燃烧反应工艺制造的TiAl—Ti2AlC复合材料的组织与机械性能

采用磁悬浮区域熔炼的方法制备了ＴｉＡｌ合金ＰＳＴ晶体，然后在８００℃下对其压缩性能和变形组织分别进行了测试和观察。结果表明，在８００℃时的屈服强度取决于片层界面与压缩轴的夹角φ，在φ＝９０°时屈服强度最高，而φ＝４５°时最低。８００℃时屈服强度较室温下的有较大程度下降，这与α２相中锥面滑移系｛１１２１｝〈〈１１２６〉的临界分切应力的降低有关。     

低层错能镍基单晶高温合金压缩行为和变形组织的温度相关性（英文）

在室温至1000℃的范围内，研究温度对一种低层错能镍基单晶高温合金压缩行为和变形组织的影响。研究结果表明，压缩行为和变形组织均表现出温度相关性。室温下该合金具有较高屈服强度，600℃时屈服强度有所下降；随后，随着温度的升高，屈服强度持续增加，并在800℃时达到最大值；在800℃以上时，屈服强度迅速降低。通过透射电子显微镜观察揭示合金变形机制。位错缠结和位错对塞积是室温下屈服强度较高的主要原因。在600℃时，变形机制从反相畴界切割向堆垛层错切割转变，这导致屈服强度略有下降。在800℃时，变形机制以堆垛层错切割为主，而Lomer-Cottrell锁和不同方向堆垛层错之间的反应导致最大的屈服强度。在900℃及以上时，虽然仍存在一些层错，但主要变形机制为位错绕过机制。最后，讨论变形机制和压缩行为的温度依赖性。     

微碳深冲钢板的非｛111｝织构特征及其对,△r值的影响

在生产试制的 Ｓｔ１５微碳深冲钢板中，选择ｒ变化、△ｒ一定和ｒ 一定、△ｒ变化的两组试样，对其进行织构测量及ＯＤＦ分析，进而对织构特征进行了描述，并分析了主要织构对ｒ，△ｒ值的影响特点结果表明：试制的这批 Ｓｔ１５微碳深冲钢板没有出现理想的γ〈１１１〉｜｜ＮＤ取向线织构，而是主要体现为γ取向线（Ψ＝０－９０°，θ＝１９°，φ＝４５°）和围绕γ〈１１１〉｜｜ＮＤ取向线从 Ψ=０°， θ＝５４．７°，φ＝６２．７°螺旋旋转到 ψ＝９０°，θ＝４０°，φ＝４５°的 Ｌ取向线其中， Ｌ取向线主要影响Ｆ值，织构越强γ值越大，但对△γ值不利．γ取向线主要影响面△γ值，织构越强面△γ值越小．但对γ值不利．强的Ｌ取向线织构配以较强的γ＇取向线织构可以获得良好的γ，△γ值．     

新淬火状态2B06铝合金板塑性成形各向异性行为研究

通过与轧制轴成0°、45°和90°方向的单向拉伸试验,研究了2B06铝合金板O态和W态(新淬火态)下材料的强度各向异性(3个方向屈服强度的变化)和塑性流动各向异性(3个方向厚向异性指数的变化)行为。发现,虽然屈服强度和应变硬化受热处理状态影响显著,但强度各向异性和塑性流动各向异性受热处理状态影响较小,均在试验数据分散范围之内。获取的试验数据被用来校准Hill48屈服准则。通过绘制的屈服轨迹发现,对于W态可以采用与O态相同的屈服面形状来描述其材料塑性各向异性行为,这样将显著减少W态下本构模型校准需要的试验数。     

大塑性变形-反应烧结TiAl合金的高温压缩屈服强度

研究了大塑性变形-反应烧结TiAl合金的高温压缩屈服强度。结果表明：高能球磨显著改善了烧结TiAl合金的压缩性能，同时其压缩性能还取决于烧结工艺。球磨1h粉末挤压坯经1250℃烧结4h后，800℃时的压缩屈服强度最高，达到620MPa，且与其实温值相当：而经1250℃烧结不同时间的未球磨粉末烧结体，800℃时压缩屈服强度最高仅为485MPa。因此，采用大塑性变形-反应烧结工艺制备高性能TiAl合金是可行的。     

沉降槽加环形导流板的研究

本文介绍了在φ１×１ｍ的小型沉降槽内设置环形导流板提高沉降槽产能的研究。结果表明，在加料简外、设置φ８００×４３０ｍｍ的导流板，具有溢流产能高，赤泥压缩块，底流液固比小的优点，为提高沉降槽产能提供了新途径。     

温度对Zr-45Ti-5Al-3V合金准静态力学性能的影响

在-100~200℃范围内不同应变速率(10-4,10-3和10-2s-1)下利用准静态拉伸和压缩实验研究了温度对Zr-45Ti-5Al-3V合金力学性能的影响.结果表明,在拉伸条件下,Zr-45Ti-5Al-3V合金具有较高的屈服强度和抗拉强度,室温时其屈服强度超过1355 MPa,但延伸率较小.随着温度的升高,合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度均下降,而塑性变形量则上升.在压缩条件下,温度对屈服强度的影响与拉伸时一致,而塑性变形量和断裂强度均在室温时最高,其他温度下变化规律与拉伸时一致.应变速率对合金的力学性能影响不大.     

选区激光熔化成形点阵结构的各向异性对力学性能的影响

选区激光熔化技术（selective laser melting, SLM）成形的金属点阵结构由于具有结构设计自由度大、轻量化、缓冲吸能等优势,在航空航天等领域具有广泛的工程应用前景,然而对其力学性能的研究不够充分。本研究设计了不同方向的体心立方（body-centered cubic, BCC）和金刚石（Dia）两种晶胞点阵结构,基于SLM技术成形了AlSi10Mg点阵结构,并对成形试样进行了压缩试验,结合有限元分析（finite element analysis, FEA）研究了点阵结构的各向异性对其压缩响应和吸能特性的影响。结果表明,两种点阵结构均存在明显的各向异性。在相对密度基本一致的情况下,点阵结构方向从0°到45°,随着角度的增大,屈服强度明显增大,BCC点阵结构的各向异性对其压缩屈服强度的影响更加明显,Dia点阵结构的屈服强度明显高于BCC点阵结构。不同方向点阵结构的比吸能(specific energy absorption, SEA)存在明显差异,点阵结构方向从0°到45°,随着角度的增大,SEA明显增大,Dia点阵结构的SEA明显高于BCC点阵结构。不同方向点阵结构的碰撞载荷效率(crash load efficiency, CLE)存在明显差异,BCC点阵结构在0°方向取得最大值1.07,并随着点阵结构角度的增大逐渐减小,Dia点阵结构CLE随着点阵结构角度的增大而增大,并在45°方向上取得最大值1.01。     

挤压态AZ31B镁合金动态拉压不对称性分析

为了研究挤压态AZ31B镁合金在高应变速率下的拉压不对称性,对挤压态AZ31B镁合金进行了织构分析.采用分离式Hopkinson压杆和反射式拉杆装置分别沿挤压方向和垂直挤压方向进行了动态压缩和拉伸试验,应变速率范围在500～2650 s-1之间.结果表明,由于在挤压过程中形成了基面织构,沿挤压方向压缩时,拉伸孪晶{1012}<1120>容易启动,屈服强度对应变速率不敏感,且屈服强度较低;沿挤压方向拉伸时,拉伸孪晶不能启动,压缩孪晶{1011}<1120>和非基面滑移是其主要的塑性变形机制,合金屈服强度较高;合金在压缩和拉伸时表现出很强的拉压不对称性,压缩屈服强度与屈服强度的比值约为0.30.垂直于挤压方向拉伸和压缩时,没有表现出拉压不对称性.     

新淬火状态2806铝合金板塑性成形各向异性行为研究

通过与轧制轴成0&#176;、45&#176;和90&#176;方向的单向拉伸试验，研究了2B06铝合金板O态和W态（新淬火态）下材料的强度各向异性（3个方向屈服强度的变化）和塑性流动各向异性（3个方向厚向异性指数的变化）行为。发现，虽然屈服强度和应变硬化受热处理状态影响显著，但强度各向异性和塑性流动各向异性受热处理状态影响较小，均在试验数据分散范围之内。获取的试验数据被用来校准Hill48屈服准则。通过绘制的屈服轨迹发现，对于W态可以采用与O态相同的屈服面形状来描述其材料塑性各向异性行为，这样将显著减少W态下本构模型校准需要的试验数。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.