硬质聚氯乙烯（PVC-U）管材施工注意事项

编者按:硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)管材作为建筑给排水管道,可缓解我国钢材紧缺、能源不足的矛盾,经济效益十分显著.本文通过PVC-U管材特性的论述,指出了PVC-U管材施工的注意事项.     

PVC管材生产的自动化控制应用研究

聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材是当代工业中广泛应用的一种塑料管材,依增塑剂含量的多少可分为硬质PVC(PVC-U)管材和软质PVC (PVC-P)管材。主要讨论了几种PVC管材生产过程中工艺流程和工艺参数的选择依据,以及PVC管材生产过程中的质量控制。     

硬质聚氯乙烯管材应用及加工配方

本文简单叙述了硬质聚氯乙烯（RPVC）管材近年来国内外消费状况。介绍了RPVC管材的分类、特性、管用粒料性能及其应用领域、经济效益等。同时讲述了RPVC管加工所需的添加剂，并列举了部分RPVC管加工配方实例。     

新型煤矿用PVC抗静电管材的研制

探讨塑料表面静电荷的产生机理和解决办法,并从原材料的选用、管材成型工艺及配方等几个方面论述煤矿用聚氯乙烯抗静电管材的生产技术。所制备的聚氯乙烯抗静电管材表面电阻率为6.4×10~5Ω,拉伸强度为35.3MPa,冲击强度为8.7 kJ/m~2,硬度为90,满足煤矿用管材的要求。     

PVC管材抗冲改性及高抗冲PVC管材的评价方法

简述了硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)管材存在的问题、PVC增韧改性原理。阐述了高抗冲PVC管材抗冲性能的检测项目和测试方法,对高抗冲PVC管材的开发提出了建议。     

硬质聚氯乙烯管材维卡软化点的测定方法

<正> 硬聚氯乙烯管材具有质量轻、耐腐蚀、自熄等优点,用它来代替传统的铸铁管作为民用建筑排水管的前景良好。但是硬质聚氯乙烯管材的维卡软化点测定方法在我国还未建立标准,为了推进标准化工作,我们根据82年2月全国PVC管材工     

GB/T 5836.1和GB/T 5836.2新旧版本的主要内容变化

介绍了GB/T 5836.1—2018《建筑排水用硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)管材》和GB/T 5836.2—2018《建筑排水用硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)管件》对比原版本GB/T 5836.1—2006和GB/T 5836.2—2006的主要内容变化,分析了这些变化对建筑排水用硬质聚氯乙烯管材、管件生产、使用的影响。     

氯化聚氯乙烯（PVC—C）管材的研制

氯化聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ－Ｃ）管材是国外九十年代发展起来的产品，由于材料的特殊性能结加工和配方带来了困难，本公司已生产了近壶万氯化聚氯乙烯管材，分别应用在埋地式电力电缆（高压和超高压）保护套管，衬管和非饮用热水管等领域。本文就该管材研制进行了论述。重点从氯化聚氯乙烯的材料，与各种添加剂的配合，工艺设置，加工设施和温度控制，使用场合方面作了介绍。     

几种常见给水PVC工程管道的对比分析

从混配料技术要求、允许内压及抗外压能力、设备要求、性能指标要求及接口形式5个方面分别介绍并对比了硬聚氯乙烯（PVC-U）给水管、高性能硬聚氯乙烯（PVC-UH）给水管、抗冲改性聚氯乙烯（PVC-M）给水管及双轴取向聚氯乙烯（PVC-O）给水管4种硬质聚氯乙烯管材,并重点总结了PVC?UH管道的选取优势和应用案例,最后针对PVC?UH管道的施工给出了实践性建议。     

R—PVC无毒饮水管材、管件的生产技术

采用国产卫生级聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂,对稳定体系进行流变性能试验,并选择较佳的混合、挤出和注射成型参数,在引进设备上制得无毒、质轻、连接简便和密水性强的硬质聚氯乙烯(R—PVC)饮水管材、管件。本文介绍该产品的原辅料选择、设备特点以及生产配方和成型工艺。     

200 kt/a过磷酸钙氟吸收系统聚氯乙烯设备的设计特点

介绍南通大伦化工有限公司200 kt/a过磷酸钙二室一塔分级除氟系统流程;采用硬聚氯乙烯板材、管材制作设备与管道的设计特点;如何解决了原除氟系统存在的气道局部抽瘪、吸收室焊缝开裂泄露等问题。长期使用实践表明:硬聚氯乙烯对氟硅酸具有良好耐腐蚀性,质轻,是制作氟吸收系统设备与管道的首选材料。     

硬PVC低发泡管材的生产及结构剖析

主要介绍硬ＰＶＣ挤出低发泡管材的生产方法以及发泡机理，并通过扫描电子显微镜探讨了硬ＰＶＣ低发泡挤出管材的结构形态。     

我国PVC软管代替橡胶软管的发展概况

介绍了我国PVC软管发展的近况，并将PVC软管与橡胶软管在原料供应、生产工艺及机械性能方面进行了比较。论述了PVC软管代替橡胶软管的现状，并对PVC软管存在的问题进行了分析与展望。     

谢尔炉炭黑－PVC抗静电管材料生产技术研究

本文通过实验，研究了谢尔炉炭黑填充抗静电ＰＶＣ管材料的生产技术，为ＰＶＣ管材的生产打下基础。     

Prediction of vinyl chloride monomer migration from rigid PVC pipe

Data on the solubility and diffusion of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in PVC resin powders have been combined with published solutions of Fick's diffusion equation to yield predictions of the amount and rate of loss of residual VCM (RVCM) from rigid PVC pipe under storage and service conditions. The principal factors controlling VCM migration are the initial VCM content, thickness of the PVC section, temperature and the age of the PVC product. Analysis Solutions are presented for RVCM loss from freshly exturded pipe (uniform VCM concentration) into either the storage environment or the pipe contents. From these solutions, estimates are made for the real-world situation of closed-system service following variable storage periods. The validity of this approach for rigid PVC pipe in water-service is supported by reasonable agreement between its predictions and experimental laboratory data on the VCM content of water stored in PVC pipes. Both the predictive model and experimental data indicate that PVC pipe containing ≤ mg/kg (1 part per million) residual VCM will result in VCM concentrations in water of less than 0.002 mg/kg - under any expected service conditions.     

Highly filled potable water pipe

Profitable production and sale of rigid PVC water pipe is difficult even in the best of economic times. The industry is intensively cost driven. The development of lower cost formulations is, therefore, of great interest. Conventional pressure pipe formulas do not provide sufficient hydrostatic strength when calcium carbonate filler levels exceed 5 parts per hundred resin (phr). This paper will describe the development of a pressure pipe formulation which contains up to 10 phr filler while maintaining physical properties exceeding all of the required minimum standards. The presentation will include the physical property testing required to develop the formulation including cell classification and long-term hydrostatic design stress tests. These will be contrasted with data obtained from conventional formulas containing 10 phr of fillers. The quality of commercially extruded pressure pipe made with the new formula will be discussed as a function of raw material selection, blending, and extrusion conditions.     

PVC packaging recycling

This study examines the recyclability of PVC bottles into other PVC products. Post consumer bottles can potentially be granulated and used, without further treatment, in the production of these products. Washing will allow the granulate to recover most of the properties of the original bottle compound, by removing paper labels and residual product contamination. Plastic contaminants, such as those from caps and other plastic bottles, show little effect on several physical properties at levels up to 3%. This granulate can thus be used as a significant portion of the raw material feed for a number of PVC products including DWV (drain/waste/vent) pipe, pipe fittings, rigid sheet, bottles, etc. Post consumer PVC bottle granulate thus constitutes a valuable resource; the recyclability of PVC packaging thus is a question of collection.     

Poly (alpha-methylstyrene) as a processing aid for rigid poly (vinyl chloride)

Poly (alpha-methylstyrene) (PAMS) is a new approach to process improvement in rigid poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)—the use of a low molecular weight polymer as a process aid. PAMS can reduce fusion time, melt viscosity and improve heat stability of rigid PVC compounds. The reduced melt viscosity allows the addition of fillers to PVC without adverse effect on extrusion rates. This polymer also improves the resistance to melt fracture and shear “burning” at high shear rates. When used within the optimum concentration range, physical properties such as tensile strength, Izod impact and heat distortion are maintained. In addition, PAMS gives, improved production rates in both pipe extrusion and injection molding processes without sacrifice in properties.     

Rigid cellular PVC—the next house siding material?

The technology for extruding rigid cellular PVC has grown substantially over the past decade. Formulation additives, tooling, and processing expertise have made possible a variety of applications—relatively complex profiles, foam-core pipe, thermoformable foam sheet, and house siding. In the U.S. market, vinyl house siding is typically a relatively thin extrusion that is folded into a final shape that resembles wood cladding in appearance. An alternative to conventional form vinyl siding could be a foam structure that is thicker and stiffer than the solid form, and with a density similar to that of wood. This paper presents several performance advantages of rigid cellular PVC cladding in comparison to the current solid product, in addition to mentioning certain limitations that exist in the foam product that is produced with the technology available today.     

新型类苯乙烯流变改性剂在硬质PVC管材中的应用

本文通过对比试验和生产实践，说明新型类苯乙烯流变改性剂，应用在硬质ＰＶＣ管材中，具有明显的降低塑化温度，提高流动性和提高耐低温冲击性能的作用