基于AUTOFORM模拟的顶盖前边梁加强板热冲压工艺

目的 研究顶盖前边梁加强板热冲压成形过程中不同参数对零件成形的影响规律,为生产提供技术指导。方法 通过AUTOFORM模拟零件热成形过程,并对模拟结果对比分析,得到了板料尺寸、成形温度、保压时间、成形压力、冷却时间等工艺参数对成形性能的影响。结果 优化了板料尺寸及板料定位,并通过调节模具间隙保证了零件的成形性,得到零件最大减薄率小于15%,平均抗拉强度达到1450 MPa,平均硬度达到HV475,从而确定了顶盖前边梁加强板的热冲压工艺。结论 结合此有限元分析方法试制出抗拉强度大于1450 MPa的合格零件,为此类零件批量化生产提供理论依据。     

韧性断裂准则在高强钢板料成形中的应用

 针对板料成形中的韧性断裂准则预测成形极限的方法,进行了综述和分析,提出了利用韧性断裂准则能够较好地预测塑性差的板料成形极限,而且还能考虑应变路径的变化．将Cockroft和Latham准则应用到高强度钢板DP590的成形预测中．对高强钢DP590进行了单向拉伸试验,获得了相应的物性参数．同时对该高强钢进行了方盒件成形试验,并进行了相应的有限元模拟．通过对高强钢的极限试验,利用有限元模拟获得了该材料的Cockroft和Latham准则常数．最后利用该常数对方盒件的拉深过程进行了缺陷的预测,模拟结果和试验结果完全吻合．表明韧性断裂准则是可以应用到高强度钢板的成形中的．     

超高强钢 QP980 液压成形 B 柱仿真及试验研究

目的研究超高强钢QP980液压成形汽车B柱的可成形性。方法基于Autoform有限元模拟软件,仿真对比了宝钢第三代超高强钢QP980及当前广泛应用的DP980超高强钢液压成形B柱的可成形性,通过试验试制了QP980液压成形B柱,并与仿真结果进行对比。结果在相同工艺条件下,QP980具有较高安全裕度,DP980具有开裂风险,采用2种材料模拟壁厚减薄率及回弹趋势一致,DP980壁厚减薄率大于QP980,QP980回弹大于DP980;QP980液压成形B柱模拟及试验对比显示,壁厚减薄率和回弹变化趋势一致,试验壁厚减薄率大于模拟,样件实际回弹小于模拟,QP980液压成形B柱实测最大壁厚减薄率7.6%,一端施加约束,另一端回弹约6 mm。结论超高强钢QP980液压成形B柱成形性良好,满足零件性能要求。     

高精度超高强钢长滑轨辊压制造技术

目的解决超高强钢辊压成形过程中回弹大、尺寸精度差、材料利用率低、生产效率低等问题,生产出高精度的超高强钢长滑轨产品,以满足市场需求。方法从截面形状、尺寸精度及冲孔要求三方面,对以DP980超高强钢材料成形的典型的滑轨产品进行了技术分析,针对该产品特性重点设计了冲孔方案,采用三步质量控制法对产品的成形过程及辊压模具设计进行了优化,最后采取多种方法对产品质量进行了全面检测。结果实际制造完成后的产品检测表明,通过优化模具设计及调整现场工艺,最终生产出的长滑轨各项指标均满足图纸要求,解决了超高强钢材料的成形难题。结论在超高强钢材料及尺寸较长产品的成形制造中,辊压成形技术相比其他成形工艺更加具有优势。     

汽车用先进高强钢的应用现状和发展方向

阐述了先进高强钢板汽车零部件在减重、安全方面的优势,介绍了先进高强钢在汽车工业的应用现状,简单阐述了先进高强钢的成形工艺——热冲压成形工艺研究,指出了先进高强钢热冲压成形过程中遇到的主要问题,探讨了先进高强钢未来的发展趋势。     

基于零件应用的第3代高强钢——QP钢的成形特性

目的研究第3代高强钢——QP钢在实际零件上应用涉及的成形特性问题。方法通过微观组织分析、单向拉伸、成形极限、V形弯曲回弹等试验,分析探讨了QP钢的力学性能、成形性能、成形极限和弯曲特性,并与广泛应用的DP钢对比。结果 QP钢HC600/980QP的成形性能好于相同强度级别的DP钢HC550/980DP,与HC420/780DP相当;QP钢弯曲回弹量比同等强度级别DP钢大。通过2个试冲零件的分析,验证了QP的成形特性,并从零件应用角度提出了QP钢的零件适用范围和零件设计要点。结论 QP钢具有综合的强度和塑性性能,有助于解决局部特征复杂的难成形零件和具有等截面特征的零件,在汽车车身结构件上有较大的应用前景。     

热压成形在车身上的典型应用与研究

依托于新车型的开发,基于热压成形特性及零部件性能要求,选取某车型B柱加强板进行热压成形技术的可行性分析.通过分析热成形钢的材料及工艺特性,考察采用热成形钢后的B柱加强板侧碰过程中的侵入量、侵入速度、车体加速度以及顶部加压性能的优劣势,提出了结构优化方向,归纳了热压成形技术的关键点.分析结果表明,应用热压车型技术对工程化影响不大,可实现白车身轻量化效果并可大大提升白车身侧碰被动安全性能.     

汽车翼子板零件的成形与工艺分析

通过对汽车翼子板零件投料冲压试验,对零件进行了应变测试分析,评价试验钢板的成形效果,分析了冲压工艺、表面粗糙度和板厚等条件对零件冲压生产的影响,得到翼子板零件的最佳用材方案及冲压工艺条件.     

汽车前围板冲压数值模拟及工艺参数优化

针对汽车覆盖件冲压过程变形复杂的特点,对某型号汽车前围板零件拉深过程进行数值模拟,分析压边力及拉延筋的变化对该零件成形效果的影响.通过成形极限图优化压边力及拉延筋,最终获取该零件拉深工序合适的工艺参数,为汽车覆盖件冲压工艺提供快速、有效的设计方法.     

基于 AUTOFORM 的汽车前围横梁连接板的数值分析与实验研究

目的分析汽车前围横梁连接板的冲压成形过程。方法以板料成形非线性分析软件AUTOFORM为平台,对汽车前围横梁连接板的冲压成形过程进行CAE分析。根据模拟结果(成形极限图、材料流动分布及材料变薄率),对拉延型面及工艺参数进行了优化。结果所得零件材料最大减薄率为14.6%,在B340LA(t=1.0 mm)材质减薄率安全范围内(16.9%),零件型面球化处角部无暗伤及拉裂,翻边处材料流动均匀,无开裂风险,成形结果得到大大改善。结论 CAE仿真能够预测零件成形过程中存在的缺陷,优化工艺参数,指导模具设计工作。最后将优化结果用于指导实际生产,得到了符合质量要求的零件。     

高强钢变厚板汽车B柱热成形数值模拟及主要参数分析

目的 研究热成形过程中冲压件温度场、应力场的变化规律,探究主要工艺参数对冲压件成形的影响规律。方法 利用Abaqus软件建立热力耦合模型,对汽车B柱的热冲压成形过程进行数值模拟,分析板料及模具的温度和应力变化,确定主要工艺参数对冲压件的影响规律,利用得到的规律指导B柱模具的设计与制造,最后对B柱进行冲压试验。结果 在热成形前的物料转移阶段,板材厚度差的存在使过渡区产生了温度梯度和内应力的变化;在热成形阶段,以减薄率为评判标准,确定了摩擦因数为0.35、冲压速度为100 mm/s时B柱的成形效果最好;对B柱的成形结果进行了分析,由局部减薄率的变化得到了模具缺陷的位置,由过渡区的偏移量得到了模具等厚区的长度,由板材温度变化确定了最佳保压时间为8 s。结论 基于Abaqus软件,构建了B柱的热冲压有限元模型,对板材出炉至成形结束阶段进行了数值模拟与分析,在此基础上对B柱制件进行了冲压试验,发现制件的质量缺陷明显减少,对制件的指定点进行了面检测,合格率达到了95.83%,表明了分析结果的可靠性,同时也验证了有限元分析的准确性。     

A Comparative Study on the Production of a Hat Profile by Roll Forming and Stamping

Lightweight design using high-strength aluminum alloys has gained importance due to the continuing need for weight reduction and increasing crash safety requirements in the automotive industry. There are various manufacturing processes available for processing high-strength aluminum alloys. Herein, the production of high-strength aluminum parts by roll forming and stamping based on the example of an AA7075-T6 hat profile is compared. Roll forming represents a continuous manufacturing process, while stamping is a discontinuous process. Different process routes (T6, W-Temper and O) for roll forming as well as for stamping (T6, W-Temper, O and hot forming) are in focus of the investigation. Fundamental differences of the forming processes and the tempering condition are observed and criteria for the choice of the manufacturing process and process route are presented. The temperature-supported process routes improve the poor cold formability of AA7075 alloy and thus enhance the process window. Potential is offered for both manufacturing processes by applying tailored properties achieved through targeted quenching.     

Formability prediction of high-strength steel sheet using experimental,analytical and theoretical analysis based on strain and stress forming limit curves and its application to automotive forming parts

In this work, the high-strength steel (HSS) sheet dual-phase 440 (DP440) were conducted to establish the forming limit curve (FLC) and analytical forming limit stress curve (FLSC) obtained from experimental forming limit curve. First, the Nakajima stretch forming examination was carried out to obtain forming limit curve of investigated sheet. Afterwards, the theoretical Marciniak–Kuczinsky (M–K) model was developed and calculated to evaluate localized necking limits both in strain and stress spaces combination with anisotropic yield criteria. Then, the analytical forming limit stress curves were plastically calculated by using experimental forming limit curve data combination with Swift hardening model and anisotropic yield criteria namely, Hill’48 and Yld2000-2d for representing anisotropic plastic deformation behavior on examined steel sheet. Finally, automotive stamping parts were performed in order to verify an applicability of all developed curves. It was observed that the analytical forming limit stress curves could more precisely predict the formability of automotive parts better than the forming limit curve based on strain. Particularly, the one based on Yld2000-2d predict better than the one based on Hill’48. Simultaneously, the experimental forming limit curve and analytical forming limit stress curve were also evaluated comparing with the theoretical calculated forming limit curve and forming limit stress curve using the Marciniak–Kuczinsky model. It should be noted again that the experimental forming limit curve and analytical forming limit stress curve are the best one. Therefore, the Yld2000-2d yield function better represented the anisotropic behavior of the high-strength steel sheet dual-phase 440 than Hill′ 48 yield function, and can suitable be used for the analysis prediction and design of bumper automotive parts under forming processes.     

Numerical simulation of hot stamping of quenchable boron steel

Quenchable boron steel is a new type of ultra-high-strength steel used for automotive parts to reduce the weight of automobiles and maintain the safety requirements. On the basis of experimental data of mechanics and thermal physical properties, a material model under hot stamping condition of quenchable steel was set up, and the numerical simulation to the whole hot stamping process of hot forming, quenching and spring-back of bending parts was made with ABAQUS software. The results show that the springback of hot stamping parts increases when the blank-holder force (BHF) decreases; and it increases when the clearance between punch and dies increases and when the die radius increases. The simulation results are basically in agreement with experimental results.     

基于孔隙控制的车身结构树脂传递模塑成型工艺设计

以典型车身结构B柱为研究对象,结合实验与仿真分析研究其树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺的优化设计方法。研究了通过注射方式的优化控制树脂流动前沿,从而达到降低制件孔隙率和保证制件质量的目的。首先通过自制的变厚度渗透率测试模具获取所选用织物的渗透率,之后通过真空辅助RTM实验与对应模拟仿真进行对比分析来验证所采用仿真方法与渗透率数据的可靠性。最后结合充模周期与孔隙率控制理论对RTM工艺注射口分布及注射方式进行优化设计。结果表明,针对所选定车身结构,优化速率注射方式所获得的制件孔隙率最低,但充模周期较长,而基于双点注射的恒流量注射方式能较好地兼顾充模周期与制件孔隙率的要求。     

左前门防撞梁冲压成形数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟技术可以在模具设计初期预测产品的成形质量,从而优化工艺参数以便获得高质量的成品。以eta/DYNAFORM有限元分析软件为平台,对某轿车左前门防撞梁不同工艺参数下的拉延成形过程进行了数值模拟,得出了相应的成形极限图。重点探讨了压边力和拉延筋的设置对起皱和未充分拉深区域的影响,得出了较好的解决方案。     

B550CL高强钢轮辐反拉深-翻边复合成形损伤开裂研究

针对高强钢汽车轮辐在实际生产过程中经常出现反拉深-翻边复合工序中中心孔翻边开裂这一问题,采用有限元数值模拟的方法,建立了有限元模型,并通过试制轮辐验证其可靠性.模拟获得了新型高强钢材料B550CL在用于轮辐翻边成形时的应力应变的分布和变化规律,并进一步对轮辐的损伤和壁厚分布情况进行了分析.研究表明:反拉深-翻边复合工序中翻边区在成形过程中应力应变集中明显,变形量较大;同时,材料的损伤和壁厚减薄在翻边区域也比较严重,导致实际成形中翻边区可能出现开裂等缺陷.     

Analysis of manufacturing effects on fatigue failure of an automotive component using finite element methods

In this study, the fatigue life of an automotive suspension component was analysed using finite element methods with regard to stamping and welding effects. Because automotive suspension components are produced by forming and welding sheet metal, there are various effects on the final product, such as uneven thickness distribution, residual stresses and weld notches. Manufacturing effects may change the mechanical performance of the automotive components; therefore, it is desirable to consider these effects in the early design stage. Residual stresses due to work hardening and thermal deformation were investigated through process simulation. The redistribution and relaxation of residual stresses in a component were investigated in fatigue life analysis under a cyclic loading condition. Various equivalent relaxation curves were investigated and one was selected after comparisons with test results. The fatigue simulation results were compared to the test results; a good correlation between the two was achieved for the residual stress effects in terms of life cycles and failure locations. The simulation results also show that welding produces more detrimental effects than stamping with regard to the fatigue life of a component.     

The limit drawing ratio and formability prediction of advanced high strength dual-phase steels

Dual phase (DP) steels, being among advanced high-strength steels (AHSS), have been successfully used in the sheet metal stamping of automotive components for its great benefit in reducing vehicle weight while improving car safety. In their practical application, one of the major challenges is related to formability prediction of onset crack. This paper first conducts limiting drawing ratio (LDR) experiments to identify the maximum blank diameter of SPFC340, DP600, DP800 and DP1000 with onset crack. The fracture modes of these four types of blanks are then compared and classified into two categories: necking crack and shear crack. Further for DP1000, appropriate hardening formula is determined to fit the flow curve derived by the tensile test. Three yielding models (Hill-48, Batlat-89 and Banabic-2005) are compared with each other in the numerical simulation of DP1000 LDR onset crack. The investigation shows that a Swift and Hockett–Sherby combined formula is in good agreement with the flow curve of the tensile test and Batlat-89 yield model successfully predicts the onset shear crack of DP AHSS.