微细电火花放电通道自身磁场仿真研究

针对微细电火花加工中放电通道等离子体电流沿电极轴向产生较强的环向磁场问题,以放电等离子体理论和麦克斯韦方程为基础,基于假设,建立了放电通道自身磁场的物理模型。结合放电通道自身磁场形式和磁场分布的特点,从静磁场微分方程出发,给出了该物理模型的理论求解方法,并应用Ansoft Maxwell有限元分析软件,对微细电火花放电通道的磁场分布和磁场强度进行了仿真分析,得到了放电通道自身磁场特性的变化规律,以及微细电火花加工工艺参数对放电通道等离子体自身磁场强度的影响规律。     

PZT激励同步压缩放电通道微细电火花加工工艺参数对加工结果的影响

提出了压电陶瓷(piezoelectric ceramic transducer,PZT)激励同步压缩放电通道微细电火花加工,目的在于改善微细电火花加工的放电环境。介绍了PZT激励同步压缩放电通道微细电火花加工原理,研究了开路电压、脉冲宽度、脉冲频率和峰值电流对其电极损耗和材料去除率的影响,并与不采用压缩通道方法的微细电火花加工进行了对比。结果表明:同等条件下,采用PZT激励同步压缩放电通道技术,提高了加工过程的稳定性和材料去除率,降低了电极损耗率,有效改善了放电环境。     

微细电火花加工放电蚀除过程的分子动力学模拟研究

电火花加工的放电蚀除过程是在极短时间内和极微小空间内发生的,导致用观测和理论分析的方法进行研究都极其困难,因此其放电蚀除机理至今仍未能被明确的解释.论文应用分子动力学方法对微细电火花加工的放电蚀除过程和熔融区的形成及形状等进行了模拟研究,该研究基于放电通道变化的热源模型,并与放电通道恒定情况下的模拟结果进行了对比,证明...     

微细电火花加工放电凹坑形成及其表面变质层特性的分子动力学模拟研究

为从微观角度研究电火花加工蚀除机制,利用分子动力学方法,基于改进的能量输入方式,采用膨胀的高斯热源模型模拟电火花加工中放电通道的热作用,对微细电火花加工放电凹坑的形成过程和由熔融再凝固层及热影响层组成的表面变质层特性进行了仿真研究。     

放电通道的微观模拟及其物理性能研究

电火花加工机理研究的相对滞后在一定程度上制约了电火花加工技术的进一步发展;放电通道中带电粒子的运动特性、电磁特性及振荡性的研究是电火花加工机理研究中的重要组成部分.运用粒子模拟方法,对电火花加工放电通道中等离子体柱的形状及放电通道的电流、电磁特性进行了仿真模拟,仿真结果发现当放电通道达到平衡状态时,放电通道的负极为喇叭口形,中部为腰鼓形.最后分析了造成放电通道振荡的原因以及对放电加工效果的影响.     

基于PIC-MCC的纳米放电加工放电通道模拟及其机理研究

以纳米尺度放电加工为对象,采用粒子模拟法和蒙特卡罗碰撞模型(PIC-MCC),结合二次电子发射模型,对纳米级等离子体放电通道击穿过程的粒子运动、电磁场变化等情况进行模拟仿真,对比纳米尺度与传统微细尺度放电通道击穿过程的异同,讨论纳米尺度下放电加工的新特性,并对气体电离最佳击穿气压的存在性进行了验证。     

电火花加工放电介质的研究

通过对电火花加工放电通道中等离子体柱的形状和放电通道的电流、电磁特性进行分析,并对电火花加工中不同介质的加工性能进行对比和总结,提出电火花加工介质的技术研究方向应符合绿色制造和资源的可持续发展的理念。     

基于ANSYS的气中微细电火花沉积工艺参数的研究

通过选取合适的热源模型、热边界条件和放电通道半径等,建立了气中微细电火花沉积加工的热传导模型.利用ANSYS有限元分析系统,对单脉冲条件下的工具电极和工件的温度场进行数值模拟,并预测了其工艺参数.通过试验验证了该方法对预测气中微细电火花沉积工艺参数的适用性.     

超声振动辅助气体介质电火花加工放电通道的研究

综合考虑了超声振动和高压高速流动的气体介质对超声振动辅助气体介质电火花加工放电通道的影响，建立了超声振动辅助气体介质电火花放电通道位形平衡模型，并简要解释了放电通道特性对材料抛出过程的影响机理。     

场致射流微细放电加工实验研究

对场致射流微细放电加工单晶硅进行了工艺实验研究,分析在不同加工极性下的加工机理,发现在正极性加工时,蚀坑在工件表面存在电解液残留是由电火花蚀除和电化学蚀除共同作用的结果,而在充分放电的情形下,是由电火花放电来实现材料蚀除的;在负极性加工时,蚀坑仅仅是由电火花蚀除作用的结果。通过单因素实验获取喷管内径、极间距离、极间电压及工作液浓度对单次放电蚀坑直径的影响曲线,通过优化工艺参数在单晶硅表面加工出宽度为1μm、长度为5μm的微细沟槽。研究结果充分证明了场致射流微细放电加工的加工能力。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.