5G非正交多址接入中干扰消除技术研究

针对现有正交多址技术不能满足5G海量连接的场景对更高容量的需求,对非正交多址接入技术进行研究。首先对非正交多址接入技术进行介绍,非正交多址接入技术多用户数据不正交,且占用相同的时频资源进行发送,在该项技术中,接收机的设计算法尤为重要。之后对干扰消除接收机进行了研究,研究了MMSE-SIC算法,但该算法在用户负载大时,时延较大。结合并行干扰消除技术的优点提出了准并行干扰消除算法,该算法相较于MMSE-SIC时延减小近50%,但性能下降较大。针对高负载场景提出改进干扰消除算法,在保证性能下降不大时,缩短了高负载情况下系统时延。     

CDMA系统下行链路的干扰抵消

CDMA蜂窝移动通信系统是一种采用多址技术的通信系统，即采用不同的地址码来区分用户、基站和信道。然而由于其在多径衰落信道中的自相关和互相关特性的不理想造成了多址干扰。在扩频通信系统的下行链路中，有效地抵消多址干扰是进一步改善系统性能和提高系统容量的重要途径。本文提出一种应用于CDMA下行链路的干扰抵消算法，分析了下行链路接收机的实现原理及过程，并对其中的关键算法进行了详细地分析，仿真结果表明，所选取的下行接收算法能改善系统的性能。     

两种盲多用户检测常模算法的比较

CDMA作为移动通信一项基本技术,存在多用户干扰问题,多用户干扰也称为多址干扰,严重制约系统容量的提高。多用户检测目的在于抑制多用户干扰。本文研究的是CDMA下行链路的盲多用户接收技术,采用常模算法,针对不同的算法性能进行仿真。通过计算输出信干比和误码率来评价两种常模算法的干扰抑制能力。     

分集接收混合遗传算法多用户检测器在异步CDMA移动通信中的应用研究

本文研究了将混合遗传法应用于码分多址扩频通信的多用户检测中，从而消除多址接入干扰的方法。本文先给出了在异步瑞利衰落信道下解调扩频信号的分集接收混合遗传算法多用户检测器的原理框图，然后分析了用混合遗传算法进行多用户检测的理论依据和实际性能。仿真结果表明无论是抗多址干扰还是抑制远近效应，分集接收混合遗传算法多用户检测器都明显优于传统接收机，其性能接近分集接收最佳多用户检测器。     

码分多址通信系统多用户检测的仿真研究

多用户检测技术利用各个用户的扩频序列、时延、幅度和相位信息对各用户进行联合检测,能有效抑制多址干扰,充分利用上行链路频谱资源,提高系统性能和容量,是码分多址通信系统中的关键技术之一。文章采用基于卷积编码块的串行干扰抵消多用户检测方法,利用MATLAB对多用户检测算法进行仿真,通过研究不同数据速率的三种应用场景,验证多用户检测算法对参考用户误码率的性能改善和提高系统用户容量的有效性。     

基于改进LMS自适应并行多址干扰消除

在介绍码分多址通信系统中2种自适应多址干扰消除算法的基础上,提出一种变步长的自适应并行干扰消除算法。并通过仿真计算,完成了该算法的收敛性、稳态误差性能及系统误码率分析。     

异步DS-CDMA系统的等效同步多用户检测算法

第三代移动通信系统中，多用户检测技术是克服多址干扰(MAI)、增加系统容量的有效方法。本文针对多径衰落信道下的直扩码分多址(DS—CDMA)系统的上行链路，基于等效扩频码组Gram—Schmitz正交化与串行干扰消除(SIC)，提出了等效同步多用户检测(ESMUD)算法。分析最大比合并瑞克(RAKE)接收算法、传统的SIC算法以及本文算法的复杂度，并对三种算法的性能进行数值仿真。结果表明，本文提出的算法能有效抑制MAI，且计算复杂度与传统SIC算法在同一量级上。     

盲多用户检测技术研究

码分多址技术(CDMA)是扩频通信技术一种,已经成为第三代移动通信主流技术,但仍有许多关键技术要解决,其中最关键的技术就是要克服CDMA系统中多址干扰(MAI)的问题。多用户检测技术可抑制MAI,从而提高CDMA系统的容量和性能。为了克服现有多用户检测技术的算法复杂、无法克服小区间干扰问题,提出一种适合于动态环境的盲自适应多用户检测算法。     

CDMA系统粒子群多用户检测算法

Kennedy和Eberhart提出的粒子群优化算法(PSO),作为一种新的并行优化算法,在解决多维和非线性的复杂问题中,性能优良且算法简单易于实现。本文对二进制粒子群优化算法进行改进,并将其应用于DS-CDMA通信系统的多用户检测中,提出了基于矢量的二进制粒子群多用户检测器(V-BPSO-MUD),同时提出了两种高效实用的多用户检测器:基于矢量的串行二进制多用户检测器(VS-BPSO-MUD)及基于矩阵的二进制多用户检测器(M-BPSO-MUD)。仿真结果表明,PSO多用户检测器充分利用了粒子群优化算法的优良特性,性能明显优于传统的CDMA检测器,接近无多址干扰情况。     

多用户检测在超宽带无线通信中的应用

在超宽带(UWB)通信系统中多址干扰是限制系统性能的重要原因,为了有效抑制多址干扰,本文将多用户检测技术应用于超宽带多用户通信系统中。通过分析信号特征,给出了应用在UWB系统中的几种次最佳多用户检测器的结构,考虑到实际UWB系统需要接收机有较低的复杂度,又提出了一种特别针对UWB系统的类最小均方差(MMSE)检测器并分析了其性能。在UWB室内信道环境下的仿真表明,采用本文提出的多用户检测器可以取得明显优于传统接收机的系统性能。     

一种基于组信息的并行干涉消除技术研究

为了克服多址干扰（MAD对光码分多址（OCDMA）通信系统性能的影响，针对提出的二维地址码MPC／OOC，研究了一种基于组信息的并行干扰消除（PIC）技术。考虑MA1、背景光（APD）噪声、热噪声和接收机噪声，详细分析了采用该PIC技术的OCDMA通信系统的性能。结果表明，基于组信息的PIC技术，可以有效地消除采用MPC／OOC作为地址码的OCDMA通信系统的MAI，提高该系统的系统容量和误码率性能。     

Performance analysis of MC‐CDMA by employing the MMSE‐PIC scheme in wireless communications

From the past decade, the multicarrier code division multiple access (MC‐CDMA) transmission schemes have placed major role in wireless communications. It is providing a secured wireless communication to the users with guaranteed performance. In many situations, the performance of the MC‐CDMA is restricted due to the interference caused by multiple access interference (MAI), which also influences the frameworks of CDMA. To overcome this issue, we concentrated on developing the efficient technique for data transmission with interference cancellation for downlink MC‐CDMA. In the proposed method, the interference cancellation procedure is done by using the regeneration and subtraction of MAI from the signal. The simulation results are evaluated using the MC‐CDMA system with different decision functions. Results proved that the proposed system is efficient in reducing the MAI along with an improved bit error rate (BER).     

基于PIC的MC-CDMA系统多级型多用户检测技术

为了抑制MAI和远近效应以提高系统的性能,采用多级型多用户检测技术,充分利用各个用户的扩频序列时延幅度和相位信息对各用户进行联合检测,利用前级判决的信息构造所有用户的干扰信号,然后从接收信号抵消掉干扰信号,从总体上提高各用户的性能。仿真验证表明,PIC的处理延迟小,且在用户增多的情况下误码率大为降低,但随着级数的增加,计算复杂度增大,故实际应用中一般选三级为宜。     

Interference and Complexity Reduction in Multi-stage Multi-user Detection in DS-CDMA

Multi-stage parallel interference cancellation (PIC) technique gives good performance compared to successive interference cancellation (SIC) method, but biased decision statistic and complexity problems are raised due to imperfect estimation of multiple access interference (MAI) as number of stages increases. partial parallel interference cancellation (PPIC) technique is proposed to cancel the interference partially stage by stage to overcome biased problem. The complexity reduction for PIC detection is based on the convergence nature of interference cancellation which is called the difference PIC (D-PIC) detection technique. In this paper we combine (PPIC and DPIC) these two techniques and propose a multi-stage multi-user (PD-PIC) detector for performance improvement and complexity reduction compared to conventional PIC detector. The performance is degraded as the number of users increases in each technique.     

Reduced and differential parallel interference cancellation forCDMA systems

Since code division multiple access systems in multipath environments suffer from multiple access interference (MAI), multiuser detection schemes should be used in the receivers. Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) is a promising method to combat MAI due to its relatively low computational complexity and good performance. It is shown that the complexity of PIC is still high for realistic scenarios in terms of the symbol rate, the number of users, spreading gain, and multipath components. However, two novel methods are introduced to reduce significantly the complexity without sacrificing performance. The first approach, called reduced PIC, takes advantage of the composition of the interference to concentrate interference cancellation only on significant terms. The second approach, called differential PIC, exploits the multistage character of PIC to avoid unnecessary double calculations of certain terms in consecutive stages. It is shown that a combination of both approaches leads to a performance very close to the single-user bound whereas the complexity can be kept on the order of the conventional RAKE receiver     

扩频码速率异步时直扩系统码分多址能力

直接序列扩频码分多址系统是目前应用最广泛的扩频系统,影响系统容量的主要因素是系统内多址信号的干扰。分析了采用Gold码的码速率异步直扩系统多址干扰,对扩展积分周期和单一积分周期均进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明,码速率异步的Gold序列互相关函数不再具有三值特性;随着积分长度的扩展,互相关函数的统计值逐渐递减,即多址干扰减小;多址干扰与码偏移量大小有关,在某些特定码偏移量,积分长度为最小公倍数周期时,互相关函数接近为单值,而这些码偏移量正负对称出现;积分长度为单一周期时,多址干扰随码偏移量的变化趋势与扩频码长度无关;在相同码偏移量的情况下,随着扩频码的长度增加而减小。     

A network coding based interference cancelation scheme for wireless ad hoc networks

The performance of wireless networks is limited by multiple access interference (MAI) in the traditional communication approach where the interfered signals of the concurrent transmissions are treated as noise. In this paper, we treat the interfered signals from a new perspective on the basis of additive electromagnetic (EM) waves and propose a network coding based interference cancelation (NCIC) scheme. In the proposed scheme, adjacent nodes can transmit simultaneously with careful scheduling; therefore, network performance will not be limited by the MAI. Additionally we design a space segmentation method for general wireless ad hoc networks, which organizes network into clusters with regular shapes (e.g., square and hexagon) to reduce the number of relay nodes. The segmentation method works with the scheduling scheme and can help achieve better scalability and reduced complexity. We derive accurate analytic models for the probability of connectivity between two adjacent cluster heads which is important for successful information relay. We proved that with the proposed NCIC scheme, the transmission efficiency can be improved by at least 50% for general wireless networks as compared to the traditional interference avoidance schemes. Numeric results also show the space segmentation is feasible and effective. Finally we propose and discuss a method to implement the NCIC scheme in a practical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communications networks. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A method using optimized combinations based on energy spectrum extension factor to reduce MAI in asynchronous DS-CDMA systems

The principle to suppress multiple access interference (MAI) using double chip waveforms (DCW) in asynchronous DS-CDMA systems is analyzed in the paper. Based on the principle, a new method adopting optimized combinations of chip waveforms (CCW) to reduce MAI is proposed. The energy spectrum extension factor (ESEF) of equivalent chip waveform is introduced to optimally select CCW to reduce MAI, improve the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and bite error rate (BER) performance of asynchronous DS-CDMA users. The general closed form expression of SINR for asynchronous DS-CDMA users with CCW is obtained. The BER is also derived by improved Gaussian approximation (IGA). The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the optimized CCW using ESEF can effectively suppress MAI better, achieve higher SINR and BER performance compared with DCW. Moreover, the overlap between the simulation and IGA BER curves verifies the theoretical derivation.     

时分导频位CDMA系统上行链路阵列接收到部分多址干扰抑制技术

针对时分导频位CDMA系统上行链路,本文提出了导频位辅助LMS－DRMTA算法加上部分多址干扰对消的空时联合干扰抑制接收方案,由于阵列的干扰抑制作用,其输出信号中只剩下少量强的多址干扰信号,部分干扰对消法只对阵列输出中的强多址干扰信号进行干扰估计并抑制,这样一方面大大降低了系统处理的运算量及缓存空间,另一方面又消除了因弱多址干扰估计的不准确而民的系统性能下降,并且相对于自适应全多址干扰对消有更好的系统稳定性,仿真实验表明该方案比全干扰用户对消法具有更好的干扰抑制效果。     

用于WCDMA上行系统的并行干扰对消算法

为了利用多用户检测和并行干扰对消克服WCOMA系统的多址干扰和远近效应,文中建立了WCDMA系统模型并由此推导了一种用于WCDMA上行系统的并行干扰对消算法,并在E-DPDCH信道验证了算法的性能。将干扰用户发射信噪比固定为14dB,当两个用户到达同一吞吐量时,采用PIC有1．5dB的信噪比增益。最后针对基于CCSS平台的仿真结果提出了几种优化方案。