超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料微观结构形成机理的研究：（Ⅱ）聚合物—溶剂相 …

超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ）微孔材料是通过热致相分离（ＴＩＰＳ）方法成型，ＴＩＰＳ过程中涉及到聚合物－溶剂二元体系，聚合物－溶剂相互作用参数对微观结构有很大影响。确定了ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ与不同溶剂体系的相互作用参数，分析了由于溶剂不同造成相互作用参数的差异，导致的最终微观结构的差别，了解了由于溶 剂改变而对微观结构所造成的影响。     

超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料微观结构形成机理的研究 (I)相分离过程对微观结构的影响

超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷＰＥ）微孔材料是以ＵＨＭＷＰＥ为聚合物基体的一种新型功能性材料,利用这种材料能够实现非均相分离、过滤及离子通透等多种单元操作过程,可广泛地应用于化工、医药、能源等领域［１］。针对ＵＨＭＷＰＥ物料的特殊性能,采用热致相分离方法［２］（ＴＩＰＳ）进行微孔材料的成型。ＴＩＰＳ过程涉及到聚合物－溶剂二元体系,因此对ＴＩＰＳ的二元体系热力学过程进行了研究。同时,二元体系的相分离过程对微观结构有很大影响。结合ＵＨＭＷＰＥ－石蜡油二元体系相图可以知道,该二元体系的相分离由两种不同的相分离过程组成———固液相分离和液液相分离,研究了两种分离过程对最终微观结构的影响。     

超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料微观结构形成机理的研究

超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ）微孔材料是以ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ为聚合物基体的一种新型功能性材料,利用这种材料能够晨均相分离、过主离子通透等多种单元操作过程,可广泛地应用于化工、医药、能源等领域。针对ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ物料的特殊性能,采用热致相分离方法（ＴＩＰＳ）进行微孔 成型。ＴＩＰＳ过程涉及到聚合物－溶剂二元体系,因此对ＴＩＰＳ的二元体系热力学过程进行了研究。同时,二元体系的相健康对微观结构有很大的影     

超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料微观结构形态学表征

超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ）具有优异的综合性能,以ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ为基体的微孔材料在医药,环保,能源等领域具有非常广泛的应用前景。利用压汞法对不同ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ微孔材料的微观结构参数进行测定和比较,通过孔积分布函数、分形维数等方面的研究对ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ微孔材料的微观结构形态及其分布进行了初步的量化表征,并分析了不同参数所代表的物理意义。     

UHMW—PE两种阻燃体系阻燃行为的研究

通过热分析手段（ＴＧＡ和ＤＳＣ）研究了超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ）的红磷阻燃体系和ＩＦＲ－ＺＢ膨胀型阻燃体系在一定条件下燃烧时的阻燃行为和阻燃机理。结果表明，红磷阻燃体系在ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ热分解前，就已经起到延燃热分解的作用；ＩＦＲ－ＺＢ膨胀型阻燃体系在ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ热争解的同时即开始延缓热分解。     

聚酯型聚氨酯／聚苯乙烯／胶粉共轭三组分互穿聚合物网络的研究

利用互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）和半凝胶法技术,合成了聚氨酯／聚苯乙烯／胶粉共轭三组分ＩＰＮ,并通过ＤＳＣ和ＴＥＭ等方法对该体系的结构与性能进行了初步研究。结果表明：当ＮＣＯ／ＯＨ当量比为２．８、ＰＵ／ＰＳ质量比为６０／４０时,该共轭三组分ＩＰＮ体系力学性能最佳。ＤＳＣ和ＴＥＭ则证明在该体系中,作为公共网络的ＰＳ有助于ＰＵ与ＳＲＰ的界面结合。     

Y－TYPE ZEOLITES AS MICRO－REACTORS FOR PHOTOCHEMICAL PREPARATION OF LARGE－RING COMPOUNDS

Ｙ－ＴＹＰＥＺＥＯＬＩＴＥＳＡＳＭＩＣＲＯ－ＲＥＡＣＴＯＲＳＦＯＲＰＨＯＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＡＲＧＥ－ＲＩＮＧＣＯＭＰＯＵＮＤＳ￥ＴＯＮＧＺｈｅｎｈｅ；（ＴＵＮＧＣｈｅｎｈｏ）；ＷＵＬｉｚｈｕ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｈｏ...     

几种聚合物的合成及缓蚀阻垢性能的对比

合成了一系列聚合物,并对它们进行了缓蚀阻垢性能的评定,实验结果表明：聚合物中羧基基团对阻碳酸钙垢起主要作用;含有ＡＭＰＳ单体的聚合物对磷酸钙有着非常好的阻垢效果;聚合物中的单体（官能团）对其阻碳酸钙垢的贡献大小顺序为η［ＡＡ（ＣＯＯＨ）］＞η［ＩＰＰＡ［ＰＯ（ＯＨ）２］］＞η［ＡＭＰＳ（ＣＯＮＨ２和－ＳＯ３Ｈ）］;含有ＩＰＰＡ单体的聚合物（如ＡＡ／ＡＭＰＳ／ＩＰＰＡ、ＡＡ／ＩＰＰＡ等）具有较好的缓蚀作用。     

环氧—聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络导电涂料

研究了以环氧－聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络（ＥＰ－ＰＵＩＰＮ）为基料,镀银铜粉为导电填料的导电涂料。用扫描式电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察了不同配比ＥＰ－ＰＵＩＰＮ的两相相容性,用差示扫描量热法（ＤＳＣ）测定了ＩＰＮ的玻璃化温度。讨论了ＥＰ－ＰＵＩＰＮ的结构及选择,镀银铜粉的粒度及含量对导电涂料的电阻率和使用性能的影响。试验表明,９０／１０ＥＰ－ＰＵＩＰＮ作为基料,镀银铜粉的含量为８０％、粒度为４００目,涂膜的电阻率低,使用性能好。     

FPE和PVC的相互作用及其对PVC/CPE/FPE合金性能和形态结构的影响

用ＦＴＩＲ光谱证实了ＰＶＣ与ＰＥ８ＤＢＭ（简称ＦＰＥ）之间存在着氢键和偶极偶极的作用,其中以氢键作用为主。测定了ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＰＥ和ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＦＰＥ合金的力学性能,用ＤＳＣ、相衬显微镜及ＳＥＭ表征了这两个体系的微观形态结构,研究了共混物中异种分子间的相互作用对合金性能与形态结构的影响     

超高摩尔质量聚乙烯微孔材料亲水性能的改善

通过改善结构、添加表面活性剂以及浸泡三种方法对采用热致相分离法制成的超高摩尔质量聚乙烯微孔材料的亲水性能进行了改善，效果均很明显。并通过对其它综合性能进行的比较发现，这几种方法并未影响到材料的其它使用性能。     

The effects of octadecylamine functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes on the conductive and mechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are usually used as conductive fillers to improve the conductive and mechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) simultaneously. But the poor dispersion of MWCNTs in UHMWPE and the weak compatibility between MWCNTs and UHMWPE lead to lots of defect sites and limit the efficiency of load transfer between UHMWPE and MWCNTs. To solve these problems, octadecylamine (ODA) functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNT-ODA) were prepared and its effects on the conductive and mechanical properties of UHMWPE were investigated. The X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) measurements indicated that ODA was successfully grafted on the surface of MWCNTs. The electrical conductivity tests showed that 0.5 wt% addition of MWCNT-ODA can obviously reduce the volume resistivity of UHMWPE composites by 12 orders of magnitude compared to pure UHMWPE. Meanwhile, its impact strength achieved an increase of about 42.1% and the tensile strength was slightly improved from 33.5 MPa to 40.7 MPa compared with that of UHMWPE. The microstructure features of the impact fracture surfaces were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). This result revealed the existence of a stronger interfacial force between the UHMWPE and MWCNT-ODA, which is responsible for the improvement of mechanical properties of UHMWPE.     

Crystallization and microporous membrane properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with dibenzylidene sorbitol

Dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) was chosen as an in situ forming nucleating agent to study ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) crystallization and microporous membrane. The experimental results indicated that DBS self‐assembled into fibrils first and the solution became a physical gel before UHMWPE crystallization during thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) of UHMWPE/liquid paraffin (LP)/DBS solution, and the temperature of DBS self‐assembly shows a strong dependence of DBS concentration. With decreasing temperature further, DBS fibrils as heterogeneous nucleating agent accelerated UHMWPE crystallization, which was showed more clearly in UHMWPE/LP/DBS phase diagram. UHMWPE microporous membranes were prepared through TIPS method with the control of DBS concentration. It was found that UHMWPE microporous membranes in the presence of DBS fibrils show small porous size and low water permeability, but relatively larger mechanical strength. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40706.     

A Novel Approach to Design Nanoporous Polyethylene/Polyester Composite Fabric via TIPS for Human Body Cooling

In this study, in order to obtain a wearable infrared‐transparent material based on nanoporous polyethylene, a newly ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/polyester composite fabric with nanoporous structure is developed via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method. A polyester mesh with loose warp/weft weaves is chosen as the intermediate to enhance the fabric mechanical strength and air permeability. Meanwhile, methoxy‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐aminoethyl/polydopamine particles (mPPDAPs) are used to improve the hydrophilicity of UHMWPE. The fabric is composited with mPPDAPs/UHMWPE/liquid paraffin mixture at high temperature. Then the nanoporous structure is formed via TIPS in UHMWPE phase in the composite fabric. This newly UHMWPE/polyester composite fabric possesses a unique connective nanoporous structure with the pore sizes distributed from 50 to 100 nm and it also has many disconnected honeycomb pores that are ≈1000 nm in diameter. These characteristics endow the composite fabric with excellent properties of wearability and optical properties, including sufficient moisture wicking rate, air permeability, and mechanical strength, high infrared‐transparent and ultraviolet/visible‐opaque properties. It is an effective, economical, and practical novel composite textile for human body cooling.     

超高分子量聚乙烯微孔滤材的成型及应用

介绍了聚合物颗粒烧结法、热致相分离法、无机物颗粒填充法、熔融挤压拉伸法等制备超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料的成型方法及超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料的应用情况.通过分析各种制备方法的成孔机理和加工工艺,阐述了其各自的适用范围,并提出了今后制备超高分子量聚乙烯微孔材料的工艺发展方向.     

增容剂对HDPE/UHMWPE/纳米HA生物复合材料性能的影响

通过熔融共混法制备了高密度聚乙烯/超高分子量聚乙烯/纳米羟基磷灰(石HDPE/UHMWPE/纳米HA)生物复合材料,研究了增容剂三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸(酐EPDM-g-MAH)和聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)对复合材料力学性能的影响,并利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重分析仪及熔体流动速率仪表征了复合材料的微观结构、热性能和流动性能。结果表明:EPDM-g-MAH和POE-g-MAH均可提高HDPE/UHMWPE/纳米HA复合材料的相容性,其中EPDM-g-MAH的增容效果更明显;随着增容剂用量的增大,复合材料的熔体流动速率、热变形温度和热稳定性逐渐下降;与添加POE-g-MAH相比,含有EPDM-g-MAH的复合材料的综合性能较好。     

UHMWPE结晶形态对冲击性能的影响

了超高分子量聚乙烯结晶形态对冲击性能的影响，模压烧结法制样，发现不同工艺条件制备的ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ制品的结晶形态差别很大，从而导致材料的抗冲击也截然不同，制品冲击强度取决于结晶度，晶体结构形态，工艺条件控制ＵＨＭＷＰＥ结晶形态为直径较粗大的类串晶形态，有利于提高制品的冲击性能。     

Microstructural origin of physical and mechanical properties of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene processed by high velocity compaction

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a semi-crystalline polymer with exceptional wear and impact properties, but also a very high melt viscosity, owing to its extremely long chains. Therefore, UHMWPE is non-melt processable and its processing is long and expensive. However, a new process, High Velocity Compaction (HVC), allows processing UHMWPE within short processing times via sintering. Several high velocity impacts are applied to a powder-filled die to provide self-heating. The sintering is then obtained by local fusion/recrystallization. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of UHMWPE processed by HVC are investigated. Ductile UHMWPE with a high modulus was obtained. The particular microstructure of the material resulting from the sintering by fusion/recrystallization has then been characterized. It appears that mechanical properties of HVC-UHMWPE are governed by the microstructure induced by processing conditions, and hence can be adjusted for a given application.