Preparation of Mg-Li-Sm alloys by electrocodeposition in molten salt

Electrocodeposition of Mg-Li-Sm alloys was investigated in molten KCl-LiCl-MgCl2-SmCl3-KF system.The effects of electrolytic temperature and cathodic current density on current efficiency were studied and optimal electrolysis parameters were obtained.The optimum electrolysis condition was a molten salt mixture of LiCl:KCl =50:50(wt.%),electrolytic temperature:660 oC,cathode current density:9.5 A/cm2 and electrolysis time of 40 min.The current efficiency reached 77.3%.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning elec...     

Synthesis kinetics and thermophysical properties of La_2（Zr_（0.7）Ce_（0.3））_2O_7 ceramic for thermal barrier coatings

La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7 (LZ7C3) ceramic was synthesized by solid state reaction with La2O3, ZrO2 and CeO2 as starting materials. The synthesis kinetics, phase structure, mass loss and microstructure were studied by thermo gravimetric-different thermal analyzer (TG-DTA), X-ray difference (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient were measured by laser-flash method and pushing-rod method, respectively. XRD results showed that LZ7C3 was a mixture of La2Zr2O7 (LZ, pyro- chlore) and La2Ce2O7 (LC, fluorite). The lowest synthesis temperature and time of LZ7C3 were 1400 oC and 5 h. There were no peaks of La2O3 when the powder granularity was about 0.82 μm in the synthesis process. The atom ratio La:Zr:Ce of prepared LZ7C3 powder was very close to 10:7:3 which was the theory value of LZ7C3. The thermal conductivity of LZ7C3 decreased gradually with the temperature increased up to 1200 oC, and was located within 0.79 to 1.02 W/(m·K), which was almost 50% lower than that of LZ, whereas its thermal expansion coefficient was larger and the value was 11.6×10-6 K-1.     

氟化物熔盐共电沉积制备Gd-Zr-Mg合金的研究

采用GdF3-LiF-BaF2为电解质熔体,Gd2O3、ZrO2及MgO混合氧化物为原料共电沉积Gd-Zr-Mg中间合金,考察了电解温度、阴极电流密度及混合氧化物原料中ZrO2的含量对电解电流效率及所得中间合金中Zr含量的影响.研究表明：电流效率随温度和电流密度增大均先增后减,随混合氧化物原料中ZrO2含量增大则减小;电解得Gd-Zr-Mg合金中Zr含量随电解温度和混合氧化物原料ZrO2含量的增加而增加,随阴极电流密度的增加则是先增后减,电流效率可达57%,Zr含量能达到10%～11%.     

AlF3-(Li,Na)F-(Al2O3-Y2O3)熔盐体系物理化学性质研究

为进一步优化电解制备Al-Cu-Y合金的热、动力学条件,对AlF₃-(Li, Na)F-(Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃)熔盐体系的密度、黏度及电导率变化规律进行研究。分别采用阿基米德法、连续变化电导池常数法和旋转法测定AlF₃-(Li, Na)F-(Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃)熔盐体系在温度为900~1 000 ℃范围内,n((Li, Na)F): n(AlF₃)=2.5时的密度(ρ)、电导率(σ)、黏度(η)随温度和组分的变化规律,结果表明:在温度900~1 000 ℃范围内,AlF₃-(Li, Na)F-(Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃)体系中Al₂O₃和Y₂O₃的含量一定,密度-温度、黏度-温度和电导率-温度之间均呈线性关系。在温度为950 ℃条件下,熔盐体系的密度随Al₂O₃含量的增加而线性减小,随Y₂O₃含量的增加而线性增加; 电导率随Y₂O₃或Al₂O₃含量的增加而线性减小; 体系的黏度则随Y₂O₃或Al₂O₃含量的增加而线性增加。      

Al2O3和Na2O对高磷铁水脱磷的影响

 在1350℃,采用无氟CaO-FetO-SiO2渣系,以少量Na2O和Al2O3作助熔剂,对磷含量0.42%(质量分数,下同)的铁水进行了脱磷热力学试验。 结果表明：Na2O和Al2O3含量分别为0.7%~3.1%和2.5%~7.9%时,脱磷率为81.4%~90.7%,lgLP为1.50~1.92,lgγP2O5在-15.6~-16.6之间,lgCP为19.9~20.5。脱磷率、lgLP和lgCP 随Na2O含量的增加而增加。lgγP2O5随Na2O含量的增加而降低。Al2O3对脱磷效果的影响与Na2O正好相反。采用半球点法对CaO-Fe2O3-Na2O-Al2O3无氟脱磷剂进行了熔点测试。 发现以Na2O和Al2O3作助熔剂均可使脱磷剂熔点降至1200℃以下,满足高磷铁水转炉脱磷温度要求。     

Fe2O3对氧化物弥散强化Fe12CrWTiY合金的显微组织和高温拉伸性能的影响

采用气体雾化Fe-12Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.25Y合金粉末,添加1%(质量分数)的Fe2O3作为携氧剂,制备氧化物弥散强化Fe-12Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.25Y高温合金。测定该合金在室温以及550~850℃的高温抗拉强度,采用X射线衍射仪分析合金的物相组成,通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察合金的组织和拉伸断口形貌。结果表明,添加Fe2O3后,合金晶粒细化,平均晶粒尺寸由8.6μm减小到7.3μm。基体中第二相除纳米尺寸的Ti2Y2O7外,还形成20~200nm和1~10μm两种尺度的Y3Fe5O12、Cr1.3Fe0.7O3和(Cr0.88Ti0.12)2O3等多种复合氧化物,以及宽度分别为200~300nm和5~30 nm的板条组织,室温、550℃和850℃下的抗拉强度分别为1 257、1 108、和128 MPa,比未添加Fe2O3的合金分别提高50.7%,39%和30.6%。添加Fe2O3增加了氧化物的数量,提高了弥散强化效果,但微米尺度氧化物第二相的膨胀系数与基体不同,在高温下与基体的界面产生分离,优先形成裂纹源,降低高温强化效果。     

Effect of Fe2O3 Loading Amount on Catalytic Properties of Monolithic Fe2O3/Ce0.67Zr0.33O2 -Al2O3 Catalyst for Methane Combustion

Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 solid solution was prepared by the co-precipitation method. Fe2O3-based catalysts supported on the solid solution were obtained by the impregnation method. The article revealed that the optimal loading amount of Fe2O3 on Ce0.67Zr0.33 O2-Al2O3 in our experimental condition for catalytic combustion of methane was 8% （ mass fraction）. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, TPR, XRD analyses, and their catalytic activity was investigated after being calcined at 873 K and after being aged in water gas at 1273 K. When the loading amount of Fe203 was 8% （ mass fraction）, the catalyst held the highest activity, and the best temperature speciality and thermal stability. The complete-conversion temperature of methane for fresh and aged sample was 788 and 838 K, respectively. The range between the light-off temperature and the complete-conversion temperature was only 15 K. The characterization results of XRD indicated that Fe2O3 was well dispersed on the Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 matrix. The results of BET and TPR were in good harmony with the catalytic activity results.     

SrCl2-KCl-SrF2体系中熔盐电解法制备铝锶合金

以SrCl2为原料,在70%SrCl2-29%KCl-1%SrF2体系中电解生产Al-Sr合金。考察了电解温度、电流密度和电解时间等条件对电流效率和合金锶含量的影响。通过控制工艺条件,可以生产锶含量在0～10%的Al-Sr合金,其物相主要为Al与Al4Sr。     

烧结温度对电脱氧制备金属铌影响的研究

采用电脱氧法,以Nb2O5烧结片为阴极插入高温熔融CaCl2-NaCl混合熔盐中电解制备金属铌。研究了不同烧结温度对阴极片的孔隙度、电脱氧反应及其产物的影响。采用XRD、SEM、EDS对电解产物的物相、表面形貌和含氧量进行分析。实验结果表明,烧结温度是影响Nb2O5烧结片的晶粒尺寸、孔隙度和孔隙尺寸的主要因素。阴极片开孔孔隙有利于熔盐的渗入,能够扩大反应界面,加快电脱氧反应速率。电脱氧效果不仅取决于开孔孔隙度,也与孔隙尺寸有关,实验表明1 200℃烧结12 h制备的Nb2O5阴极片电解产物脱氧效果最好。     

氟化物体系熔盐电解制备YNi合金

以Y2O3为电解原料,以金属镍棒为自耗阴极、石墨板为阳极,在常规的石墨电解槽中采用氟化物体系熔盐电解法制备了YNi合金.研究了电解时间、电解温度、电解质组成、阴极电流密度等主要技术参数对电解过程的影响,并对所制备的钇镍合金进行了表征.结果表明,熔盐电解制备钇镍合金的较优工艺条件为:电解温度1000℃,电解质YF3与Li...     

Photoluminescence Characteristics of Gd2Mo3O9 ： Eu Phosphor Particles by Solid State Reaction Method

Eu^3＋-doped Gd2Mo3O9 was prepared by solid-state reaction method using Na2CO3 as flux and characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry. According to X-ray diffraction, this material belonged to a tetragonal system with space group I41/α. The effects of flux content and sintering temperature on the luminescent properties were investigated with the emission and excitation spectra. The results showed that flux content and sintering temperature had effects on the luminescent properties, the optimized flux content and the best temperature was 3 % and 800 ℃ respectively. The excitation and emission spectra also showed that this phosphor could be effectively excited by C-T band （280 nm）, ultraviolet light 395 nm and blue light 465 nm. The wavelengths at 395 and 465 nm were nicely fitting in with the widely applied output wavelengths of ultraviolet or blue LED chips. Integrated emission intensity of Gd2Mo3O9 ： Eu was twice higher than that of Y2O2S ： Eu^3 ＋ under 395 nm excitation. The Eu^3＋ doped Gd2Mo309 phosphor may be a better candidate in solid-state lighting applications.     

Combustion synthesis and luminescence properties of blue NaBaPO4:Eu2+ phosphor

The blue-emitting phosphor NaBaPO4:Eu2+ was prepared by the combustion method. The phase structure and microstructure of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Under the excita-tion wavelength of 360 nm, the emission spectrum exhibited only one blue band centering at 435 nm, which was ascribed to the 4f65d1→4f7 transition on Eu2+ ions. Compared with the phosphor obtained by solid-state reaction method, the relative emission intensity of sample ob-tained by combustion method increased slightly. The decay times and the temperature dependence luminescence intensities (25-300 oC) were discussed in order to further investigate the potential applications. Furthermore, Eu2+-doped NaBaPO4 phosphor showed higher thermally sta-ble luminescence comparable to commercially available Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce3+) phosphor. All the investigated suggestions that Na-BaPO4:Eu2+ is a good phosphor candidate applied in white light emitting diode.     

Fe-TiB2/Al2O3复合阴极的电解性能及元素迁移行为

以氧化铝溶胶为黏结剂、金属Fe为烧结助剂, 采用冷压-烧结制备出铝电解用Fe-TiB₂/Al₂O₃复合阴极材料, 利用20A电解试验研究其电解性能; 利用能谱仪(EDS) 对电解试验前后的复合阴极材料进行了成分物相分析, 研究电解过程中各种元素迁移行为.研究结果表明: 金属Fe作为烧结助剂在烧结过程中能有效的填充骨料之间的空隙, 使该复合阴极材料的烧结致密度显著提高; 20 A电解试验过程电压稳定, 电流效率93. 2%, 原铝中铝元素质量分数为99. 47%, 杂质元素质量分数为0. 53%.在电解试验后, 铝液能有效润湿阴极表面, 表明Fe-TiB₂/Al₂O₃复合阴极材料具有较理想的可润湿性; 从复合阴极电解后的能谱分析可知, 在电解过程中, 碱金属主要是通过液态电解质渗透进入阴极材料中, 随后又逐渐渗透进入黏结剂相中, 并在骨料之间氧化铝溶胶和金属烧结助剂均未能充分填充的空隙进行富集. K元素较Na元素对黏结相的渗透力更强; 与此同时, 阴极表面生成的Al通过复合材料的空隙进入阴极内部, 而Fe金属会利用材料内部的空隙反向扩散至铝液层中.在试验中, 阴极表面的铝液层的稳定存在是该阴极高效稳定运行的基础.      

Spectroscopic properties and energy transfer of Nd3+/Ho3+-doped Ga2O3-GeO2 glass by codoping Yb3+ ion

This study presented the luminescence properties of Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺/Ho³⁺ dopant ions inside a host based on Ga₂O₃-GeO₂-Li₂O（GGL） glass. The measured differential scanning calorimetry result showed that GGL glass exhibited excellent stability against devitrification with ?T=135 oC. Obvious 543 and 657 nm emissions were observed in Nd³⁺/Ho³⁺-codoped sample. The incorporation of Yb³⁺ into Nd³⁺/Ho³⁺-codoped glass system had resulted in enhanced upconversion emission intensity under the excitation of 808 nm and/or 980 nm laser diode（LD）. The possible mechanisms and related discussions on this phenomenon were presented. It was noted that the presence of Yb³⁺ yielded an enhancement about 7 and 11 times in the 543 and 657 nm emission intensities respectively under 808 nm excitation due to the energy transfer from Nd³⁺ to Ho³⁺ via Yb³⁺ ion. Here Yb³⁺ played a major role as a bridging ion. While enhanced 543 and 657 nm emission intensities under the excitation of 980 nm LD originated from the sensitization effect of Yb³⁺. Our results showed that Nd³⁺/Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ triply doped GGL glass might be a promising candidate for the development of visible-laser materials.     

Preparation of transparent Y2O3 ceramic by slip casting and vacuum sintering

In the present work transparent Y2O3 ceramics were made by slip casting and vacuum sintering of nanopowders with sodium poly-acrylic acid(PAA-Na) as dispersant.The rheological properties of Y2O3 nanopowder slurry were investigated using different amounts of dis-persant and solid contents.The microstructures and transmittance of the sintered ceramics were also studied by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and ultra-violet visible spectrometry.The results showed that rheological behaviors of the Y2O3 nanopowder slurry were effectively promoted by sodium polyacrylic acid.Highly dispersive and stable slurries were obtained as the dispersant was added over 1.0 dwb% under the fixed conditions of pH 11 and 45 wt.% solid content.All the slip cast green bodies were sintered into highly dense ceramics after sintering at 1700 oC for 5 h in vacuum,wherein the sample added with 1.1% sodium polyacrylic acid exhibited the highest relative den-sity of 99.36% and transmission of 30% at 800 nm wavelength.     

Optical constants of Er_2O_3-Al_2O_3 films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry

Er2O3-Al2O3 film was deposited on the Si(001) substrate by radio frequency magnetron technique at room temperature.The samplewas annealed at 450,600 and 750 oC for 30 min in O2 ambience,respectively.The optical constants were studied by spectroscopic ellipsometryfor both the as-deposited and the annealed samples.The proper values of refractive index indicated that it could be a useful material for solar cells.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型

利用熔渣结构共存理论建立了CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型,并分析了1400℃时炉渣碱度、MgO和FeO含量对该渣系FeO活度的影响规律。结果表明：当CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系三元碱度为1.3,Al2O3含量为12wt%,FeO含量为2wt%条件下,随MgO含量的增加,炉渣FeO活度增大;当二元碱度为1.1,Al2O3含量为12wt%,MgO含量为10wt%时,FeO活度随随渣中FeO含量的增加呈线性增加;当渣中Al2O3、MgO和FeO含量分别为12wt%、10wt%和2wt%固定不变时,随着二元碱度的提高,炉渣FeO活度迅速增加。计算得到的上述规律和实测规律一致,说明了本模型用于分析FeO活度的正确性。     

Catalytic combustion study of soot on Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 solid solution

The Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 solid solution and CeO2 were prepared using the sol-gel method. The phase structure, crystallite sizes and the reducibility of the catalysts were characterized by XRD and H2-TPR techniques. XRD results indicated that Zr^4＋ had replaced part of Ce^4＋ to form a fluorite-like solid solution, which was favorable to obtain ultrafine nanoparticles. The ratio of main HE consumption for Ce0.7Zr0.3O2：CeO2 was 4.4：1.0, implying that the solid solution could improve the reducibility compared to the single CeO2. The Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 solid solution catalyst showed a sharp combustion peak at 397 ℃, which was 200 ℃ lower than that of the single soot. The good catalytic activity of the Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 was attributed to the formation of nano-CeO2-based solid solution, which enhanced the reducibility and then improved the combustion activity. As Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 could be easily reduced to Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-x meanwhile, after oxygenation, the Ce0.7Zr0.3O2.x was recovered to Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 completely. A catalytic combustion reaction mechanism was proposed： the Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 was reduced to Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-x by the reaction with carbon and then it was recovered to Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-x by the interaction with O2.     

Low-field magnetic entropy changes in （Gd1-xYx）3Al2 alloys

The effects of Y substitution on the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect of(Gd1-xYx)3Al2(x=0-0.3) alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements.All samples crystallized in single phase with Zr3Al2-type tetragonal structure.The lattice parameters and magnetic transition temperature decreased obviously with increasing Y content.The magnetic entropy change and refrigerant capacity of these alloys were calculated.The adjustable transition temperature and favorable proper...     

NaCl-CaCl2熔盐体系中电脱氧制备金属Fe的工艺研究

在NaCl-CaCl₂熔盐体系中采用FFC-剑桥工艺开展了Fe₂O₃电脱氧制备金属Fe的工艺研究。重点研究了烧结工艺和电解工艺等对熔盐中Fe₂O₃电脱氧过程的影响。采用SEM分析了烧结后Fe₂O₃的微观结构, 采用XRD分析了电解前后产物的物相组成, 得到了优化的电脱氧工艺条件为:槽电压为3.2 V, 电解时间为8 h, 烧结温度为800~900 ℃, 黏结剂用量为1.5%~2.5%和电解温度为680~722 ℃。同时, 在该熔盐体系中Fe₂O₃电脱氧机理为Fe₂O₃→Fe₃O₄→FeO→Fe。