利用超细化方法制备超级热辐射涂料

本文详细地分析了热辐射在介质中的吸收过程，以及超细化对物体辐射性能的影响，提出了提高材料热辐射性能的超细化方法。实际应用和理论分析都表明将材料超细化后可以增加热辐射的透射深度，从而能够提高材料的发射率与吸收率。辐射节能涂料今后的研究方向之一就是朝着超细化、纳米化的方向发展。     

远红外辐射加热反应釜

<正> 远红外辐射加热反应釜,是利用远红外辐射线做热源,加热反应釜完成化学反应。目前化学生产中的反应釜多数仍采用导热油作为载热体,因为远红外加热在化学反釜上的应用较导热油更加优越,因此,现在已开始应用在反应釜上,如上海中联化工厂、上海造漆厂、上海炼油厂、沈阳辽中精细化工厂的高压反应釜等。     

GJT—高辐射陶瓷涂料在锅炉上的节能应用

阐述了GJT-高辐射陶瓷涂料提高锅炉受热面热辐射效率的特点和工艺特性及在哈尔滨石化分公司自备电站锅炉的应用情况。监测结果表明锅炉热效率提高1.2%,获得显著节能效果。     

高温红外辐射釉料的应用研究

高温红外辐射釉料是一种非晶态结构的耐高温、热辐射率高、具有抗渗碳、耐腐蚀的新型红外辐射节能材料.测试和统计表明,辐射管涂敷高温红外辐射釉料后,温度均匀性得到很大改善、变形减小、寿命延长、热效率提高、节能显著.     

电热辐射管结构及有关参数的选择

本文介绍了国外大型连续式气体渗碳炉的加热元件采用燃气辐射管和电热辐射管,英国、美国和日本等国家的电热辐射管已基本系列化、标准化,并由专门厂家生产。如电热辐射管应用在大型连续式气体渗碳炉上,不需停炉即可更换辐射管中任何一部分组件,给维修带来了方便;更主要是它不需带变压器,因而减少了不必要的能耗。 我国大型连续式气体渗碳炉使用电热辐射管则很少。因此本文详细介绍了各种电热辐射管的结构、使用性能及有关参数的选择。     

高温远红外辐射涂料在工业炉上的应用

高温远红外辐射涂料作为工业炉上的一种新型节能材料,在工业炉中应用可收到良好的节能效果,同时对基体材料具有良好的保护作用,且有广泛的应用前景。文中分析了高温远红外辐射涂料的节能原理、特点。介绍了高温远红外辐射涂料在工业炉上节能应用的效果。     

浅谈燃气辐射加热技术在海洋工程装备建造行业的应用

节能减排、绿色发展既是国家大政方针,也是企业降本增效、提升市场竞争力的有效手段。涂装车间燃气辐射加热技术,是我国船舶海工涂装生产工艺中一项国家推广的先进适用技术。燃气辐射加热系统是一种低强度电磁波(波长1～20μm)辐射加热系统,可将燃气内含热能转换为辐射热能,通过热辐射直接对结构物进行加热,从而取代传统对流加热方式以满足涂装工艺的温度要求。采用涂装车间燃气辐射加热技术,既可以为企业节约可观的生产成本,又可以取得明显的节能减排效果,在确保安全可靠的基础上,为企业低成本、绿色可持续发展起到积极推动作用。     

辐射吊顶空调系统的研究与应用

介绍一种新型空调系统形式——供冷、供热辐射吊项空调系统。阐述辐射吊顶空调系统的结构形式和特点,通过实验测试研究和工程应用实践表明,辐射吊顶系统可以满足采暖和制冷的要求。     

柴油机气缸内热辐射研究方法的探讨

作者从气缸内热辐射模型和实验两个方面探讨了气缸内辐射研究的方法。综述了气缸内热辐射理论和实验技术的进展,提出了气缸内辐射研究朝着多维化方向发展。     

高温辐射涂料在加热炉上的应用

本文在介绍高温辐射涂料节能机理及性能的基础上，详述了高温辐射涂料在线材加热炉上的应用情况和使用效果。其中包括高温辐射涂料的节能机理，化学组成及物理性能。作者认为，高温辐射涂料能强化炉内传热、提高炉窑热效率、节约能源、且能延长炉体使用寿命。     

A simple criterion for estimating the effect of pressure gradients during hydrogen absorption in a hydride reactor

Owing to the numerous coupled phenomena which occur during the loading with hydrogen of a metal hydride reactor, numerical simulations of such systems are very time consuming. Neglecting the fluid flow can reduce significantly the computing time, but it can lead to a wrong estimation of the hydriding time. This paper suggests a criterion which allows to quantify the error which is made when the fluid flow is neglected. It assumes conductive transfer controls the local evolution of hydridation in the reactor. Based on simple equations linking hydriding velocity to pressure and temperature, this study compares the solutions obtained with and without the gas flow. Using a finite volume numerical simulation, the validity of the criterion which is derived is checked on three classical tank geometries: it is shown that the criterion is independent of the tank geometry providing typical length scales can be defined for heat and gas diffusion. Finally, this criterion is successfully applied to an experimental magnesium hydride tank and its numerical modeling.     

Study of the Thermal Behavior of Multi Tube Tank in Heat Recovery from Chimney—Analysis and Optimization

This work discusses the utilization of multi tube tank heat exchanger for waste heat recovery. The thermal behavior of the system is studied in order to understand the contribution of the different heat transfer modes governing the system. As application, heating water in residential application from chimney heat recovery is considered. A prototype illustrating the suggested system is implemented and tested. Different waste heat scenarios by varying the quantity of burned firewood (heat input) are experimented. The temperature at different parts of the system and the gas flow rates of the exhaust pipes are measured. Measurements showed that the temperature of 95 L tank of water can be increased by 68°C within one hour. Obtained results show that the convection and radiation exchanges at the bottom surface of the tank have a considerable impact on the total heat transfer rate of the water (as high as 70%). Moreover, the proposed system allows saving 9.8 L of gasoline, 10.6 L of diesel or 15 kg of wood for 12 hours of chimney operation.     

大力发展介入放射学,造福人民

文中对近期国内外在燃料炉热工技术方面的进展从炉子理论、燃烧技术、炉内传热、余热回收、耐火纤维应用以及计算机控制等方面进行了归纳和论述,重点是国内燃料炉节能方面的成就。文中指出,炉子热过程理论向着定量化和系统优化方向发展,在燃烧技术方面除了煤气和重油燃烧器外还介绍了国内在烧煤技术方面的成就。在炉内传热方面,论文从传热原理一般公式出发,对于采用的辐射和对流传热强化措施进行了归纳和分析,在其它方面列举了主要的技术进步和发展趋势。     

Heat transfer analysis of solar-driven high-temperature thermochemical reactor using NiFe-Aluminate RPCs

Converting solar energy efficiently into hydrogen is a promising way for renewable fuels technology. However, high-temperature heat transfer enhancement of solar thermochemical process is still a pertinent challenge for solar energy conversion into fuels. In this paper, high-temperature heat transfer enhancement accounting for radiation, conduction, and convection heat transfer in porous-medium reactor filled with application in hydrogen generation has been investigated. NiFe-Aluminate porous media is synthesized and used as solar radiant absorber and redox material. Experiments combined with numerical models are performed for analyzing thermal characteristics and chemical changes in solar receiver. The reacting medium is most heated by radiation heat transfer and higher temperature distribution is observed in the region exposed to high radiation heat flux. Heat distribution, O₂ and H₂ yield in the reacting medium are facilitated by convective reactive gas moving through the medium's pores. The temperature gradient caused by thermal transition at fluid-solid interface could be more decreased as much as the reaction chamber can store the transferred high-temperature heat flux. However, thermal losses due to radiation flux lost at the quartz glass are obviously inevitable.     

Dynamic model of a solar thermochemical water-splitting reactor with integrated energy collection and storage

Water-splitting solar thermochemical cycles are important in meeting the challenges of global climate change and limited fossil fuels. However, solar radiation varies in availability, leading to unsteady state operation. We propose a solar receiver-reactor with integrated energy collection and storage. The reactor consists of a double-pipe heat exchanger placed at the focal line of a parabolic trough solar concentrator. Molten salt passes through the jacket, absorbing energy from the irradiated outer surface while driving the endothermic oxygen production step of the copper-chlorine water-splitting cycle in the reactor bore. Excess energy is stored in a thermal storage tank to buffer the reactor from changes in insolation. Dynamic simulation indicates that the reactor can sustain steady 100% conversion during 24/7 operation with a reasonable plant layout. The technology employed is extant and mature. This is important in view of the urgency to reduce dependency upon fossil fuels as primary energy sources.     

A new type of phase change heat storage tank in solar energy combination system

介绍了一种新型笼屉式相变蓄热水箱,通过实验测试对比分析相变蓄热水箱与普通蓄热水箱对太阳能组合系统的太阳能保证率及系统能效比的影响。实验表明：同等水箱容积,使用相变蓄热水箱时太阳能集热系统的小时集热量为普通蓄热水箱的3.7倍,相变蓄热水箱有利于提高太阳能保证率及系统能效比。在太阳能辐照强度相似的情况下,相变蓄热水箱会使太阳能保证率平均提高72%,使系统能效比平均提高26%。同时相变蓄热水箱可减少夜间水箱上部的热损失,使水箱上部水温降减少50%。     

TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF AN OPTICAL FIBER TRAVERSING THROUGH A CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION REACTOR

A fundamental understanding of how reactor parameters influence the fiber surface temperature is essential to manufacturing high-quality optical fiber coatings by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In an attempt to understand this process better, a finite-volume model has been developed to study the gas flow and heat transfer of an optical fiber as it travels through a CVD reactor. This study showed that draw speed significantly affects fiber temperature inside the reactor, with temperature changes over 50% observed under the conditions studied. Other parameters affecting fiber temperature include fiber radius, fiber coating emissivity, and gas flow velocity at inlet. Multiple heat transfer modes contribute to these phenomena, with convection and radiation heat transfer dominating the process. The numerical model is validated against analytical cases.     

空气源热泵热水器在寒冷地区冬季的能效分析

对一台家用空气源热泵热水器进行冬季性能测试,研究室外空气温度、水箱温度不同时机组性能变化。基于测试数据分析影响机组性能的敏感因素,依据所得天津地区实测数据分析其冬季平均能效。结果表明：COP最低为1.30,具有节能效果;保证用水舒适度及机组运行稳定的情况下,45 ℃为水箱最佳设定温度;室外空气温度偏移较水箱平均温度偏移对系统性能更敏感;测试工况下热泵机组单独工作和启动电辅加热时全冬季的平均能效相差甚微,若用户设定机组在日最高温度时段开启加热,能获得更好的节能效果。     

烧结余热回收竖式炉内气体流动和传热的数值模拟

运用数值模拟的方法,通过求解非线性联立的质量、动量、能量及组分守恒偏微分方程组,借助多物理场祸合软件Comsol和模拟软件FLUENT模拟出竖式炉内气体流动,换热特性以及料层阻力特性。模拟结果表明:冷却段高度是影响竖式炉内气固流动换热的因素之一,高度增加,烧结矿温度降低,冷却风的温度升高,空气出口携带火用值先增加后趋于平缓,气固比也影响着竖式炉内气体流动和换热,气固比增加,烧结矿的出口温度和循环空气的平均出口温度逐渐降低,热空气携带的火用值先增加后减小;竖式炉直径也是影响因素之一,但相比于冷却高度和气固比影响不是很大。由模拟的结果给出的冷却段高度为7 m,气固比1 400 m~3/t,竖式炉直径12 m时,竖式炉炉内的气固换热最强,与现场实际的结构参数和操作参数比较吻合。     

太阳能地面采暖系统蓄热水箱容积分析

通过分析太阳能采暖系统所需蓄热鼍与建筑热负荷、太阳能集热量日变化规律之间的关系,得出太阳能采暖系统所需蓄热水箱容积的理论算式.根据拉萨、银川、西宁、西安等地的太阳辐射强度及建筑热负荷的日变化规律,模拟得出系统所需蓄热量变化规律;并对各种蓄热温差下对应的蓄热水箱容积进行了模拟分析,结果表明:太阳能采暖系统所需蓄热量随太阳集热器的集热量与建筑热负荷之间的差值增大而增加;蓄热水箱容积随蓄热温差增大而减小,当蓄热水温达到80℃时,在各种地面采暖系统取水温度下,单位集热器面积所需蓄热水箱容积趋于相等.