Double‐Inverse‐Opal Photonic Crystals: The Route to Photonic Bandgap Switching

Photonic crystals with a complete bandgap can stop the propagation of light of a certain frequency in all directions. We introduce double‐inverse‐opal photonic crystals (DIOPCs) as a new kind of optical switch. In the DIOPC, a movable, weakly scattering sphere is embedded within each pore of the inverse‐opal photonic crystal lattice. Switching between a diffusive reflector and a photonic crystal environment is experimentally demonstrated. Theory shows that a complete bandgap can be realized that can be opened or closed by moving the spheres. This functionality opens up new possibilities for the control of light emission and propagation. The close link and interaction between the chemical synthesis and the computational design and analysis underlines the interdisciplinary focus of this report.     

光子晶体及其自组装制备方法的进展

光子晶体是将两种或两种以上介质材料排列成具有光波长量级的一维、二维或三维周期结构的人工晶体.由于光子晶体具有光子带隙、光子局域等特性,所以它具有巨大的应用前景.简述了光子晶体的主要特征,重点介绍了三维光子晶体的自组装方法.     

光子晶体的研究进展

光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的周期性电介质结构,落在光子带隙中的光不能传播.由于其独特的调节光子传播状态的功能,成为实现光通讯和光子计算机的基础.光子晶体的制备是发展光子晶体的关键,而可见光和近红外波段光子晶体的制备更是难点.本文阐述了光子晶体的概念及其特性后,分别介绍了光子晶体的实验研究和应用研究.实验研究重点介绍了光子晶体的制备方法.应用研究重点介绍了单模发光二极管光、光波导器件和微波天线等.     

光子晶体在隐身技术领域的应用研究进展

光子晶体是一类电介质材料周期性排列形成的新型人工结构功能材料,具有独特的调控光子传播的特性,在隐身技术领域具有重要的应用前景.本文主要介绍了光子晶体的基本特性以及在隐身技术领域的应用研究状况.     

Broadband Omnidirectional Diversion of Light in Hybrid Plasmonic‐Photonic Heterocrystals

Broadband, omnidirectional, and polarization‐independent diversion has been achieved of more than 90% of the light flow intensity off its incidence direction using hybrid metal–dielectric plasmonic‐photonic heterocrystals. These architectures were prepared by depositing metal film on the interface between two photonic crystals of different parameters. The magnitude of light losses was extracted from angle‐resolved measurements of transmission and reflectance spectra. Comparing these data for different stages of constructing the complex architecture, the diffraction in colloidal crystals, the excitation and radiative decay of short‐living surface plasmon polaritons in a corrugated metal film and the eigenmode mismatch at the interface between two different photonic crystals were identified as corroborating physical mechanisms behind the light diversion.     

液晶光子晶体可调自准直特性研究

液晶材料光子晶体由于具有可调谐性而得到了广泛的研究,但目前的研究主要集中在可调的光子带隙特性上。详细研究了液晶光子晶体的可调自准直特性。使用平面波展开法分析了液晶旋转角对光子晶体自准直频率的影响,并使用时域有限差分法对光在液晶光子晶体中的传输进行了仿真。结果表明,通过控制液晶旋转角,可以对光子晶体自准直频率进行调节,从而满足不同频率自准直的需要。     

Cavities of crystal light [photonic crystal microcavities]

This paper presents the characteristics of photonic crystal microcavity light sources. Microcavities with dimensions on the scale of the wavelength of light are being extensively investigated due to their ability to exhibit enhanced spontaneous emission, directional output, and single-mode operation. Photonic crystals, which are the optical analog of semiconductors in electronic devices, are capable of controlling the properties of light by confining photons in one, two, or three dimensions. The technology to fabricate photonic crystals at the optical-wavelength scale (i.e., feature sizes at the submicron scale) has only very recently been achieved. Single or multiple defects in the photonic crystals act as microcavities with dimensions on the order of the wavelength of light and have emerged as the preferred way to obtain defect-free optical microcavities. The authors have been investigating electrically injected photonic crystal microcavities, and these devices are described in this paper. Electrically injected microcavities offer the advantage of possible integration with current optoelectronic circuits and devices. Also, arrays of such devices can be fabricated when electrically controlled. Electrically injected photonic crystal microcavity light sources may also realize high-efficiency single-mode LEDs.     

二维光子晶体波导及耦合器的特性模拟

用平面波展开法计算二维光子晶体的能带结构,作为进一步研究光子晶体器件的基础。接着采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟光波在光子晶体直角转折传播的场图以及光波在两条平行光子晶体波导间传播时的耦合场图。模拟结果显示,光波在直角转弯光子晶体中波导中传播时的损耗非常低;在平行光子晶体波导耦合器中的耦合损耗仅也很低。它们的优异性能在光子晶体集成电路中有极大的应用价值。     

光子晶体制备方法最新进展

光子晶体是一种介电常数随空间呈周期性变化的村料。具有光子带隙结构(Photonic Band Cap)的光子晶体,可以调制光子的状态模式。其潜在用途十分广泛。本文介绍了光子晶体的制备方法及其进展。     

光子晶体及其应用

光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的新型功能材料,它独特的物理性质使得光子晶体具有理论研究价值和广泛的应用前景。主要介绍了光子晶体的基本概念和三维光子晶体的制备技术。并综述了光子晶体的一些物理特性及其在光学、通信、微波方面的应用。     

光子晶体及二维光子晶体波导

光子晶体是一种新兴的光学材料,其各种优异的光学特性可以用来制作所需要的光子晶体器件,。本文介绍了一维、二维、三维光子晶体的结构、特性及其主要的理论研究方法、实验制备方法,并着重阐述了二维光子晶体波导的特性及其制备方法及国内外研究进展。     

PBG结构在微波领域的应用

20世纪80年代末出现的光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的新材料,其特有的性质使得光子晶体具有广泛的应用前景。本文介绍了光子晶体的概念,综述了光子带隙结构在微波领域的典型应用和研究进展。     

光子晶体及其应用

光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的新型功能材料,它独特的物理性质使得光子晶体具有 理论研究价值和广泛的应用前景。主要介绍了光子晶体的基本概念和三维光子晶体的制备技术,并综述了光子晶体的一些物理特性及其在光学、通信、微波方面的应用。     

Artificial Defect Engineering in Three‐Dimensional Colloidal Photonic Crystals

Artificial defect engineering in 3D colloidal photonic crystals is of paramount importance in terms of device applications. Over the past few years, we have carried out a great deal of research on introducing artificial defects, including point, line, and planar defects, in 3D colloidal photonic crystals by using “bottom‐up” self‐assembly in combination with “top‐down” micromachining techniques. In this Feature Article, we summarize our research results regarding the engineering of artificial defects in self‐assembled 3D photonic crystals, along with other important research breakthroughs in the literature. The significant advancements in the engineering of defects as reviewed here together with the encouraging reports on the fabrication of perfect colloidal crystals without unwanted defects will collectively lead to technological applications of self‐assembled 3D photonic crystals in the near future.     

光子带隙结构在微波方面的应用

20世纪80年代末出现的光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的新材料,它独特的性质使得光子晶体具有广泛的应用前景。介绍了光子晶体的概念,综述了光子带隙结构在微波领域的应用和研究进展。     

EBG在微波元件方面的应用

光子晶体是一种具有光子(电磁)带隙的新材料，它独特的物理性质使得光子晶体具有广泛的应用前景。介绍了光子晶体的概念，综述了电磁带隙结构在微波元件的应用和研究进展。     

康普顿散射对非磁化等离子体光子晶体禁带密度温度特性的影响

应用多光子非线性康普顿(Compton)散射模型和有限时域差分法,研究了多光子非线性Compton散射对非磁化等离子体光子晶体光子禁带密度和温度特性的影响,提出了将入射光、Compton散射光、等离子体的温度和密度作为调控光子禁带的新机制。研究结果表明,改变温度和等离子体密度分布可实现对等离子体光子晶体的光子禁带拓展,而Compton散射减小了这种拓展效应。Compton散射可使光子禁带向高频方向比散射前有较大的移动,能更好地实现等离子体光子晶体的高通滤波特性。     

Si基光子晶体的制备与器件应用

光子晶体是近十年来迅速发展起来的一种新型人工结构的功能材料。本文简要介绍了Si基光子晶体的主要特点;着重介绍了Si基光子晶体的几种主要制备方法,如精细干式蚀刻法、胶质晶体模板法、宏观多孔Si的电化学腐蚀、多光子聚合法和核壳结构纳米晶粒镶嵌法等;概要介绍了Si基光子晶体在Si基发光器件和Si基光波导器件中的应用。对目前存在的问题进行了讨论,并展望了它的未来发展趋势。     

光子晶体的研究进展

光子晶体是一种新型功能材料，其最基本的特征是具有光子频率带隙，频率落在带隙内的电磁波被禁止在光子晶体中传播。文章介绍了光子晶体的基本性质和制备方法，以及结构无序对光子晶体带隙产生的影响，并对光子晶体的应用前景给予了简短的评述。     

Light Management with Patterned Micro‐ and Nanostructure Arrays for Photocatalysis,Photovoltaics, and Optoelectronic and Optical Devices

The design and fabrication of patterned micro‐ and nanostructure arrays have been demonstrated to be a powerful strategy toward efficient light management, which is of vital importance to a variety of photon‐related applications such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, optoelectronic devices, and optical devices. Tunable optical reflectance, scattering, transmittance, and absorption can be readily achieved by adjusting the characteristics of the primary units in the micro‐/nanoarrays and the spatial patterns of the aligned units, thus realizing controllable light–matter interactions. This review describes various light management strategies based on patterned micro‐/nanoarrays, such as scattering enhancement, antireflection, resonances, photonic crystals, and plasmonic structures. Furthermore, recent advances in the applications of patterned micro‐/nanoarrays in photoelectrochemical water splitting, solar cells, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, lasers, color display, microlens arrays, and photonic crystal sensors are summarized, with particular attention paid to the light management mechanisms and the relationship between the structure and device performance. Lastly, the prospects and existing challenges facing the development of the photon‐related applications based on patterned micro‐/nanoarrays are discussed.