水平钻孔旋喷注浆加固地层效果研究

在粘土和砂土地层中进行了两次实地水平旋喷注浆试验，对水平旋喷注浆加固地层的效果进行了详细分析，包括水平旋喷固结体的成柱直径、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、容重及固结柱体周围土体的物理力学性能在水平旋喷后的变化等。     

粉喷桩固化剂新型材料试验与分析

介绍一种新型材料与水泥的混合物作为粉喷桩固化剂的混合料加固土，讨论了加固土的无侧限抗压强度、抗拉强度和变形模量的试验结果和它们之间的相互关系以及影响加固土强度的主要因素。     

冻融循环对全尾砂固结体力学性能影响及无损检测研究

尾砂固结排放能有效解决尾砂的处置问题,然而固结后的尾砂堆体多处于地表,其性能受自然环境影响较大.我国北方地区存在广泛的冻融循环现象,冻融作用会影响固结体的强度和声电特性,为探究冻融循环条件下全尾砂固结体损伤状态和机制,以李楼铁矿全尾砂固结体为研究对象,对经历不同冻融循环次数的全尾砂固结体试样进行无侧限抗压强度试验、扫描电镜(SEM)试验、电阻率试验和超声波波速试验,借助Matlab软件二值化数字图像处理技术对试样的表面裂隙进行定量分析,并利用电阻率和超声波检测技术对固结体试样冻融循环损伤进行联合检测.结果表明:随冻融循环次数的增加,固结体的无侧限抗压强度呈指数型减小趋势,冻融循环早期(0～5次)固结体的强度减少量最多;冻融循环对固结体的损伤是逐渐累积的过程,全尾砂固结体表观劣化特征发展过程为:微裂隙萌生→裂隙延伸发展→外表层破坏→内部结构破坏;固结体初始强度越大,表面裂纹数越少;内部微观结构由密实状态向疏松状态转变;固结体无侧限抗压强度与电阻率、超声波纵波波速呈正相关,遵循对数函数关系,建立了强度-电阻率和强度-超声波波速无损检测模型;电阻率和超声波波速能准确全面地评价冻融循环条件下全尾砂固结体的损伤状态.     

再生骨料作为轻交通量公路基层材料路用性能研究

为研究废弃混凝土与废弃砖再生骨料作为轻交通量公路基层材料时水泥稳定建筑垃圾再生骨料混合料的路用性能,进行了不同龄期的无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂抗拉试验和抗压回弹模量试验,分析了不同骨料配合比、不同水泥用量对水泥稳定建筑垃圾再生骨料混合料的基本力学性能的影响。结果表明,不同龄期的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗压回弹模量受骨料种类和掺入量的影响较大,掺入混凝土再生骨料含量越多,其混合料强度就较高;含砖量越大,强度越低,但仍能满足现行规范中对基层路用性能的要求。同一种类骨料,水泥用量越高,7 d无侧限抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗压回弹模量也越大。水泥用量的增加可提高混合料的无侧限抗压强度,但高含量的废弃砖会降低其强度。     

有机化膨润土浆材固结体性能研究

为研制出一种用于垃圾场防渗工程具有低渗透系数且满足特定力学性能的防渗浆材,以有机化膨润土、水泥、粉煤灰为浆材主料形成防渗浆材,并对其渗透特性、无侧限抗压强度、应力变形等特性进行研究。试验结果表明:有机化膨润土-水泥防渗浆材固结体在防渗方面较之普通黏土基浆材有明显优越性,具有更广泛的应用价值;有机化膨润土-水泥防渗浆材固结体在无侧限抗压试验中的应力-应变曲线呈软化型,极限应变显著增大,能有效适应地基土层变化。     

水泥土搅拌桩芯样电阻率特性的应用研究

为了进一步论证应用电阻率法检测水泥土搅拌桩施工质量的可行性,以现场钻取的水泥土芯样为研究对象,进行了不同交流电频率下的电阻率、无侧限抗压强度和渗透试验。结果表明：电阻率随电流频率的增加而减小,根据电阻率的变化趋势可以发现存在一个临界频率50kHz;水泥土电阻率和无侧限抗压强度均随土层的变化呈现一致的变化规律,但是水泥土电阻率和渗透系数均随土层的变化呈现相反的变化规律;水泥土无侧限抗压强度和电阻率、渗透系数和电阻率、变形模量和无侧限抗压强度之间均呈较好的线性关系;建立了可以通过水泥土电阻率估计其无侧限抗压强度、变形模量和渗透系数的关系式。研究结果可为现场检测水泥土施工质量提供参考。     

二灰碎石基层材料力学性能与路用性能相关性研究

本文对某高速公路二灰碎石基层材料的无侧限抗压强度、抗压回弹模量、间接抗拉强度以及底基层的无侧限抗压强度与裂缝度、车辙面积率、修补面积率以及PCI进行了相关性分析,发现其相关性较为良好。     

聚丙烯纤维水泥土强度增长机理分析

为了研究聚丙烯纤维掺量对水泥土强度增长机理的影响,分别进行了不同聚丙烯纤维掺量下的水泥土无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂抗拉强度试验和电镜扫描试验,得到了聚丙烯纤维水泥土无侧限抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度的变化规律,分析了能量演化特征和内部微观结构。试验结果表明:随着聚丙烯纤维掺量的增加,水泥土的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和强度增益比均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且离散程度整体较小。当聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.4%时,无侧限抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度达到最大值,分别为4.18 MPa和0.74 MPa,比素水泥土分别提高了13.28%和23.33%,强度增益比大于1;无侧限抗压强度试验和劈裂抗拉强度试验中,总能量、弹性应变能均达到最大值,分别为0.072 1 MJ/m~3、0.063 7 MJ/m~3和0.004 04 MJ/m~3、0.003 37 MJ/m~3。耗散能在无侧限抗压强度试验中整体上呈现下降趋势,而在劈裂抗拉强度试验中却呈现先减小后增大的趋势。     

ZZLS绿色生态护坡材料的强度试验研究

研究一种强度和抗侵蚀能力较高，且草灌植被可生长的ZZLS绿色生态护坡材料。利用扫描电镜和能谱技术，分析材料的微观结构和胶结成分，剖析了材料的植生功能和强度机制。基于室内试验成果，分析了材料的无侧限抗压强度和变形模量的变化规律，利用二次抛物线模型模拟其应力．应变关系，给出了模型的试验参数。结果表明，ZZLS材料的多孔结构有利于植被生长，水泥水化物是提高材料强度和团聚体水稳性的主要因素。随龄期和水泥掺量的增加，ZZLS材料的无侧限抗压强度表现为指数增长关系。水泥掺入比在12％以上时，龄期增长对材料强度增长率影响显著，因此，建议工程中优先采用12％～15％的水泥掺入比。ZZLS材料的应力．应变关系用二次抛物线模型描述比较理想，其平均变形模量和极限变形模量与无侧限抗压强度有着较好的线性相关关系。     

玻璃纤维增强泡沫轻质混凝土力学性能的试验研究

为研究玻璃纤维对泡沫轻质混凝土力学性能的影响,对浇筑密度为700 kg/m3的泡沫轻质混凝土掺加4组不同长度、不同含量的耐碱玻璃纤维后,开展压缩试验、劈裂抗拉试验、抗折强度试验(三点式),并对数据整理分析。研究结果表明:随着纤维含量的增加,4组纤维泡沫轻质混凝土的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度均呈现先增加后减小的现象;掺加玻璃纤维对泡沫轻质混凝土抗折强度提高效果最优,劈裂抗拉强度次之,无侧限抗压强度最弱;掺加纤维前后,泡沫轻质混凝土均表现为明显的脆性,但掺加纤维可明显增强泡沫轻质混凝土的韧性。玻璃纤维的掺加对抗折强度提高效果最优,劈裂抗拉强度次之,无侧限抗压强度最弱。     

水泥稳定砖与混凝土再生集料混合料的疲劳性能

研究了水泥稳定砖与混凝土再生集料(RBCA)混合料的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度与抗压回弹模量等基本物理力学性能,并开展了水泥稳定RBCA混合料的四点弯曲疲劳试验;基于Weibull分布确定了混合料的疲劳寿命预估模型,分析了RBCA掺量对混合料疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:随着RBCA掺量的增加,水泥稳定RBCA混合料的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度与抗压回弹模量均先增大后减小,弯拉强度也具有类似规律;相同级配与水泥剂量下,混合料的疲劳寿命随着RBCA掺量的增加而增大,且RBCA掺量较小时其混合料疲劳寿命增幅较大,后续增幅变小;加入RBCA可提高水泥稳定碎石混合料的抗疲劳性能.     

固化粉土小应变剪切模量与强度增长相关性研究

小应变剪切模量和无侧限抗压强度是表征固化土刚度和强度特性的两个重要参数。简要介绍了弯曲元测试技术的原理及其在试验中存在的问题,采用压电陶瓷弯曲元测试技术对水泥和木质素固化剂固化粉土试样在不同养护龄期下的小应变剪切模量进行了测试,同时对相应龄期下试样进行了常规无侧限抗压强度试验,通过引入归一化参数G28和UCS28对不同固化土的小应变剪切模量和无侧限抗压强度之间的相关关系进行分析,提出了固化土刚度与强度的相关性模型,可为地基处理中固化土的无损测试与加固效果评价提供新的方法。结果表明,水泥、木质素固化粉土的小应变剪切模量随养护龄期增加而增加,养护龄期28 d内增长显著,28 d后增长趋于平稳;相同类型固化土不论固化剂掺量多少,其小应变剪切模量随养护时间的发展在本质上是相同的;固化土归一化无侧限抗压强度表现出与小应变剪切模量相似的发展趋势;提出的固化土归一化模型可作为一种土体强度无损检测的新方法。     

二灰稳定再生集料的最佳配合比研究

采用石灰、粉煤灰及再生集料为原料,配制成二灰稳定再生集料的结合料．通过重型击实、无侧限抗压强度、劈裂以及室内抗压回弹试验,对不同配合比的二灰稳定再生集料的最大干密度、最佳含水量以及不同龄期的抗压强度、劈裂强度和抗压回弹模量进行了研究,分析了二灰比和再生集料的含量对结合料性能的影响,并通过对比分析得出了二灰稳定再生集料的优化配合比范围．     

Comprehensive compressive-tensile strength criterion for intact rock

This paper presents a strength criterion for intact rock,which can well describe triaxial test data under compressive or tensile stress state.The proposed criterion is defined in terms of three parameters.One parameter expresses the apparent unconfined compressive strength(AUCS),obtained from the Coulomb-Mohr criterion,as a regulated unconfined compressive strength(RUCS).Two other parameters,and,are material-dependent that can be determined by regression analysis.The proposed criterion is compared with selected applicable strength criteria separately for compressive and tensile strengths.Coefficient of determination and accordance coefficient are considered in comparisons between the proposed and selected strength criteria.     

Fibre-reinforced cemented soils compressive and tensile strength assessment as a function of filament length

This study aims to develop a dosage methodology based on tensile and compressive strength for artificially cemented fibre reinforced soils considering filament length. The controlling parameters evaluated were the fibre length (l), the cement content (C), the porosity (η) and the porosity/cement ratio (η/C_iv). A number of unconfined compression and split tensile tests were carried out in the present work. The results show that fibre insertion in the cemented soil, for the whole range of cement content studied, and the increase of reinforcement length improve unconfined compressive and split tensile strengths. It was shown that the porosity/cement ratio, in which volumetric cementitious material content is adjusted by an exponent (0.28 for all the fibre-reinforced and non-reinforced cemented soil mixtures) to end in unique correlations for each mixture, is a good parameter in the evaluation of the unconfined compressive and split tensile strength of the fibre-reinforced and non-reinforced cemented soil studied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on the results of a factorial experiment considering the effect of adjusted cement content, fibre length and porosity showed that all of these factors are significant in affecting the measured changes in split tensile and unconfined compressive strength values. Finally, unique dosage relationships could be achieved linking the unconfined compressive strength (q_u) and the split tensile strength (q_t) of the sandy soil studied with porosity/cement ratio (η/C_iv) and fibre length (l).     

Variability of intact rock mechanical properties for some metamorphic rock types and its implications on the number of test specimens

Intact rock strength and stiffness properties are commonly used in rock mass mechanical characterization, and their evaluation is usually based on laboratory tests. Due to the variability that affects strength and stiffness parameters, the determination of the number of laboratory-tested specimens required to obtain a reliable reference value is very useful. However, many studies reported in apposite literature focused only on the variability of strength parameters. This study investigates the variability of some of the most important strength and stiffness properties (unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, tangent and secant Young’s moduli, Poisson’s ratio) by applying statistical methods (statistical decision theory and statistical inference theory). A data set of 451 laboratory tests was used, performed on three rock types. The statistical analyses were applied with the aim of assessing how closely intact rock laboratory data follow a normal distribution and determining the minimum number of specimens required to obtain a reliable average value of the parameters in relation to a targeted precision index for a confidence level of 95 %. The results indicate that the minimum number of samples needed varies depending on rock and test types. Among the stiffness properties, tangent Young’s modulus has a lower variability than both the secant modulus and the Poisson’s ratio, whereas in terms of strength parameters, unconfined compressive strength is subject to greater variability than indirect tensile strength.     

Point load tests and strength measurements for brittle spheres

A multiaxial failure criterion for brittle materials is applied to a stress field analysis of a perfectly elastic sphere subjected to diametrically opposite normal forces that are uniformly distributed across small areas on the sphere's surface. Expressions are obtained for an intrinsic strength parameter of the material, as well as its unconfined compressive strength. An expression for the unconfined tensile strength is obtained by introducing an additional parameter accounting for the microstructural features of the material. The expressions indicate that failure initiates in the sphere where the ratio between the second deviatoric stress invariant and the first stress invariant is a maximum. Such a criterion does not coincide with the location of maximum tensile stress. The expressions are used to reinterpret published point load test results and predict unconfined compressive strengths. The configuration of the point load test as well as surface roughness and elastic properties of the pointer and samples are taken into account to establish the size of the area on which the point loads act. The predictions are in good agreement with measured values obtained directly using unconfined compressive strength tests. It is concluded that the point load test provides a more reliable estimate of the compressive strength than the tensile strength.     

多孔混凝土基层的应力-应变特性

为进行多孔混凝土基层路面的结构设计,需研究其应力-应变特性.通过小梁试件三分点加荷试验及棱柱体试件轴心抗压试验,分别测试多孔混凝土的弯拉弹性模量与轴心抗压弹性模量.对试验结果进行回归分析,得出多孔混凝土弯拉弹性模量与弯拉强度、抗压弹性模量与轴心抗压强度之间分别符合相关性良好的幂指数关系,并据此得出多孔混凝土弯拉弹性模量与弯拉强度、抗压弹性模量与轴心抗压强度的对应关系表,作为其弹性模量的推荐值.