Strategies for adding features to CAD models in order to optimize performance

This paper presents an approach which enables new parameters to be added to a CAD model for optimization purposes. It aims to remove a common roadblock to CAD based optimization, where the parameterization of the model does not offer the shape sufficient flexibility for a truly optimized shape to be created. A technique has been developed which uses adjoint based sensitivity maps to predict the sensitivity of performance to the addition to a model of four different feature types, allowing the feature providing the greatest benefit to be selected. The optimum position to add the feature is also discussed. It is anticipated that the approach could be used to iteratively add features to a model, providing greater flexibility to the shape of the model, and allowing the newly-added parameters to be used as design variables in a subsequent shape optimization.     

合作学习在中职信息教学中的应用

合作学习理论作为一种新的学习理念已经被广泛地运用到各类学校的学习当中,经过不断地实践检验取得了不错的效果。将合作学习的相关理论运用到实践能力要求较高中职信息技术教学中,不仅可以增强学生的学习能力,通过合作学习培养学生之间互相帮助、共同进步的精神,提高他们信息技术学习的水平,还可以培养他们的团队精神,适应将来的就业需要。     

How practice produces suboptimal heuristics that render backup instruments ineffective

The operation of machines typically requires attention to instruments that signal the state of the machine. One safeguard against primary instrument malfunction is to provide backup instruments, but this works only if the operators react to malfunction by switching attention to the backups. Little is known about the effect of negative outcomes or feedback on allocation of attention to backup instruments. Four experiments demonstrated that prior practice causes operators of a simulated machine to adapt to instrument malfunction by changing to a suboptimal decision rule rather than by reallocating attention to a different set of instruments. This fallacy appears linked to the operators' failures to notice feedback that they should switch during the simulations and operators' failures to correctly interpret outcome feedback following the simulations. The results raise theoretical questions and warn interface designers not to overrate backup instruments.     

How practice produces suboptimal heuristics that render backup instruments ineffective

The operation of machines typically requires attention to instruments that signal the state of the machine. One safeguard against primary instrument malfunction is to provide backup instruments, but this works only if the operators react to malfunction by switching attention to the backups. Little is known about the effect of negative outcomes or feedback on allocation of attention to backup instruments. Four experiments demonstrated that prior practice causes operators of a simulated machine to adapt to instrument malfunction by changing to a suboptimal decision rule rather than by reallocating attention to a different set of instruments. This fallacy appears linked to the operators' failures to notice feedback that they should switch during the simulations and operators' failures to correctly interpret outcome feedback following the simulations. The results raise theoretical questions and warn interface designers not to overrate backup instruments.     

基于状态表决的大规模数据库在线更新算法

目前,数据库为了保证运行安全需要进行在线更新,由于大量的数据要在短时间之内完成加载,那么计算机很难直接对其表决。针对这种问题,我们提出针对数据库的实时状态表决,而不是对数据库直接表决,并基于这种表决方法设计出相应的算法,有效解决数据量过大的问题。     

基于混合战略博弈的P2P激励机制

针对P2P系统中的搭便车问题,提出了一种基于混合策略博弈的激励机制。将信誉值作为激励节点贡献资源和提供服务的基础,节点是否能获得服务也是与节点当前信誉值成比例的,节点只能通过提供服务来增加其信誉值。同时节点是否响应服务请求是以某一概率来进行的,通过调节该概率来有效的激励节点提供服务。仿真实验表明,节点在经过一段时间的博弈之后,其响应次数和请求次数基本相等,提高了节点在系统中的参与度。     

Naturalistic decision-making in expert badminton players

This paper reports on a study of naturalistic decision-making in expert badminton players. These decisions are frequently taken under time-pressured conditions, yet normally lead to successful performance. Two male badminton teams participated in this study. Self-confrontation interviews were used to collect data. Inductive data analysis revealed three types of intentions during a rally: to maintain the rally; to take the advantage; and to finish the point. It also revealed eight types of decision taken in this situation: to ensure an action; to observe the opponent's response to an action; to realize a limited choice; to influence the opponent's decision; to put pressure on an opponent; to surprise the opponent; to reproduce an efficient action; and to play wide. A frequent decision was to put pressure on the opponent. Different information and knowledge was linked to specific decisions. The results are discussed in relation to research that has considered naturalistic decision-making.     

Naturalistic decision-making in expert badminton players

This paper reports on a study of naturalistic decision-making in expert badminton players. These decisions are frequently taken under time-pressured conditions, yet normally lead to successful performance. Two male badminton teams participated in this study. Self-confrontation interviews were used to collect data. Inductive data analysis revealed three types of intentions during a rally: to maintain the rally; to take the advantage; and to finish the point. It also revealed eight types of decision taken in this situation: to ensure an action; to observe the opponent's response to an action; to realize a limited choice; to influence the opponent's decision; to put pressure on an opponent; to surprise the opponent; to reproduce an efficient action; and to play wide. A frequent decision was to put pressure on the opponent. Different information and knowledge was linked to specific decisions. The results are discussed in relation to research that has considered naturalistic decision-making.     

Would I lie to you? Self-serving lies and other-oriented lies told across different media

This study set out to investigate the type of media individuals are more likely to tell self-serving and other-oriented lies, and whether this varied according to the target of the lie. One hundred and fifty participants rated on a likert-point scale how likely they would tell a lie. Participants were more likely to tell self-serving lies to people not well-known to them. They were more likely to tell self-serving lies in email, followed by phone, and finally face-to-face. Participants were more likely to tell other-oriented lies to individuals they felt close to and this did not vary according to the type media. Participants were more likely to tell harsh truths to people not well-known to them via email.     

Development of a strategic research plan for an academic department through the use of quality function deployment

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a popular approach for formalizing the process of listening to “the voice of the customer,” and assigning responsibilities to members of an organization in an effort to respond effectively to customer needs, QFD is being used by the Department of Industrial Engineering at Mississippi State University to help identify key customers for departmental research efforts, to identify and track the research needs of those customers, to fashion a comprehensive strategic plan for departmental research activities based on customer needs, to deploy various research functions and responsibilities to specific faculty members or groups, and to track research performance relative to goals. This approach appears to be an excellent means of formalizing the process of strategic research planning.     

Design, fabrication, and testing of silicon microgimbals forsuper-compact rigid disk drives

This paper documents results related to design optimization, fabrication process refinement, and micron-level static/dynamic testing of silicon micromachined microgimbals that have applications in super-compact computer disk drives as well as many other engineering applications of microstructures and microactuators requiring significant out-of-plane motions. The objective of the optimization effort is to increase the in-plane to out-of-plane stiffness ratio in order to maximize compliance and servo bandwidth and to increase the displacement to strain ratio to maximize the shock resistance of the microgimbals, while that of the process modification effort is to simplify in order to reduce manufacturing cost. The testing effort is to characterize both the static and dynamic performance using precision instrumentation in order to compare various prototype designs     

集群负载均衡--CSM的实现

对于现在的互联网络通信状况,负载均衡显示其越来越多的重要性,通常实现负载均衡是使用软件并结合相应的算法,该文所描述的是利用Cisco公司的CSM模块来实现安全可靠的负载均衡,CSM模块将客户机的请求分发到不同的虚拟服务器,配合Cisco MSFC模块并合理地进行DNS的配置,实现网络服务的负载均衡。简要介绍了CSM模块的工作原理,如何配置DNS,如何设置虚拟主服务器,以及如何对系统CSM模块进行设置做了描述。     

高职院校计算机应用能力培养模式研究

为了能更好地为社会培养应用型人才,从多方面对计算机应用能力这门课程做一定的教改研究,旨在能够提高学生的操作能力,更好更快地适应社会。     

Closest assignment constraints and location models: Properties and structure

Formulations of location-allocation models must address the assignment of demand to facilities. Many models allow demand to be assigned to a non-closest facility. However, many applications exist where closest assignment (CA) is preferred. Several types of constraints have been introduced over the last 25 years to force CA. The objectives of this paper are to identify applications for closest assignment constraints, to review previous work, to propose necessary improvements to one of the major CA constraints, and to offer a comparison of the different integer-linear approaches to CA. In addition, new constraints are presented that are designed to ensure equal allocations in the event of equidistant closest facilities. We also note, as have previous researchers, that “closest assignment” generalizes to “most preferred” assignment with no alterations to constraint structures.     

A luddite in cyberland,or how to avoid being snared by the web

Advocates of the World Wide Web speak in glowing terms of its ability to provide greater access to information resources and to promote active reading and learning. Furthermore, students are now encouraged to construct Web pages, using hypertext as an alternative to traditional linear written documents. Although the ability to navigate the Web and to construct Web pages is not without merit, instructors who emphasize these skills are likely to sacrifice the stated objectives of most composition programs: to help students learn to write clear, coherent prose, to read critically and analytically, and to conduct meaningful research.     

Virtual surfaces and the influence of cues to surface shape on grasp

This research compared grasps to real surfaces with grasps to virtual surfaces, and used virtual surfaces to examine the role of cues to surface shape in grasp. The first experiment investigated the kinematics of overhand grasps to real and virtual objects. The results showed that, compared with grasps to real surfaces, grasps to virtual objects were different in the deceleration phase of the grasp movement and were more variable in their endpoint position. The second experiment used several measures to examine the relationship between the visual perception of a surface and the decision to grasp the surface with either an over-or underhand grasp. It was found that visual perception of the surface was consistent with the grasping decision. The third experiment used virtual surfaces to examine how the removal of visual cues to shape affected the decision to switch from over- to underhand grasp. Results showed that the orientation at which the decision switched was dependent on the visual information content. Overall, the results showed that subtle differences existed between the reach to grasp movements towards real and virtual surfaces and that the decision to choose between grasp types was dependent on the visual information used to depict the virtual surface. These results are discussed in relation to the design and use of input devices to enable manipulation of three-dimensional objects in virtual worlds.     

A self-adaptation scheme for workflow management in multi-agent systems

Business processes, operational environment, variability of resources and user needs may change from time to time. An effective workflow management software system must be able to accommodate these changes. The ability to dynamically adapt to changes is a key success factor for workflow management systems. Holonic multi-agent systems (HMS) provide a flexible and reconfigurable architecture to accommodate changes based on dynamic organization and collaboration of autonomous agents. Although HMS provides a potential architecture to accommodate changes, the dynamic organization formed in HMS poses a challenge in the development of a new software development methodology to dynamically compose the services and adapt to changes as needed. This motivates us to study and propose a methodology to design self-adaptive software systems based on the HMS architecture. In this paper, we formulate a workflow adaptation problem (WAP) and propose an interaction mechanism based on contract net protocol (CNP) to find a solution to WAP to compose the services based on HMS. The interaction mechanism relies on a service publication and discovery scheme to find a set of task agents and a set of actor agents to compose the required services in HMS. We propose a viable self-adaptation scheme to reconfigure the agents and the composed services based on cooperation of agents in HMS to accommodate the changes in workflow and capabilities of actors. We propose architecture for our design methodology and present an application scenario to illustrate our idea.     

应用S7-300 PLC实现混凝土养护过程中温度量的模糊控制

养护是混凝土制品生产的一个重要环节,根据养护过程中温度变化过程的专家经验和模糊控制理论为设计依据,应用西门子S7—300PLC控制设备,实现养护过程温度变化过程的合理控制。对目前高效的蒸汽养护混凝土方式的温度量控制进行了探索与应用,在实践中证实了这种养护方式的良好性能。     

一种基于元组空间的智能传感器协同感知机制

随着具有一定计算能力和无线通信能力的智能传感器(称为mote)的出现,越来越多的物联网应用可以实现对环境及其变化的就地感知、就地决策和就地反应.但因为mote的感知能力和感知范围有限,它们需要协同感知才能更全面地感知环境的状态,才能更好地适应环境的变化.而传统的mote协同感知的实现方法要求开发人员过多地关注mote之间的交互逻辑,并且mote应用也无法适应复杂环境的不断变化.为了避免开发人员在交互逻辑上花费过多的精力,同时保障开发出来的mote应用系统能够适应不稳定的外界环境,提出了一种基于元组空间的mote协同感知支撑机制,使得mote之间的协同感知过程(包括交互的建立过程以及对环境变化的适应过程)对开发人员完全透明.最后实现了一个简单的应用场景,展示了该方法如何满足功能需求以及在环境发生变化时如何对环境进行适应.     

The Content Control That Wasn't: Two Years of the Online Services Amendment

The stated aims of the Broadcasting Services Amendment (Online Services) Act were to provide a means for addressing complaints about Internet content, to restrict access to Internet content likely to cause offence to a reasonable adult and to protect children from exposure to Internet content unsuitable for them. However, two years after the Amendment took effect, it can be seen that while some marginal changes may have occurred, in reality the Act has failed to regulate or control Internet content or Australians' access to it. It may, however, have met other objectives attributed to the Government--for example, appeasing community concern by giving the appearance that action had been taken to control 'problematic' Internet content while not overly burdening the Australian Internet industry.