2024与2124铝合金电偶腐蚀行为的对比研究

将2024和2124铝合金与电位较正的钛合金（TC4）联接加速腐蚀,通过测试电偶腐蚀电流的分布曲线对比研究将铝合金经阳极化处理后的电偶腐蚀敏感性。采用表面形貌观察分析2×××系列铝合金的电偶腐蚀行为。结果表明,纯化可以减小材料的腐蚀电流密度和腐蚀电位,但效果不太明显,而阳极氧化处理可以明显降低其腐蚀敏感性,是防护电偶腐蚀的重要措施之一。     

7150铝合金剥蚀行为及腐蚀机理研究

研究了T6、T73及RRA处理(175℃同归)7150铝合金在EXCO溶液中的剥落腐蚀行为、n相与铝基体的电化学偶合行为及其相应的腐蚀机理.结果表明,7150-T6铝合金中n相在晶界连续分布,存在一个由晶界阳极性的n相与其边缘铝合金基体组成的腐蚀电偶而形成的腐蚀活性通道,导致7150-T6铝合金具有最大的品问腐蚀敏感性及剥蚀敏感性;而T73及RRA处理导致7150铝合金晶界n相聚集而分布不连续,因而其晶间腐蚀及剥蚀敏感性大幅度降低.7150-RRA(175℃同归3小时)铝合金耐蚀性与7150一r173接近;7150铝合金中n自腐蚀电位负于铝基体电位,其自腐蚀电流大于铝基体自腐蚀电流,在7150铝合金腐蚀过程中作为阳极而发生阳极溶解.     

碳纤维复合材料与铝合金电偶腐蚀行为研究

采用全浸腐蚀、腐蚀失重测量、电偶电位和电偶腐蚀电流等试验研究方法．将T300／5222、T300／5405和T300／QY8911三种碳纤维复合材料与LY12CZ、71304和2D70三种铝合金相互偶接，研究由于电偶腐蚀的存在，对铝合金及复合材料腐蚀行为的影响，用SEM方法观察其腐蚀形貌．结果表明，碳纤维复合材料与铝合金的电偶腐蚀作用，促进了铝合金表面点蚀的形成与扩展，电偶作用使铝合金腐蚀的溶解速率明显加快，而与铝合金偶接的复合材料表面形貌基本无变化，复合材料与铝合金之间电偶腐蚀电流较大，二者之间电偶腐蚀十分严重．     

Ti8LC钛合金与主要结构材料的电偶腐蚀及防护研究

通过测定表面防护处理前后,Ti8LC钛合金、7710铝合金、ZL59铝合金、30CrMnSiA高强钢的电极电位,以及Ti8LC钛合金与其余3种材料组成偶对后的电偶腐蚀电流-时间曲线,研究了表面防护处理前后3种偶对的电偶腐蚀行为,并评估了电偶腐蚀敏感性.研究结果表明:Ti8LC与7710铝合金、ZL59铝合金、30CrMnSiA钢偶接时,会产生严重的电偶腐蚀,必须进行表面防护处理才能使用;采用涂层前处理+有机涂层防护的方法,可有效阻止Ti8LC钛合金与铝合金和高强钢的电偶腐蚀.     

DU-2A12铝合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为

利用电化学腐蚀技术对贫铀(DU)-2A12铝合金电偶腐蚀行为进行了研究。结果表明,在3.5%NaCl溶液中,DU和2A12铝合金的腐蚀过程是逐渐变化的,2A12铝合金的抗腐蚀性能较DU更好。在DU-2A12铝合金电偶对中,DU具有相对较低的电位而作为电偶腐蚀的阳极,在偶合的前24 h,二者的腐蚀电位差较大,电偶腐蚀驱动力大,电偶电流密度平均约6μA·cm-2,DU被加速腐蚀;24 h后,DU与2A12铝合金的腐蚀电位相近,电偶腐蚀驱动力减小,电偶电流密度平均约5.5μA·cm-2,与DU单独腐蚀时对应时间的腐蚀电流接近,电偶腐蚀作用不明显。DU和2A12铝合金组成的电偶对在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀电位为–780~–805 mV,二者可长期偶合。     

模拟海洋环境下7B04铝合金电偶腐蚀预测及验证

基于腐蚀电化学原理和有限元方法,建立7B04铝合金分别与CFRP、TA15钛合金、30CrMnSiA钢在模拟海洋环境下耦合时的电偶腐蚀模型,仿真得到电极表面的电偶电位和电偶电流密度分布等;实测电偶腐蚀电流并对模型的预测结果进行验证。结果表明:自腐蚀电位由高到低可依次排列为E_CFRP > E_TA15 > E_30CrMnSiA > E_7B04,耦合后7B04铝合金作为阳极而加速腐蚀;不同电偶体系的电偶电位相差不大,而电偶电流变化明显;阴/阳极面积比相同时,7B04铝合金与CFRP耦合时的电偶电流最大,即电偶效应最强,与TA15钛合金耦合时的电偶电流次之,与30CrMnSiA钢耦合时的电偶电流最弱;阴/阳极间的电偶电位和电偶电流随阴/阳极面积比的增加而线性增加;计算结果与预测结果相对误差基本在±5%以内,表明电解液中的双电极电偶腐蚀模型有较高的预测准确度。     

WC_p/2024Al基复合材料的腐蚀机理

采用动电位阳极极化法对体积分数为11.4%WCp/2024Al基复合材料及其基体合金在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明,由于WC颗粒的加入,提高了WCp/2024Al基复合材料的腐蚀速度。通过对恒电位极化后试样观察发现,WCp/2024Al基复合材料腐蚀机理为富Cu相作为阴极区与其周围的贫Cu区作为阳极区构成电偶腐蚀以及WC颗粒与基体间的协同腐蚀作用。这种双重的电偶腐蚀致使复合材料腐蚀速度加快。     

ZL115铸铝合金和C41500海军黄铜电偶腐蚀的边界元仿真研究

通过电化学实验测得ZL115铸铝合金和C41500海军黄铜的极化曲线。基于边界元法,以极化数据作为边界条件,建立了铝合金表面涂层损伤后与黄铜接触时的电偶腐蚀模型并进行仿真。结果表明:铸铝合金活性随电解液浓度的升高而增加,耐蚀性降低;相同条件下,黄铜变化微弱。电解液浓度和液膜厚度的增加均会加剧电偶腐蚀,相较而言,液膜厚度的影响更为强烈;阴阳极面积比的增加会明显增大电偶腐蚀中阳极处的局部腐蚀电流,即加剧阳极损耗;阴阳极间距的增加会在一定程度上削弱电偶腐蚀,但这种削弱效果十分有限。     

两栖车辆7A52-38CrSi扰动电偶腐蚀研究

设计了7A52-38CrSi人造海水扰动电偶腐蚀试验,研究了水流速度对电偶电流、腐蚀电压的影响,结果表明:当腐蚀介质流速一定时,7A52-38CrSi电偶腐蚀电位差随时间的延长呈减小趋势,腐蚀电流也逐渐减小.2.5m/s的相对流速是7A52-38CrSi电偶对腐蚀速率变化的关键点.SEM和能谱分析方法分析表明,在腐蚀介质扰动条件下,7A52铝合金表面钝化变弱、极化现象受到抑制是电腐蚀加速的主要原因.     

复合材料对铝合金接触腐蚀的影响

研究了碳纤维环氧复合材料与铝合金接触腐蚀特性。指出了碳纤维环氧复合材料与铝合金之间存在的电位差和电偶腐蚀电流是引起材料的接触腐蚀和影响铝合金机械性能的原因。也提出了防止碳纤维环氧复合材料与铝合金之间产生接触腐蚀的防护措施。     

Characterising localised corrosion inhibition by means of parameters measured by an electrochemically integrated multielectrode array

Electrochemical parameters including maximum anodic current density, total anodic current density, the number of anodic sites and the localised corrosion intensity index have been extracted from galvanic current distribution maps that were acquired using an electrochemically integrated multielectrode array, namely, the wire beam electrode. Experiments have been carried out to demonstrate the application of these new electrochemical parameters for characterising localised corrosion inhibition of metals. A typical corrosion inhibitor, potassium dichromate, was found to affect localised corrosion processes in various ways, for instance in sodium chloride solutions, it was found to inhibit localised corrosion of aluminium alloy AA 2024-T3 by suppressing galvanic corrosion activities occurring over the alloy surface, whereas it was found to control localised corrosion of AA 1100 by creating a large number of minor anodes distributing randomly over the metal surface.     

镁合金在大气环境中电偶腐蚀行为及规律的研究

在北京大气环境下，研究AM60镁合金和不同金属材料（碳钢、不锈钢、黄铜和铝合金）偶接的电偶腐蚀行为规律。研究表明，镁合金作为阳极发生不同程度的电偶腐蚀，通过1a的北京大气环境下的暴露试验后，AM60镁合金的电偶腐蚀效应由强到弱的顺序为：碳钢、黄铜、不锈钢和铝合金，其中镁合金与LY12铝合金偶接的电偶腐蚀效应最小。通过与其它地区室外暴晒的镁合金电偶腐蚀效应的对比，表明环境因素影响着镁合金的电偶腐蚀效应。同时阴极材料、试验时间、试样尺寸（偶接面积）和试验环境都会对镁合金电偶腐蚀效应产生影响。经1a曝晒的AM60镁合金形成了具有保护性的腐蚀产物层阻碍了腐蚀发展。北京地区高自然降尘量导致金属表面湿润时间加大，从而加速了AM60镁合金的电偶腐蚀。采用XRD方法分析表面的腐蚀产物，用金相显微镜和扫描电镜（SEM）观察试样腐蚀后的表面形貌特征和腐蚀产物的结构，并用与之相连的能谱仪分析腐蚀产物中的元素组成。     

胞外聚合物对飞机油箱2024铝合金腐蚀行为影响

目的 探究飞机油箱内有积水存在的环境中硫酸盐还原菌分泌的胞外聚合物（EPS）对飞机油箱2024铝合金腐蚀行为的影响,为飞机油箱中微生物腐蚀与防护提供理论依据。方法 针对航煤中微生物滋生导致飞机油箱材料2024铝合金腐蚀失效的问题,通过傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）分析EPS的组成,并利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-MS）分析金属离子含量,采用表面分析法和电化学法研究了硫酸盐还原菌EPS在模拟飞机油箱积水环境中诱导飞机油箱2024铝合金的腐蚀行为。结果 与无EPS添加的介质条件相比,在相同的试验条件下,EPS导致航煤积水模拟溶液中的2024铝合金腐蚀电流密度减小,腐蚀产物膜呈疏松多孔的形貌,腐蚀形貌以点蚀为主。试验结束时,2024铝合金在EPS质量浓度为200 mg/L的模拟溶液中腐蚀速率大致为无EPS添加的模拟溶液中的1/10。当溶液中EPS质量浓度为100 mg/L和200 mg/L时,尽管EPS与Al3+络合产生的EPS-金属络合物会促进2024铝合金试样阳极溶解速度,但起主要影响的是抑制溶解氧扩散减缓阴极吸氧反应,抑制腐蚀的效果与EPS浓度仍成正比。结论 航煤积水模拟溶液中...     

0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金和钛台金接触腐蚀与防护研究

通过测定0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金（LY12）和钛合金（TC4）组成的电偶对的电偶电流的方法,研究了0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢在使用中与铝合金和钛合金接触时发生电偶腐蚀的敏感性。研究结果表明:0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金接触时会产生严重的电偶腐蚀,必须进行防护处理方可使用;与钛合金接触时产生的电偶腐蚀很轻微,可以不进行防护。0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢表面进行镀镉钛防护后,与铝合金接触时的电偶电流密度大为减小,相差近10倍;采用环氧锌黄底漆、XM-33-4双组分密封胶防护可以有效地防止0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢与铝合金和钛合金接触产生的电偶腐蚀。     

5383铝合金与907钢和铝青铜早期电偶腐蚀的平面分布

通过电偶电流测试和腐蚀形貌观察等方法,研究了5383铝合金分别与907钢和铝青铜组成的两种电偶体系的早期电偶腐蚀平面分布。研究结果发现,两种电偶对中5383铝合金为阳极,907钢和铝青铜则始终为阴极受到保护;5383铝合金的腐蚀形貌有亚稳点蚀、不规则点蚀和类丝状腐蚀;电偶电流随时间变化规律相似,即腐蚀初期电流迅速降低,之后趋于稳定;与偶接点的距离增大,电偶电流降低,且远端的电流分布较为均匀;5383铝合金与907钢偶接时比与铝青铜偶接时大部分区域电流密度更小,但电偶腐蚀更加集中于2 mm内的区域。     

表面处理对TC2钛合金电偶腐蚀的影响

针对航空Ti合金与不同表面处理状态下Al合金、高强 钢之间的偶合，研究了在35%NaCl溶液中，阳极、镀铜、镀镉、磷化等处理方法对异接金属腐蚀的影响作用；采用电偶实验方法研究了上述表面处理方法对电偶电流大小，及电偶电流随时间变化规律的影响；结合扫描电镜、能谱分析，探讨了腐蚀的形式及腐蚀原因.     

A study of the corrosion of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 under thin electrolyte layers

The corrosion of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 (AA2024-T3) under thin electrolyte layers was studied in 3.0 wt% sodium chloride solutions by cathodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The cathodic polarization measurements show that, when the electrolyte layer is thicker than 200 μm, the oxygen reduction current is close to that of the bulk solution. But in the range of 200-100 μm, the oxygen reduction current is inversely proportional to the layer thickness, which shows that the oxygen diffusion through the electrolyte layer is the rate-determining step for the oxygen reduction process. In the range of 100 μm to about 58 μm, the oxygen reduction current is slightly decreased probably due to the formation of aluminum hydroxide or the change of the diffusion pattern from 2-dimensional diffusion to one-dimensional diffusion. The further decrease in electrolyte layer thickness increase the oxygen reduction current to some extent again, because the diffusion of oxygen plays more important role in thin electrolyte layers.The EIS measurements show that the corrosion is controlled by the cathodic oxygen reduction at the initial stage, showing the largest corrosion rate at the electrolyte layer thickness of 105 μm. But at the later stage of corrosion, the anodic process begin to affect the corrosion rates and the corrosion rates show a maximum at 170 μm, which may be the thickness where the corrosion changes from cathodic control to anodic control. The corrosion rate under the very thin electrolyte layer (62 μm in this study) is even smaller than that in bulk solution, this is due to that the anodic process is strongly inhibited.     

Preparation and performance of fluorescent sensing coating for monitoring corrosion of Al alloy 2024

A kind of fluorescent sensing coating was prepared for monitoring corrosion of aluminum alloys by incorporating phenylfluorone（PF） into acrylic paint as sensing material. The fluorescent dye PF reacts with aluminum ions on corroded aluminum substrate to occur fluorescence quenching observed in UV light. This paint system is sensitive tO underlying corrosion processes through reacting with the Al^3＋ produced by anodic reaction accompanying corrosion. After a certain time, when the samples of Al alloy 2024 coated with PF-acrylic paint were immersed in 1 mol/L NaCl solution, fluorescence quenching spots can be seen with unaided eyes. With the development of corrosion process, the size of fluorescence quenching spots increases. Active corrosion areas on the sample surface were found under the fluorescence quenching spots by optical microscope. The corrosion areas can be observed more clearly by SEM, and many pits are found. This suggests that the fluorescence quenching spots are the sites of produced Al^3＋ by the anodic reaction of the local attack of the coated Al alloy substrate in the chloride solution and the corrosion process of the coated AI alloy can be monitored on-line by the sensing coating. The sensitivity of this coating system for detection of anodic reaction associated with corrosion was determined by applying constant charge current and measuring the charge, at which fluorescence quenching is detected in the coating with unaided eyes. Visual observation of coated samples can detect fluorescence change resulting from a charge corresponding to an equivalent hemispherical pit with approximate depth of 50 μn.