金属门窗、幕墙型材截面特性电脑计算方法

由于金属门窗、幕墙的设计计算第一步都需要型材的截面特性、惯性矩等,因建筑各异,要求不同,型材在性能、经济上都需要充分考虑。这样,型材截面特性的计算要求比较精确,使用电脑精确     

梁的疲劳开裂各向同性弯曲损伤分析

在梁的纯弯曲损伤基本假设条件下,利用疲劳损伤耦合理论,导出了梁弯曲疲劳损伤的基本方程。根据疲劳实验测得的跨中挠度随荷载循环次数的变化规律,得到梁底缘应变与循环荷载重复作用次数的关系曲线。利用梁弯曲疲劳损伤的基本方程可分别得到中性轴偏移量和有效惯性矩与循环荷载重复作用次数的关系曲线,最后可预测矩形截面梁疲劳寿命。     

浅析弯曲变形的截面几何量——惯性矩

工程结构中,弯曲变形是最常见的结构变形形式。在对其进行强度、刚度计算时,需要用到几何量——惯性矩。由于它相对于其它几何量而言,具有内容复杂,变化大,掌握起来难、烦等特点。故本文从惯性矩定义入手,全面地分析、说明截面的主惯性矩、形心主惯性矩和组合图形惯性矩。     

开口薄壁杆的板件面内拉弯综合抗力体系

针对薄壁杆件力学分析较为复杂的问题，讨论了一种把开口薄壁杆的分析拆分为2个较简单部分的方法。针对薄壁中面内荷载效应的分析问题，首先在适当简化基本应力应变条件的基础上，按平面应力问题分析单肢板件面内荷载效应，然后对其进行向量综合，得到反映开口薄壁杆轴向伸缩、弯曲及翘曲性质的“板件面内拉弯综合抗力体系”及其变形方程；探讨了刚度方程的建立及其计算特点，并与经典理论进行对比。分析表明，在板件面内弯矩定义中引入板件间纵向相互作用力，可简化该体系分析过程和结论，使之具备与平面弯曲问题一致的形式。作为应用举例，推导了求解薄壁截面主轴方向、主轴惯性矩、弯心坐标、主扇性惯性矩的线性方程组，剖析了经典理论中这些截面几何特性对于计算的意义及其效率。     

计算门窗型材惯性矩小技巧

门窗设计师们在进行门窗抗风压性能较核时,经常碰到计算型材截面惯性矩的事,这对于学过材料力学的人来说并不是一件难事,但是对于一般技术人员来说可就不那么容易了。即使你熟练掌握计算方法,繁琐的微积分计算过程也让你劳心费时。我们知道,AutoCAD有一个常用功能:可以计算线性材料截面物理参数,包括截面面积、周长、质心、惯性矩等。对于由一个封闭轮廓构成的截面,很多同事用此功能比较熟练,但是对于由一个以上的封闭轮廓构成的复杂界面,就不知所措了,实际上操作很简单,只是个小技巧。目前,大多数门窗型材是包含有多个空腔、由一个以上封…     

混凝土弯曲变形规律研究

验证了混凝土梁在弯曲变形过程中平截面假定的成立以及因损伤原因而产生的中性轴移动，并在此基础上，运用损伤力学方法，得到了混凝土弯曲损伤演化方程、等效惯性矩以及考虑损伤影响的内力计算。     

隔热型材惯性矩分析与计算

本文通过对欧标EN 14024-2004附录C《隔热型材的有效惯性矩》的分析，计论了隔热型材有效惯性矩的计算步骤，并简单介绍了如何使用软件计算隔热型材的有效惯性矩。     

闭口薄壁箱梁截面扭转惯性矩的计算方法

首先根据乌曼斯基第二理论,给出了三种闭口薄壁箱梁截面的扭转惯性矩简化计算方法,并重点介绍如何利用ANSYS自定义截面方法计算薄壁杆件的截面扭转惯性矩,最后通过实际算例分析了三种简化计算结果和ANSYS计算结果的差别,并且通过计算不同网格长宽比下的自由扭转惯性矩,指出网格长宽比对薄壁箱梁截面自由扭转惯性矩的精度影响规律。     

塑料异型材受压弯曲应力计算

为了准确测定塑料异型材可焊性性能,本文介绍了型材截面中性轴至型材受力临界截面距离的计算方法与型材受压弯曲应力系数计算及受压弯曲允许力值计算方法。     

波形腹板工字形梁截面翘曲惯性矩的推导

梁截面的翘曲惯性矩是梁平面外弯扭失稳和扭转变形分析的重要几何参数。对于梯形和正弦形波形腹板工字形截面梁,已有文献对其截面的翘曲惯性矩进行了推导,但由于推导过程中的假定不同,其结果存在差异。从截面翘曲惯性矩的定义出发,结合梯形和正弦形波形腹板工字形截面梁的受力特点,推导得到了梯形和正弦形波形腹板工字形截面梁的翘曲惯性矩计算公式,并从平面外弯扭失稳和扭转变形两个角度,与有限元数值计算结果进行了对比验证,也与其他学者推导的计算公式进行了比较。结果表明,在常用的波形尺寸范围内(波长为150～200mm,波幅为20～30mm),腹板不承受轴向力的理想受力状态可以得到保证。推导结果从理论上符合实际,在精度上也能满足工程需求。     

小楔率变截面柱平面内最大弯矩计算研究

运用平衡法推导出等截面柱平面内最大弯矩计算公式,确定了变截面柱可按等截面柱平面内最大弯矩计算公式计算平面内最大弯矩的楔率范围,并给出小楔率情况下变截面柱平面内最大弯矩的简化计算公式.     

圆钢管相贯节点平面内受弯的焊缝计算

圆钢管相贯节点平面内受弯时,焊缝的惯性矩是焊缝强度计算的重要几何参量,因此主要对焊缝的空间几何特性如有效截面积及有效截面的惯性矩进行分析。数值分析考虑主管与支管管壁沿相贯线的全周二面角的变化,在有效截面理论的基础上得到焊缝的几何特性。结合有限元分析,最终建立圆钢管相贯节点焊缝有效截面惯性矩的表达方法,提出焊缝平面内受弯的强度计算公式。计算公式与有限元结果的对比表明,基于焊缝几何特性的计算方法可以基本保证焊缝抗弯强度计算的安全性。     

浅析后张箱梁管道摩阻对预应力值的影响

根据预应力值的理论计算公式和预应力损失的弯矩计算公式,估算在不同实测管道摩阻系数影响下31．5m跨度预制箱梁跨中预应力值和箱梁跨中截面的弯矩损失,并从施工技术角度分析如何更好地控制预应力管道摩阻对预应力值的影响和预应力钢筋的张拉。     

Collapse behaviour of triangular cross-section girders subject to pure bending

Plastic mechanisms of failure of triangular cross-section girders subjected to pure bending are considered in this paper. Theoretical models of four basic plastic mechanisms observed during preliminary experimental model investigation are described. Theoretical analysis is carried out using basic assumptions of the general rigid plastic theory and particular assumptions concerning thin-walled structures. The total energy of plastic deformation as well as the bending moment of the global plastic hinge are formulated. Example of numerical results relating to one of considered plastic mechanisms is presented.     

关于波纹板第二主向刚度的探讨

对构造上各向异性板,如波纹板,当板厚达到一定数值时,赛代尔的第二主向刚度公式不再适用。依据平板抗弯刚度公式,提出等效惯性矩的思想,构造了波纹厚板新的第二主向刚度公式。通过对四边简支波纹板的计算和试验测量,证明赛代尔的公式较适用于薄板,而对厚板给出的第二主向刚度公式接近试验值。     

关于建筑力学的两个命题

针对建筑力学中的三力平衡汇交定理和正n边形截面的惯性矩两个命，提出了应该对三力平衡汇交定理的条件加以修正，即对三力平衡问题中的三力平行这种特殊情况不必设条件加以限制，并从理论上加以证明，对正多边形截面关于形心轴的惯性矩的特性及计算公式进行了讨论与证明。     

Effect of moment of inertia on elastic stability of rectangular webs for thin-walled beams under a transverse load

So far, the equations for buckling capacity of web panels focus on thin-walled beams with very strong flanges. In this paper, elastic buckling behavior of web panels of thin-walled beams with weak flanges is further studied, aiming at a buckling coefficient formula unifying the effect of both weak and strong flanges. A new parameter, the flange-to-web ratio of moment of inertia, is proposed to characterize the effect of flanges. Then, a semi-analytical method is applied to investigate the buckling behavior of simply supported web panels, in two cases, inclusive or exclusive of effect of the moment of inertia of flanges. It is revealed that elastic buckling load, in particular, the buckling coefficient of web panel is a function of two key parameters, web aspect ratio and flange-to-web ratio of moment of inertia. Meanwhile, a finite element analysis (FEA) model allowing for the sensitivity of boundary conditions is validated by comparing with the semi-analytical solution to the case exclusive of effect of the moments of inertia of flanges. Next, numerical results are utilized to illustrate the influence of the previous parameters, which verify the increase of buckling coefficient with flange-to-web ratio of moment of inertia or the decrease of buckling coefficient with web aspect ratio. Besides, it also verifies that for the same flange-to-web ratio of moment of inertia, the buckling behavior of square web panels is closer to the uniform shear buckling than other rectangular web panels. Finally, an accurate design formula is proposed to calculate buckling coefficient of web panel.     

Some thoughts on a surprising result concerning the lateral-torsional buckling of monosymmetric I-section beams

This technical note addresses a surprising result concerning the lateral-torsional buckling of monosymmetric I-section beams: amongst all bending moment diagrams caused by any combination of applied end moments and transverse loads acting at the shear centre, the lowest critical moment does not necessarily correspond to uniform bending, which is at odds with the “intuitive expectation” of most engineers that such bending moment distribution is the most unfavourable with respect to lateral-torsional buckling. It is shown, by means of several illustrative examples, that this may not be the case for I-section beams with unequal flanges (monosymmeric cross-section – symmetry with respect to the minor axis). Moreover, the critical inspection of the terms (i) associated with the cross-section monosymmetry and (ii) appearing in the beam potential energy expression and differential equilibrium equation provides the mechanical/mathematical explanation for this surprising behavioural feature.     

Analytical formulation for the deformations of I-shapes and RHS at the plastic strain ultimate limit state

The development of “full plastic hinges” in the most stressed cross-sections is a common hypothesis considered in the elastic-plastic design of steel structures. The equations for the internal forces at the plastic limit state are then based on equilibrium conditions only, and they do not allow the global deformations corresponding to each combination of internal forces at this ultimate limit state to be estimated.This paper presents a simplified analytical model for the elastic-plastic analysis of rectangular hollow sections and bisymmetrical I-sections bent about their strong axis. This model states the relations between the global deformations (axial deformation and bending curvature) and the corresponding internal forces (axial force and bending moment) at the cross-section plastic strain ultimate limit state. It allows a realistic evaluation of the cross-section ductility, based on a relevant strain limitation at the most strained cross-section fibres.     

再生粗骨料混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

通过对3根相同配筋率、相同混凝土抗压强度、不同再生粗骨料取代率的再生混凝土简支梁的抗弯试验,探讨了再生混凝土受弯构件正截面受力变形性能和破坏特征。试验结果表明:再生混凝土梁正截面在受力过程中,仍具有弹性、开裂、屈服和极限4个明显特征;正截面平均应变服从平截面假定;相同条件下,再生混凝土梁的开裂弯矩和极限抗弯承载能力接近于普通混凝土受弯构件,抗弯刚度小于普通混凝土受弯构件。最后,本文根据现行《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010-2002)提出的普通混凝土梁的计算公式,验算了再生混凝土梁的开裂弯矩、极限弯矩、挠度和最大裂缝宽度。初步验算结果表明,除极限弯矩计算公式外,普通混凝土梁的开裂弯矩、挠度和最大裂缝宽度计算公式均不再适用于再生混凝土梁。