无线Mesh网络视频流媒体自适应编码与传输控制研究

讨论了无线Mesh网络（WMN）中视频流媒体自适应编码与传输控制的问题,包括视频流媒体可分级编码的必要性和实现原理,传输过程中的主动丢包策略,并讨论了对其进一步改进的方法。使读者对WMN中视频流媒体的自适应编码和传输控制有概括性的了解。     

HTTP自适应流媒体直播系统中的用户体验质量优化

分析HTTP自适应流媒体直播系统中对终端用户体验质量(QoE)产生影响的各类因素及其相互之间的作用关系,对基于服务器端、网络传输以及客户端的QoE优化策略进行总结。认为HTTP自适应流媒体直播系统的QoE优化重点在于降低延时,提出结合网络层和应用层影响因素来降低时延并提升用户QoE的建议。     

可分级视频编码的MPEG-2传输流封装及其应用

为了在实际的应用中使用H.264/SVC编码标准的可分级特性,需要制定一套可行的分级视频网络传输的封装格式和传输机制.在分析SVC码流结构和MPEG-2系统层协议的基础上,重点研究了如何利用MPEG-2的系统层也就是传输流在IP网络中实现SVC视频的传输方案.     

一种改进的可分级视频编码方法及其网络传输研究

该文提出了一种改进的可分级视频编码方法。为了适应流媒体的分层传输要求,该方法通过对DCT系数量化残差的位平面编码产生视频流的增强层部分,其基本层码流由更多的子基本层组成,各子基本层通过宏块级DCT系数重排及VLC重组生成。同时,该文设计了一种针对该分层视频流数据的网络传输自适应不等重丢包保护(AUPLP)策略,在估计当前可利用带宽资源的基础上,实时调整不同层数据的保护力度,并控制传输截断的层数。仿真结果表明,与传统方法相比该文方案在低带宽时可获得平均1.2dB的编码增益,AUPLP的应用也大大改善了视频流媒体的传输质量。     

网络流媒体传输中的自适应技术

如何在现有网络条件下进行多媒体音视频数据的有效传输控制是目前网络技术发展的一个热点。现在较多地采用流媒体技术来解决网络多媒体传输和播放的实时性需求，而自适应流媒体技术则是在不稳定的网络条件下进行数据传输有效控制的一种新技术。     

基于细粒度调整的同步播放控制算法

针对网络时延和时延抖动引起缓存波动而造成的流媒体播放不连续,基于接收端播放速率调整,提出一种播放速率自适应调整的播放缓存控制算法。算法依据缓存区的占用水平,通过构造控制序列,动态、细粒度地调整媒体的播放速率。在校园网环境下的模拟结果表明,该算法能够有效地减少缓存上溢或下溢引起的播放跳跃或停顿,从而实现流媒体的平滑播放。     

无线网络中的快速自适应实时流媒体控制算法

在流媒体网络传输中,如何降低媒体流的误码率和提供更好的媒体质量一直是流媒体研究所关注的焦点问题.本文在分析比较各类算法后,提出了一种适用于无线网络中的快速自适应实时流媒体控制算法,该算法能快速获取当前网络情况,并在保证媒体流质量稳定的前提下,非常快速、准确地调整发送端的媒体流速率.实验表明,该算法能够在不稳定的网络环境...     

车用自组网媒体访问控制机制改进

为提升车用自组网传输音频、视频的服务质量,对基于IEEE802.11p的车用无线接入技术MAC机制进行改进,提出竞争窗口自适应EDCA机制。仿真实验表明,竞争窗口自适应EDCA机制有效地降低了车用自组网中音频、视频流的传输时延、时延抖动和丢包率,保证了车用自组网传输VoIP、视频会议、音视频流媒体等多媒体业务的服务质量。     

延迟容忍网络自适应差错控制方法

根据延迟容忍网络的时延较大、误码率较高等特点,在现有的传输控制层和MAC层差错控制的基础上改进,结合IEEE 802.11 DCF机制的特点,提出一种基于MAC层丢包率的自适应差错控制方案.该方案能有效改善延迟容忍网络的传输时延,满足对时延要求比较敏感的业务的要求.     

支持区分服务的自适应链路层HARQ控制策略

提出了一种用于无线实时流媒体传输的自适应链路层HARQ控制策略,针对不同的信道状况或业务服务质量的要求动态选择混合AQR方案.该策略采用跨层设计的方法,基于增强型GM(1,1)预测当前的网络状态,自适应地调整ARQ参数Nmax;另一方面,在应用层采用自适应FEC策略,在视频源数据和冗余数据之间动态分配网络带宽.理论分析和仿真验证表明,该策略能使接收方获得最大的可播放帧率,有效地提高流媒体传输的可靠性和实时性.     

基于OpenFlow网络的流媒体传输QoS的研究与设计

Open Flow是软件定义网络(Software Definded Network,SDN)的产物,是一种新型的网络结构,且发展十分迅速。但Open Flow网络的Qo S功能仍待优化,针对于Open Flow网络中流媒体传输Qo S的不足,在现有网络Qo S模式基础上提出了Open Qo S,它应用于Open Flow网络的控制器上,采用动态路由的方式,使得流媒体在网络端到端传输时,能够根据网络状况,动态改变路由路径,进而提高网络Qo S。最后,通过一个小的拓扑网络对本研究进行了试验验证。     

Efficient HTTP-based streaming using Scalable Video Coding

HTTP-based video streaming has been gaining popularity within the recent years. There are multiple benefits of relying on HTTP/TCP connections, such as the usage of the widely deployed network caches to relieve video servers from sending the same content to a high number of users and the avoidance of traversal issues with firewalls and NATs typical for RTP/UDP-based solutions. Therefore, many service providers resort to adopt HTTP streaming as the basis for their services. In this paper, the benefits of using the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) for a HTTP streaming service are shown, and the SVC based approach is compared to the AVC based approach. We show that network resources are more efficiently used and how the benefits of the traditional techniques can even be heightened by adopting the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) as the video codec for adaptive low delay streaming over HTTP. For the latter small playout-buffers are considered hence allowing low media access latency in the delivery chain and it is shown that adaptation is more effectively performed with the SVC based approach.     

一种面向视频传输的SVC码流排序方法

该文提出了一种适用于传输的可分级视频编码码流的排序方法。该方法通过对码流的合理选择和对失真的高效近似计算,优先传输率失真性能较好的可分级码流,从而提高了重建图像的质量。该文建立了用于划分复合可分级码流的状态模型,推导出了可分级码流失真的近似计算公式,在一定带宽限制下,采用率失真优化的方法对可分级码流进行排序。仿真结果表明该方法能提高视频流重建图像质量。     

Efficient Media Synchronization Mechanism for SVC Video Transport over IP Networks

The scalable extension of H.264, known as scalable video coding (SVC) has been the main focus of the Joint Video Team's work and was finalized at the end of 2007. Synchronization between media is an important aspect in the design of a scalable video streaming system. This paper proposes an efficient media synchronization mechanism for SVC video transport over IP networks. To support synchronization between video and audio bitstreams transported over IP networks, a real‐time transport protocol/RTP control protocol (RTP/RTCP) suite is usually employed. To provide an efficient mechanism for media synchronization between SVC video and audio, we suggest an efficient RTP packetization mode for inter‐layer synchronization within SVC video and propose a computationally efficient RTCP packet processing method for inter‐media synchronization. By adopting the computationally simple RTCP packet processing, we do not need to process every RTCP sender report packet for inter‐media synchronization. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism by comparing its performance with that of the conventional method.     

Adaptive cross-layer protection strategies for robust scalable video transmission over 802.11 WLANs

Robust streaming of video over 802.11 wireless local area networks poses many challenges, including coping with bandwidth variations, data losses, and heterogeneity of the receivers. Currently, each network layer (including physical layer, media access control (MAC), transport, and application layers) provides a separate solution to these challenges by providing its own optimized adaptation and protection mechanisms. However, this layered strategy does not always result in an optimal overall performance for the transmission of video. Moreover, certain protection strategies can be implemented simultaneously in several layers and, hence, the optimal choices from the application and complexity perspective need to be identified. In this paper, we evaluate different error control and adaptation mechanisms available in the different layers for robust transmission of video, namely MAC retransmission strategy, application-layer forward error correction, bandwidth-adaptive compression using scalable coding, and adaptive packetization strategies. Subsequently, we propose a novel adaptive cross-layer protection strategy for enhancing the robustness and efficiency of scalable video transmission by performing tradeoffs between throughput, reliability, and delay depending on the channel conditions and application requirements. The results obtained using the proposed adaptive cross-layer protection strategies show a significantly improved visual performance for the transmitted video over a variety of channel conditions.     

SVC-based multisource streaming for robust video transmission in mobile ad hoc networks

Emerging noninfrastructure-based network types like mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are becoming suitable platforms for exchanging/sharing real-time video streams, because of recent progress in routing algorithms, throughput and transmission bit-rate. MANETs are characterized by highly dynamic behavior of the transmission routes and path outage probabilities. In this article a multisource streaming approach is presented to increase the robustness of real-time video transmission in MANETs. For that, video coding as well as channel coding techniques on the application layer are introduced, exploiting the multisource representation of the transferred media. Source coding is based on the scalable video coding (SVC) extension of H.264/MPEG4-AVC with different layers for assigning importance for transmission. Channel coding is based on a novel unequal packet loss protection (UPLP) scheme, which is based on Raptor forward error correction (FEC) codes. While in the presented approach, the reception of a single stream guarantees base quality only, the combined reception enables playback of video at full quality and/or lower error rates. Furthermore, an application layer protocol is introduced for supporting peer-to-peer based multisource streaming in MANETs     

Reducing Channel Capacity for Scalable Video Coding in a Distributed Network

In recent years, the development of multimedia devices has meant that a wider multimedia streaming service can be supported, and there are now many ways in which TV channels can communicate with different terminals. Generally, scalable video streaming is known to provide more efficient channel capacity than simulcast video streaming. Simulcast video streaming requires a large network bandwidth for all resolutions, but scalable video streaming needs only one flow for all resolutions. In previous research, scalable video streaming has been compared with simulcast video streaming for network channel capacity, in two user simulation environments. The simulation results show that the channel capacity of SVC is 16% to 20% smaller than AVC, but scalable video streaming is not efficient because of the limit of the present network framework. In this paper, we propose a new network framework with an SVC extractor. The proposed network framework shows a channel capacity 50% (maximum) lower than that found in previous research studies.     

可伸缩视频流的安全网络编码方案

为了使可伸缩视频流在异构网络中达到分层安全等级的目的,运用随机函数来随机化视频流各层中的部分数据流,并结合网络编码来抵御已知的明文攻击。此外,对网络编码器进行了研究,设计有序随机线性网络编码器用于可伸缩视频的传输,可以用很少的随机化操作来达到可扩展的安全等级,并降低通信开销。分析表明,所提方案可有效增加网络的吞吐率。