磷酸介质中甲酚红对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用

    用失重法研究了酸碱指示剂甲酚红对冷轧钢在1.0~10.0 mol/L H3PO4溶液中的缓蚀作用.结果表明：甲酚红对冷轧钢在1.0 mol/L H3PO4溶液中具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在钢表面的吸附符合Temkin吸附等温式,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但随磷酸浓度和温度的增加而减小.通过吸附理论和动力学公式求出了相应的吸附热力学及动力学参数,并根据这些参数详细讨论了缓蚀作用机理.     

季铵盐双子表面活性剂的缓蚀性能研究

采用自制的季铵盐双子表面活性剂1,6-二(癸烷基吗啉)己烷(HDMB)作为缓蚀剂,用失重及极化曲线研究了该表面活性剂在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀效果.失重结果表明:在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中HDMB对Q235钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,当浓度达到0.1 mmol/L时,缓蚀率趋于稳定.通过吸附理论、动力学和热力学公式得到相应的参数,并讨论了缓蚀作用机理;极化曲线法表明:HDMB为混合抑制型缓蚀剂.     

稀土离子和香兰素在H_2SO_4溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀协同效应

用失重法研究了四种稀土离子(La3+,Ce3+,Ce4+,Nd3+)和香兰素(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯甲醛)在1.0 mol/LH2SO4介质中对冷轧钢的缓蚀协同效应。结果表明,香兰素对冷轧钢有中等程度的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大;四种稀土离子对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用均较差,最大缓蚀率仅为20%左右。香兰素和稀土Ce4+复配后对冷轧钢产生了明显的缓蚀协同效应,最大缓蚀率可达95%左右;而与La3+,Ce3+和Nd3+复配后均无缓蚀协同效应。     

紫茎泽兰叶提取物作为冷轧钢在HCl中的缓蚀剂

用失重法和动电位极化曲线研究了紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophora Spreng.)叶提取物(EASLE)在1.0mol/L HCl溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀行为。结果表明:EASLE在HCl溶液中对钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的升高而降低。EASLE在钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,得出了吸附热力学参数(吸附焓ΔH0,吸附Gibbs自由能ΔG0,吸附熵ΔS0),并据此探讨了EASLE的吸附行为。动电位极化曲线表明,EASLE为混合抑制型缓蚀剂。     

芳香醛在磷酸中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用

用失重法和动电位极化曲线法研究了在3.0 mol/L H3PO4中三种芳香醛原儿茶醛(3,4-二羟基苯甲醛)、香兰醛(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯甲醛)和肉桂醛(3-苯基-丙烯醛)对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用.结果表明:三种芳香醛对钢的缓蚀率随芳香醛的浓度增加而增大,为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂,且在钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附校正模型;三种芳香醛的缓蚀率排序为:肉桂醛>香兰醛>原儿茶醛.     

L-苯丙氨酸对Q235钢在硫酸中的缓蚀作用

采用电化学方法,研究了L-苯丙氨酸对Q235钢在0.5mol/L H2SO4溶液中的缓蚀作用及缓蚀机理,分析了其缓蚀剂类型。结果表明:L-苯丙氨酸的缓蚀效率随浓度的增加而增大,而且随着温度的升高,Q235钢表面单个活性位点上吸附的缓蚀剂分子数量增加,缓蚀效率也增大;L-苯丙氨酸属于混合抑制型缓蚀剂,作用机理为几何覆盖效应,其在Q235钢表面的吸附为单分子吸附,且吸附规律符合El-Awady动力学模型。     

糖基季铵盐双子表面活性剂的缓蚀性能

由葡萄糖和十四烷基二甲基叔胺合成的糖基季铵盐双子表面活性剂(C14-GDQ)作为缓蚀剂,用静态失重法研究了该表面活性剂在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用。结果表明,在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中C14-GDQ对Q235钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,当缓蚀剂质量浓度达到0.1mmol/L时缓蚀率趋于稳定。通过吸附理论、动力学和热力学公式得到相应的参数,并讨论了缓蚀作用机理。     

竹叶提取物对LST12钢在NH_4Cl溶液中的缓蚀作用

用失重法、动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了竹叶提取物(DLMLE)在0.5mol/L NH_4Cl溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用。结果表明:DLMLE在NH_4Cl溶液中对冷轧钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂质量浓度的增加而增大,最大缓蚀率可达85.9%;DLMLE在冷轧钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附过程为物理吸附和化学吸附的混合吸附过程;DLMLE为混合抑制型缓蚀剂,EIS谱呈单一压扁的半圆容抗弧,电荷转移电阻随缓蚀剂质量浓度的增加而增大。     

红四氮唑对冷轧钢在磷酸溶液中的缓蚀性能

用失重法、动电位极化曲线和原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了红四氮唑对冷轧钢在1.0 mol/L~10.0 mol/L H₃PO₄溶液中的缓蚀作用。结果表明：红四氮唑对冷轧钢具有中等程度的缓蚀作用,为混合抑制型缓蚀剂,且在钢表面的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型;通过吸附热力学和腐蚀动力学公式分别求出了相应的吸附热力学参数和动力学参数,并根据这些参数详细讨论了缓蚀作用机理;AFM测试结果表明添加红四氮唑后钢表面较为平整,粗糙度降低。     

麻竹竹叶提取物在酸性介质中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用

从麻竹(Dendrocalmus latifcorus Munro)竹叶中提取出的固体物质,可以作为一种环境友好型植物缓蚀剂。用失重法研究了麻竹竹叶提取物在1.0 mol/L HCl1、.0 mol/L H2SO4和1.0 mol/L H3PO4三种酸性溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用。结果表明:麻竹竹叶提取物对冷轧钢的缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,当其浓度为200 mg/L时,三种酸溶液中的缓蚀效率可分别达到92.3%(HCl)、88.9%(H2SO4)、75.8%(H3PO4)。且在钢表面的吸附符合校正的Langmuir吸附等温式。并根据试验结果探讨了缓蚀机理。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.