The outlook for global unity in hazardous-area equipment

Modifications to the National Electrical Code (NEC) and Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) have created changes and complications in the marking and approvals of new explosion-protected products. Instead of making the practice of consolidating approvals for globalized products simpler, Canada and the US have gone in different directions. This, in turn, may confuse many who manufacture, specify, install, and inspect explosion-protected equipment. Europe adopted the ATEX Directive, which creates a new method of approving explosion-protected equipment for Europe. Previously, equipment and materials had to pass equipment and construction standards that limited new ideas and techniques. Now, due to the ATEX Directive, manufacturers have the opportunity to build and test explosion-protected equipment to the new Directive 94-3, which is based on performance testing. This new system may revolutionize the hazardous area industry as well as trade throughout Europe by freeing up manufacturers to use new inventive types of equipment and construction standards     

矿用隔爆型产品图纸审核应注意的问题

防爆电器通常工作在有爆炸危险的环境中,合格的防爆电气产品在煤矿井下使用,对保证煤矿爆炸性危险场所的人身、财产安全起着重要的作用,因此,对防爆电气产品的质量检查尤为重要.为了能够高质量、高效率的完成矿用隔爆型产品图纸的审核工作,提出了对矿用隔爆型产品图纸审核应注意的一些问题.     

正压型防爆仪器房间电源控制系统设计

在遵循IEC60079—13标准的基础上,文章介绍了基于PLC适用于正压通风型防爆仪器房的电源控制系统以及该系统的软、硬件的设计和原理,文章着重对系统的配置和安全联锁关系进行了论述。     

浅谈气体爆炸危险区域划分

通过对释放源各种影响因素以及它们对危险区域、危险等级和范围的分析,针对气体爆炸危险区域,结合国际标准,介绍了化工企业中爆炸危险区域的划分。     

Handling changes from divisions to zones

This paper deals with the adaptation of IEC standards in electrical plants in Brazil. The Brazilian Technical Standards Association (ABNT) adopted the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) basis and changed the Brazilian electrical installations. This article will describe how these changes impacted the Brazilian oil and gas sectors, focusing on the area classification study, the installation design, the trade of electrical and electronic equipment for use in hazardous locations and training necessities.     

低压电器电磁兼容讲座 第六讲 低压电器电磁兼容试验及性能判别标准(二)

介绍了IEC（60947系列标准和现行的或正在报批的低压电器国家标准中有关低压电器的电磁兼容要求，并详细介绍了几个主要的低压电器产品的抗扰度试验和电磁发射试验项目及其性能判别标准。     

低压电器电磁兼容讲座 第七讲 低压电器电磁兼容试验及性能判别标准(三)

介绍了IEC6097系列标准和现行的或正在报批的低压电器国家标准中有关低压电器的电磁兼容要求，并详细介绍了几个主要的低压电器产品的抗扰度试验和电磁发现试验项目及其性能判别标准。     

现代低压电器中的电磁兼容及其国际认证

电磁兼容在电力设备设计及应用中日益成为重要的要素,产品要进入欧美及日本市场必须先取得电磁容兼的合格证,本文着重论述了电磁干扰对现代低压电器的影响,以及新制定的国际标准,并介绍了获取电磁兼容国际认证和ＣＥ标志的方法。     

低压电器电磁兼容讲座 第五讲 低压电器电磁兼容试验及性能判别标准(一)

介绍子IEC60947系列标准和现行的或正在报批的低压电器国家标准中有关低压电器的电磁兼容要求，并详细介绍了几个主要的低压电器产品的抗扰度试验和电磁发射试验项目有其性别判别标准。     

低压电器电磁兼容讲座第五讲低压电器电磁兼容试验及

介绍了IEC60947系列标准和现行的或正在报批的低压电器国家标准中有关低压电器的电磁兼容要求，并详细介绍了几个主要的低压电器产品的抗扰度试验和电磁发射试验项目及其性能判别标准。     

基于动态比较优势理论的国产低压电器品牌发展路径

综述了目前我国低压电器国产品牌面临的竞争压力和困境,并用国际贸易的动态比较优势理论米借鉴分析在同一国家同一劳动力资源禀赋下的低压电器行业的国产品牌应对国外进入的国际品牌如何去获取竞争优势的问题,力图为我国本土低压电器国产品牌发展路径提供有资可循的建议.     

GB3836.1《爆炸性环境第1部分:设备通用要求》2010版与2000版的差异介绍

就新版国家标准GB 3836.1-201<爆炸性环境第1部分:设备通用要求>相对老版GB 3836.1-2000<爆炸性气体环境用电气设备第1部分:通用要求>的主要技术差异进行了对比分析,并就新版标准在标准的引用范围、新增条款、电气设备结构及补充要求等方面的变化和增加的相关规定进行了介绍.     

Choosing your motor

This article discusses about the design and safety aspects of n, e, and p motors for hazardous area. Induction and synchronous motors have been used in numerous applications in the petrochemical industry for many years. They have operated in hazardous areas designated as Class 1, Division 1/Zone 1, or Class 1, Division 2/Zone 2. The safety standards governing the use of motors in these hazardous areas have been developed by various national and international authorities with the goal of making the use of motors as safe and economical specification of the motor. The paper will discuss the key design and application aspects of the motors above the frame sizes defined by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) following the North American and International Electrotechnical Commission standards.     

厘清LED照明电器产品及照明有关标准

介绍了与LED照明电器产品有关的国家标准、行业标准、国外标准,以及照明标准的出版情况。其中,行业标准包括轻工行业标准、工业和信息化部行业标准,国外标准包括IEC标准、美国能源部能源之星要求、北美照明学会标准以及正在制定的与LED照明电器产品有关的IEC标准。     

浅谈国家标准GB／T11918修订的意义

国家标准GB／T11918．1和GB／T11918．2根据IEC60309的修订新版本进行修订，其中增加了IK抗撞击防护等级。国家标准第一次提出IK抗撞击机械防护等级，表明电器设备的防护已经引起各级的重视，说明IK抗撞击防护等级对于电器设备防护的重要性。本文阐述标准修订将进一步提高工业电器的安全性和可靠性；对于发展防护电器产业具有重要意义。     

装饰照明和普通照明用LED及其最终产品应用标准的识别和完善

文章介绍了国际国内照明电器产品标准体系的组成,以及如何在我国目前的照明电器产品标准体系中识别普通照明用LED及其最终产品对应的标准。文章还分析了目前普通照明用LED及其最终产品对应标准的缺陷,并且提出了改进和完善的方向及方法。     

线缆设备标准亟待提升

较之其它机械产品标准,标志线缆制造设备技术水平的功能指标和表征质量水平的可靠性指标,相对含糊或缺.为了推进线缆设备技术进步以及便于用户的选择,应积极研究国外先进机型和标准,制订具有国际先进水平的国家或行业标准.     

国际上分布式电源的互连标准介绍

比较现有分布式电源（DG）互连标准和准则,发现不同国家和地区的标准各不相同,这些标准涉及的重要问题可归类为：一般规格和要求,安全和保护的要求和电力质量要求。统一的DG互连国家标准对于分布式能源发展至关重要,它提供的验证基础有利于DG技术市场化,促进高品质产品国际贸易和技术转让。本文研究结果可以为开发中国DG互连标准提供有益参考。     

North American and IEC standards for circuit breakers

Which standards are appropriate for molded-case circuit breakers in North America-North American or International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards? Though IEC standards are generally international, they are not adopted worldwide. It is not always recognized that the National Electrical Code (NEC) is also international. The product standards for molded-case circuit breakers in the three North American countries are largely identical to each other, but not equivalent to the IEC standards for circuit breakers. These product standards could also be considered international, at least in content. How does one compare Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and IEC standards for circuit-breaker products? One way is to compare the details of one standard to the corresponding details of the other as would be necessary to convert an existing product designed to one standard to the other. Square D Company did such a comparison in both directions. The process was tedious and the results not practically applicable in specifying a product for a given application. However, the exercise did reveal some very useful points related to the products. This article discusses some of these points to provide an overview of product differences     

Combustion Engineering Technology Research Center of Power Plant of China

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