半导体工业废水、废气中砷、磷、硫、氟、氯及氮氧化物和重金属的综合治理

本文介绍了在半导体工业废水、废气中砷、磷、硫、氟、氯及氮氧化物、重金属及各种酸的综合治理方法、工艺流程和设备,用中和絮凝沉降一体化装置,利用共生沉淀的原理处理废水.用椭圆型喷淋吸收塔,氧化剂、碱吸收治理半导体工业废气中砷、磷、硫、氟、氯、氮氧化物及各种酸.经环保部门检测均达到国家排放标准.     

浅谈集成电路的废气处理

集成电路的工业废气有含氟化物、硫酸雾的酸性废气,含氨的碱性废气,含异丙醇、光刻胶的有机废气,含SiO_2的含尘废气,以及含硅烷、磷烷的工艺尾气等,这些工业废气中大部分成分是有毒有害的,必须进行有效的处理才能排入大气中。主要讨论上述工业废气的分类、处理方式、应用范围及应用实例等。     

废气焚烧炉的改造

废气焚烧炉是处理覆铜板、层压板生产过程中产生的有机废气的专用设备。当前国内大多数覆铜板、层压板厂使用的是能耗比较高的"直燃式"废气焚烧炉。在能源紧缺、油料价格不断飚升的今天,通过对"直燃式"废气焚烧炉进行改造,来降低油料消耗及生产成本,这是非常必要的,也只完全可以做到的。     

结构简单的蓄热一体式废气焚烧炉

当前绝缘材料行业和CCL行业所使用的废气焚烧炉有所谓的直燃式废气焚烧炉(称TO)和蓄热式废气焚烧炉(称RTO)。蓄热式废气焚烧炉的蜂窝陶瓷能够将燃烧机的热量储存起来,当蜂窝陶瓷的温度超过有机废气的着火点时,即使燃烧机不点火,织热的蜂窝陶瓷也能把有机废气点燃,所以蓄热式废气焚烧炉很节能。结构简单的蓄热式废气焚烧炉具有:能耗低、安全性好、应用范围更加广泛、制造成本低等优点,是一种很有发展前景的废气焚烧炉。     

环保、节能的废气焚烧炉

废气焚烧炉是处理覆铜板、层压板生产过程中产生的有机废气会污染环境、危害人类的身体健康，因此在覆铜板、层压板生产过程中必须用废气焚烧炉来处理生产过程中产生的有机废气。当前国内大多数覆铜板、层压板厂使用的是能耗比较高的“直燃式”废气焚烧炉。在能源紧缺、油料价格不断飚升的今天，对“直燃式”废气焚烧炉进行改造，以降低油料消耗，降低生产成本．是非常必要的、也完全可以做到的。     

焚烧炉的设计与改造

焚烧炉是覆铜板行业及其他行业用来处理生产过程中、或其产品在使用过程中产生的有机废气的环保型设备。焚烧炉分“直燃式”和“蓄热式”，当前国内覆铜板行业、绝缘材料行业大多数厂家使用的是能耗比较高的“直燃式”废气焚烧炉。在能源紧缺、油料价格不断飚升的今天，对“直燃式”废气焚烧炉进行改造，以降低油料消耗，降低生产成本，是非常必要的、也完全可以做到的。     

集成电路工业的废气处理

集成电路工业的废气有含氟化物和硫酸雾的酸性废气、含氨的碱性废气、含异丙醇和光刻胶的有机废气，含SiO2的含尘废气，以及含硅烷、磷烷的工艺尾气等，这些工业废气中大部分成分是有毒有害的，必须进行有效的处理才能排入大气中。本文主要讨论上述工业废气的分类、处理方式、应用范围及应用实例等。     

关于发动机废气涡轮增压技术的研究

随着科技的发展,废气涡轮增压技术在汽车发动机上的使用越来越广泛,汽车发动机采用废气涡轮增压技术后,动力性、经济性、排放性都比自然进气式发动机有了明显改善。文章针对发动机的废气涡轮增压技术的结构、工作原理及现状与优缺点进行了论述,并且对废气涡轮增压器的新材料以及新技术进行了分析及展望。     

工业废水处理装置中的废气治理技术分析

随着我国工业规模的日益扩大,所产生的废水也逐渐增多,只有相关部门采取合理举措处理工业废水,才能促进工业生产持续发展。文章通过查阅现有文献,对工业废水处理装置中的废气种类及其治理必要性、废气治理技术及治理注意事项进行深入探究,旨在加强企业对废气治理的重视度,提升废气治理效率,更有效地保护我国生态环境。     

集成电路洁净厂房的废气处理

结合工程实例,对集成电路项目中,有毒有害废气处理方式作了介绍与分析。     

汽车尾气余热发电的原理与实现

利用斯特林循环原理，设计了一种汽车尾气余热发电装置，不仅可以有效的利用废热，节省能源，提高效率，同时有利于减少热污染和环境保护。     

Spontaneous and Directional Transportation of Gas Bubbles on Superhydrophobic Cones

Understanding the behavior of gas bubbles in aqueous media and realizing their spontaneous and directional manipulation are of vital importance in both scientific research and industrial applications, owing to their significant influences on many processes, such as waste water treatment, gas evolution reactions, and the recovery of valuable minerals. However, the behaviors of gas bubbles in aqueous media are mainly dominated by the buoyant force, which greatly impedes gas bubble transportation to any other direction except upward. Consequently, the spontaneous and directional transportation of gas bubbles in aqueous media is still identified as a big issue. Here, superhydrophobic copper cones have been successfully fabricated by integrating low‐surface‐tension chemical coatings with conical morphology. The generated superhydrophobic copper cones are capable of transporting gas bubbles from their tip to the base spontaneously and directionally underwater, even when they are vertically fixed with tips pointing up. The present study will inspire people to develop novel strategies to achieve efficient manipulation of gas bubbles in practical applications.     

Ionization‐Facilitated Formation of 2D (Alumino)Silicate–Noble Gas Clathrate Compounds

The nanoscale confinement of noble gases at noncryogenic temperatures is crucial for many applications including noble gas separations, nuclear waste remediation, and the removal of radon. However, this process is extremely difficult primarily due to the weak trapping forces of the host matrices upon noble gas physisorption. Herein, the formation of 2D clathrate compounds, which result from trapping noble gas atoms (Ar, Kr, and Xe) inside nanocages of ultrathin silica and aluminosilicate crystalline nanoporous frameworks at 300 K, is reported. The formation of the 2D clathrate compounds is attributed to a novel activated physisorption mechanism, facilitated by ionization of noble gas atoms. Combined X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) studies provide evidence of an initial ionization process that significantly reduces the apparent trapping barrier. Noble gas ions become neutralized upon entering the cages, and their desorption requires unprecedentedly high temperatures, even in ultrahigh vacuum conditions. From 2D aluminosilicate films these temperatures are 348 K (Ar), 498 K (Kr), and 673 K (Xe). DFT calculations also predict that Rn can be trapped in 2D aluminosilicates with an even higher desorption temperature of 775 K. This work highlights a new ionization‐facilitated trapping mechanism resulting in the thinnest family of clathrates ever reported.     

Detection of Radioactive Gas with Scintillating MOFs

Homogenous radioactive gas contamination constitutes the hardest challenge for radioprotection due to its elusive nature. Most common radioactive gas are ⁸⁵Kr, ²²²Rn, and tritiated (³H) vapors. Each of them has different challenges, often leading to specialized single-gas detectors. The state-of-the-art detection either produces chemical-radiological waste, is hard to implement online, or requires large volume. A new paradigm is presented for radioactive gas detection that can perform online detection on any gas and fit in the hand. This study use photoluminescent metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as both porous gas sponges and scintillators. The response of several zinc based MOF is studied, using a unique radioactive gas test bench. These tests showed that MOFs are able to both concentrate and detect successfully ⁸⁵Kr. The investigation is completed with calibration with different activities. The study also reports detection of ²²²Rn, and measurement of its half-life. Finally, the study is completed with the successful detection of tritiated dihydrogen, commonly known to be a hard radionuclide to detect due to its low energy and penetration range. This paper shows that scintillating MOFs are a powerful solid-state approach and a practical solution to the challenge of radioactive gas measurements.     

半导体制程废气处理技术实践

讨论了半导体制造废气处理技术与排放,包括热排气、酸性排气、碱性排气和有机排气这四种工艺废气处理设备的应用和处理原理,以及在实际的操作运行中不同系统控制参数对处理效率的影响,并通过实验确定合理的参数设定范围.特别阐述了有机废气处理技术和相关处理设备的应用和操作运行,以及实现系统高效节能运行的技术实践,对半导体厂实现环境保护以及降低气态分子级污染物对生产的影响提供了现实可行的操作依据.     

汽车尾气余热发电装置的电路设计

采用MAX669变换芯片、UC3906控制芯片、CD4047驱动芯片实现低压直流电能的DC—DC升压、储能和DC—AC逆变。电路的转换效率达到了90％以上，为汽车尾气余热友电装置提供了一种结构简单、易于实现、性能可靠的实现电路。     

变频器在混合燃气加热锅炉控制系统中的应用

燃气加热锅炉的燃料是天然气、各种煤气（如高炉煤气、焦炉煤气、转炉煤气）等。在燃烧过程中，如果空气燃料比配合不恰当，不完全燃烧的结果会导致将残留燃料随燃烧后的废气排放至大气，造成不可再生资源的浪费，更严重的后果是严重污染了大气。利用变频器的优良跟踪特性，将变频器技术与智能控制技术相结合，可以比较好地解决优化空气燃料比的问题。     

密封元器件的残余气氛分析

简要介绍了密封元器件内部残余气氛分析的概念,以及生产厂家和使用方了解产品内部残余气氛分析的意义和作用。如何进行内部气氛分析,了解残余气氛可能造成的失效模式。如何进行产品的工艺调整,改进生产工艺以控制水汽含量,有助于提高密封元器件产品的质量和可靠性水平。     

程氏循环,天然气分布式能源的新选择

论述了燃气轮机的发展历史,提高燃气轮机发电功率和效率的途径,STIG循环式燃气轮机系统的优点和国内研究现状。应用STIG循环的分布式能源系统对于我国天然气分布式能源系统建设来说是一个新的良好选择。采用STIG循环系统建设天然气分布式能源项目,原理技术可行,节能减排效果明显。