共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 722 毫秒
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Yih-Guang Jan Hsien-Wei Tseng Yang-Han Lee Chih-Yuan Lo Liang-Yu Yen 《Wireless Personal Communications》2014,77(2):1129-1143
One of the most efficient methods to reduce the dropping and blocking probabilities of the secondary users (SUs) in cognitive radio networks is channel sub-banding strategy. This means that when all the channels are occupied by the primary and secondary users, then the SUs’ channels can be divided into two sub-bands, and two SUs can use a sub-band, simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an opportunistic spectrum sharing system in cognitive radio networks in which, the channel sub-banding strategy is implemented. Furthermore, we describe the problem of channel sub-banding considering the spectrum sensing errors such as false alarm and miss-detection events for both initial and on-going SUs’ calls. Due to unreliable spectrum sensing by the SUs and subsequently possible interference with the primary users, we assume that both primary and secondary users may lose the channel due to the collision. The proposed model is analyzed by a two-dimensional Markov chain model and for performance evaluation, metrics such as blocking and dropping probabilities and channel utilization are derived. Numerical and simulation results show the accuracy of the proposed model which can be used in the evaluation of future cognitive radio networks’ performance. 相似文献
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认知无线电系统中,通过频谱检测所获得的主用户位置信息和信道使用状态信息分别反映空间域和时间域的频谱使用情况,其准确性关系到次用户伺机频谱接入的效率。本文研究空间和时间联合频谱检测问题,将其建模为主用户位置参数和信道使用状态的联合估计问题,提出了一种基于粒子滤波的协作式空时联合频谱检测方法,主要思想是采用离散随机测度逼近位置参数和信道状态的联合后验概率分布函数,根据该分布估计出主用户位置和信道状态。同时,该方法结合由估计得到的空间和时间信息,自适应选择靠近主用户且对称分布的次用户参与协作检测,增加各次用户提供信息的有效性,从而提高估计的准确性;最后,通过仿真验证了方法的有效性。 相似文献
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In cognitive radio networks, the secondary users take chances to access the spectrum without causing interference to the primary users so that the spectrum access is dynamic and somewhat opportunistic. Therefore, spectrum sensing is of significant importance. In this paper, we propose a novel time-domain combining cooperative spectrum sensing framework, in which the time consumed by reporting for one secondary user is also utilized for other secondary users’ sensing. We focus on the optimal sensing settings of the proposed sensing scheme to maximize the secondary users’ throughput and minimize the average sensing error probability under the constraint that the primary users are sufficiently protected. Some simple algorithms are also derived to calculate the optimal solutions. Simulation results show that fundamental improvement of the achievable throughput and sensing performance can be obtained by optimal sensing settings. In addition, our proposed scheme outperforms the general frame structure on either achievable throughput or the performance of average sensing error probability. 相似文献
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Juncheng Jia Qian Zhang Xuemin Shen 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》2008,26(1):106-117
Radio spectrum resource is of fundamental importance for wireless communication. Recent reports show that most available spectrum has been allocated. While some of the spectrum bands (e.g., unlicensed band, GSM band) have seen increasingly crowded usage, most of the other spectrum resources are underutilized. This drives the emergence of open spectrum and dynamic spectrum access concepts, which allow unlicensed users equipped with cognitive radios to opportunistically access the spectrum not used by primary users. Cognitive radio has many advanced features, such as agilely sensing the existence of primary users and utilizing multiple spectrum bands simultaneously. However, in practice such capabilities are constrained by hardware cost. In this paper, we discuss how to conduct efficient spectrum management in ad hoc cognitive radio networks while taking the hardware constraints (e.g., single radio, partial spectrum sensing and spectrum aggregation limit) into consideration. A hardware-constrained cognitive MAC, HC-MAC, is proposed to conduct efficient spectrum sensing and spectrum access decision. We identify the issue of optimal spectrum sensing decision for a single secondary transmission pair, and formulate it as an optimal stopping problem. A decentralized MAC protocol is then proposed for the ad hoc cognitive radio networks. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed protocol. 相似文献
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In cognitive radio (CR) networks, the gray spaces sensing scheme for classifying whether the energy source is the primary user directly affects quality of service of CR users and the throughput for the secondary networks. In this paper, we proposed a two-stage sensing scheme consisting of a series of consecutive energy detection based on generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detection. Simulation results showed that the proposed sensing scheme could detect primary signal in lower signal-to-nose ratio (SNR) than energy detection, but it needs more sample numbers. 相似文献
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Cross-Layer Based Opportunistic MAC Protocols for QoS Provisionings Over Cognitive Radio Wireless Networks 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Hang Su Xi Zhang 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》2008,26(1):118-129
We propose the cross-layer based opportunistic multi-channel medium access control (MAC) protocols, which integrate the spectrum sensing at physical (PHY) layer with the packet scheduling at MAC layer, for the wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, the MAC protocols enable the secondary users to identify and utilize the leftover frequency spectrum in a way that constrains the level of interference to the primary users. In our proposed protocols, each secondary user is equipped with two transceivers. One transceiver is tuned to the dedicated control channel, while the other is designed specifically as a cognitive radio that can periodically sense and dynamically use the identified un-used channels. To obtain the channel state accurately, we propose two collaborative channel spectrum-sensing policies, namely, the random sensing policy and the negotiation-based sensing policy, to help the MAC protocols detect the availability of leftover channels. Under the random sensing policy, each secondary user just randomly selects one of the channels for sensing. On the other hand, under the negotiation-based sensing policy, different secondary users attempt to select the distinct channels to sense by overhearing the control packets over the control channel. We develop the Markov chain model and the M/GY/1-based queueing model to characterize the performance of our proposed multi-channel MAC protocols under the two types of channel-sensing policies for the saturation network and the non-saturation network scenarios, respectively. In the non-saturation network case, we quantitatively identify the tradeoff between the aggregate traffic throughput and the packet transmission delay, which can provide the insightful guidelines to improve the delay-QoS provisionings over cognitive radio wireless networks. 相似文献
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Reinforcement learning for cooperative sensing gain in cognitive radio ad hoc networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Spectrum sensing is a fundamental function in cognitive radio networks for detecting the presence of primary users in licensed bands. The detection performance may be considerably compromised due to multipath fading and shadowing. To resolve this issue, cooperative sensing is an effective approach to combat channel impairments by cooperation of secondary users. This approach, however, incurs overhead such as delay for reporting local decisions and the increase of control traffic. In this paper, a reinforcement learning-based cooperative sensing (RLCS) method is proposed to address the cooperation overhead problem and improve cooperative gain in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. The proposed algorithm is proven to converge and capable of (1) finding the optimal set of cooperating neighbors with minimum control traffic, (2) minimizings the overall cooperative sensing delay, (3) selecting independent users for cooperation under correlated shadowing, and (4) excluding unreliable users and data from cooperation. Simulation results show that the RLCS method reduces the overhead of cooperative sensing while effectively improving the detection performance to combat correlated shadowing. Moreover, it adapts to environmental change and maintains comparable performance under the impact of primary user activity, user movement, user reliability, and control channel fading. 相似文献
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为了提高认知无线电网络中主用户的能效和谱效,提出了一种基于合约制的协作频谱共享新模型。在该模型中,当主用户信道质量差时,次用户为其提供中继服务;作为回报,在主用户信道质量好时,次用户可以在一定的干扰约束下以underlay的模式和主用户共享频谱。在此框架下引入经济学中的合约理论,将主次用户间的协作问题建模为合约设计问题,并建立了主次用户评价合约收益的效用函数,将提高主用户的能效和谱效问题转变为设计合约使主用户获得最大效用的优化问题,并利用差分进化算法对该问题求解。最后,在不同的环境下,将主用户协作与不协作获得的效用进行对比,结果表明,主用户在没有额外投入频谱资源的条件下,不仅节省了发送功率,而且有效地提高了数据传输速率,进而提高了能效和谱效。 相似文献
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Lun Tang Qianbin Chen Guangyu Wang Xiaoping Zeng Huan Wang 《Telecommunication Systems》2013,52(4):2071-2082
In this paper we have studied the subcarrier and optimal power allocation strategy for OFDM-based cognitive radio (CR) networks. Firstly, in order to protect the primary user communication from the interference of the cognitive user transmissions in fading wireless channels, we design an opportunistic power control scheme to maximize the cognitive user capacity without degrading primary user’s QoS. The mathematical optimization problem is formulated as maximizing the capacity of the secondary users under the interference constraint at the primary receiver and the Lagrange method is applied to obtain the optimal solution. Secondly, in order to limit the outage probability within primary user’s tolerable range we analyze the outage probability of the primary user with respect to the interference power of the secondary user for imperfect CSI. Finally, in order to get the better tradeoff between fairness and system capacity in cognitive radio networks, we proposed an optimal algorithm of jointing subcarrier and power allocation scheme among multiple secondary users in OFDM-based cognitive radio networks. Simulation results demonstrate that our scheme can improve the capacity performance and efficiently guarantee the fairness of secondary users. 相似文献
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Blind Spectrum Sensing Algorithms for Cognitive Radio Networks 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on》2008,57(5):2834-2842
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Spectrum sensing and access have been widely investigated in cognitive radio network for the secondary users to efficiently utilize and share the spectrum licensed by the primary user. We propose a cluster‐based adaptive multispectrum sensing and access strategy, in which the secondary users seeking to access the channel can select a set of channels to sense and access with adaptive sensing time. Specifically, the spectrum sensing and access problem is formulated into an optimization problem, which maximizes the utility of the secondary users and ensures sufficient protection of the primary users and the transmitting secondary users from unacceptable interference. Moreover, we explicitly calculate the expected number of channels that are detected to be idle, or being occupied by the primary users, or being occupied by the transmitting secondary users. Spectrum sharing with the primary and transmitting secondary users is accomplished by adapting the transmission power to keep the interference to an acceptable level. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed sensing and access strategy as well as its advantage over conventional sensing and access methods in terms of improving the achieved throughput and keeping the sensing overhead low. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于可靠次用户信息的协作频谱感知算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对认知无线电系统最基本要求之一就是次用户必须有能力以高的精确率来确定主用户是否存在。而以前对认知无线电频谱感知的研究表明:在实际认知网络中次用户之间的相互协作可以提高其频谱检测性能。然而,对于协作频谱感知而言,随着协作次用户数目的增加,势必会增大用于传输本地检测结果到融合中心的专用控制信道带宽,从而增加系统开销。该文在控制信道带宽有限的约束条件下,提出一种通过考虑可靠次用户信息的协作频谱感知算法来进一步改善频谱检测的性能。该算法的基本思想:只有具有可靠的本地检测结果的次用户才发送自己的检测结果到融合中心,否则,该次用户不发送任何信息。同时,对提出的该算法在理论上进行了推导,通过仿真结果表明:在控制信道带宽受限的约束下,相比于传统的或门协作频谱感知算法,提出的算法能够大大改善对主用户的检测性能。 相似文献