生物慢滤水处理技术在天竺山森林公园中的应用

本文简要介绍了生物慢滤水处理技术的净水原理、技术特点及慢滤池的结构。并通过工程实例,说明慢滤水处理技术是一种技术可行,经济合理的简易水处理技术,非常适合农村地区的小型供水系统,尤其是有丰富地表水和浅层地下水的森林景区。     

微生态滤床在雨水利用暨景观水处理中的应用研究

运用微型生态滤床技术处理雨水暨景观水系统,将二者合二为一,保持整个系统运行的生态性,并将处理后雨水合理贮存后,用于屋顶绿化系统的浇洒。介绍了微型生态滤床技术,从设计、运行、经济、管理等方面,对系统运行效果进行总结,提出可供小区雨水收集利用工程和景观水体处理工程设计借鉴的水体处理生态模型。并对本方案进行小结并展望生态水处理技术的广阔前景。     

河北科技大学中水处理站的设计与运行

为了节约水资源,河北科技大学建设了规模为3 200 m3/d的中水处理站,采用一种新的组合工艺———物化预处理/接触氧化/曝气生物滤池/砂滤/消毒工艺,出水水质达到了《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T 18920—2002)标准。该工艺具有处理效率高、运行稳定、操作控制方便等特点,可广泛应用于类似污水及中水处理的实际工程。     

集蓄坝与岸滤组合取水设施对村镇山区水源的适用性

山区溪流作为水厂水源之一，其水量、水质的常年波动严重增加了水厂的运行负荷，而集蓄坝与岸滤组合取水技术作为一种经济的水处理工艺，通过河岸过滤截留浊质和去除污染物、通过集蓄坝截留和汇集溪流入渗水，可满足水厂对进水水量和水质的要求。探究了3种岸滤系统对不同水质原水的处理效果，结果表明，它们对有机物均有较高的去除率，且相较于砾石层、砂层来说，土石混合层的抗冲击负荷能力更好，并且对抗生素、农药等污染物具有更好的吸附性。Hydrus2D/3D模拟结果证明，集蓄坝的设置能有效汇集地下水，保证渗井产水量满足水厂要求。可见，在一定条件下集蓄坝与岸滤组合取水技术普遍适用于山区溪流等水源的预处理。     

台北市国际金融大厦中水处理系统

台北市国际金融大厦将其产生的杂排水（800m^3/d）经过二级处理及砂滤、活性炭吸附、软化等三级处理后与经物化、砂滤处理的雨水（100 m^3/d）汇集,进入中水处理系统.工程实践表明,系统运行稳定,出水水质良好,可用于机电设备和空调冷却、消防、冲厕、绿化等.     

大梯度磁滤处理微污染麓湖水的研究

介绍了大梯度磁滤技术应用于珠江水域中麓湖水处理的试验情况 ,结果表明 ,该工艺对水中浊度、色度、有机物、细菌、大肠杆菌、藻类等都具有很好的去除效果 ,是一项很有发展前景的水处理技术     

国外农村饮用水家用简易处理技术装置

针对农村地区供水分散的特点,国外注重发展小型饮用水处理技术,研发出多种家用饮水处理设备,这些设备具有处理效果较稳定、成本低廉、工艺简单、易于操作和维护、无能耗的特点,得到了大力推广和广泛应用,有效提高了农村生活饮用水质.     

初期弃流/旋流分离/生态浮床工艺处理径流雨水

雨水的资源化利用对于缓解水资源危机、维护城市水生态系统的健康具有重要意义。针对城市雨水径流的水质特点,提出了初期弃流/水力旋流分离/生态浮床组合工艺,并用于镇江市雨水处理与回用示范工程。运行结果表明,初期弃流池和旋流分离器对SS的去除起主要作用,最高去除率都在70%以上,而生态浮床主要是去除COD和溶解态的氮、磷,三者除污作用的互补确保了系统对暴雨径流中SS、COD、NH+4-N、TN和TP均有较好的去除效果,使出水水质达到了城市绿化用水水质标准。该工程集城市雨水收集、处理及回用于一体,为南方城市住宅小区、学校、公园等建筑场所的雨水资源化利用提供了示范。     

膜分离法在饮用水处理中的应用

膜分离法经过不断发展和完善,目前已成为一种重要的单元工艺,并且逐渐发展到饮用水水处理领域。膜分离法主要包括微滤(MF)、超滤(UF)、反渗透(RO)、纳滤(NF)、电渗析(ED)、渗析(D)、渗透蒸发(PV)及液膜(LM)工艺。膜分离法由于占地面积小,处理效率高,并且可以实现自动控制,易于维护,出水水质稳定,在饮用水处理中具有很好的发展前景。     

采用微絮凝/大梯度磁滤工艺处理珠江水的研究

研究了微絮凝/大梯度磁滤工艺对珠江水的处理效果。结果表明,该技术对水中细菌、大肠杆菌、有机物、颗粒物都有很好的去除效果,对细菌的去除率达到99%、对大肠杆菌的去除率可达到95.4%、对有机物的去除率达到55%,稳定阶段对颗粒物的平均去除率达到80%。此外,该工艺省却了沉淀过程,降低了运行成本和工程投资。可见,微絮凝/大梯度磁滤工艺是一种处理效果好、经济、简单的水处理工艺。     

污泥制砖存在问题浅析

污泥制砖符合国家的环保政策,但在技术方面还待进一步创新和突破。为此分析了污泥制砖在技术方面、环保方面和社会大众认可方面存在问题及相应的改进措施。     

干旱区绿洲环境下的新疆小城镇建设投资

一、研究区域基本现状新疆地处欧亚大陆腹地,地貌轮廓表现为“三山夹两盆”,山地与平原的面积大致各占50%,镶嵌于戈壁沙漠的绿洲仅有7万平方公里。新疆土地面积166.49万平方公里,占全国总面积的六分之一。气候干旱,荒漠广布,是中国最大的干旱区,是亚洲干旱核心区,也是世界上著名的干旱区之一。水资源短缺,生态极度脆弱。新疆2004年底有1950万人,人均GDP已经超过了1000美元,城镇化进入了快速发展阶段,特别是小城镇的发展速度较快。但新疆特殊的干旱区绿洲环境,使得小城镇的发展存在许多问题。一是城镇规模小而散,基础设施配套差,城镇集散和…     

Levels of manganese in the urine of female farmers in non-polluted regions in Japan

Nearly 1500 urine samples were collected from female farmers in eight regions widely scattered in the islands of Japan in the winter of 1987-1988. The samples were analysed for manganese by wet ashing and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry under strict quality control. The values observed after adjustment for a specific gravity of 1.016 were distributed log-normally with a geometric mean of 0.65 microgram/l and a geometric standard deviation of 2.47. There was no effect of aging or any effect of smoking on the urinary manganese concentration. The inter-regional difference may be present but not yet conclusive. As no sex difference was observed in a previous study, it may be possible to deduce that the value may possibly stand for the "background" level of both men and women, either smoking or non-smoking, among the general Japanese population. The observed value is discussed in comparison with values reported in the literature.     

Intersections of inequality in homeownership in Sweden

Abstract

Inequalities relating to ownership of housing have become a major issue de jour in many Western societies. This article examines how the distribution of homeownership in Sweden relates to two factors widely seen as significant to such inequalities, namely parental tenure status and place of birth. We use longitudinal registry data to examine the bearing of these two factors on individual-level tenure progression since the beginning of the 1990s for persons at different stages of their housing careers. We extend existing understandings of Swedish homeownership patterns by demonstrating that inequalities relating to place of birth and parental tenure intersect with one another in ways that substantially advantage certain subgroups while disadvantaging others, and by demonstrating that experiences of entry into homeownership have in recent years been changing in markedly different ways for these different subgroups. Overall, Swedish homeownership inequalities, far from dissipating, appear to be hardening along existing lines.     

Typification of Fires in Buildings in Spain

Although the Dirección de General de Protección Civil (DGPC), an agency of the Spanish government, has been responsible for the collection of data and the statistical analysis of fires since 1985, it has not as yet issued any reports. It is true that a couple of studies have been made, but in neither case did they use a standardized methodology but relied simply on the heterogeneous information provided by the fire brigades which cooperated in the studies. At that time Spanish fire brigades did not have special units for professional fire investigation, nor was the information derived from standardized methodologies suited to research purposes. In addition, information was extremely scarce and basic, focussed only on the fire, the use of the building and personal data of the victims. In this context, the project for a Fire Investigation Unit in the Fire Brigade of Málaga (the sixth largest Spanish province in inhabitants) was set up. Although inspired in the methodologies used in the USA and in the UK, the aim was to create a customized methodology for the first scientific investigation of fires in Spain. Our research was conducted in 2007. Using the methodologies of the USA and the UK, our own methodological approach and the Spanish regulations, we drew up a questionnaire with 110 variables arranged into 6 modules. We studied 96 fires out of the 154 emergency fire calls received in 2007, having omitted some emergency calls for various reasons. Our results revealed that it was necessary to generalize the installation of fire extinguishers in residential buildings, to train the general public in the use of these devices, to promote the use of fire and smoke detectors in residential buildings, to encourage the inspection and control of old electric installations and to monitor the new installations, to generalize the implementation of emergency and evacuation plans and to design new systems and materials for the cabinets where hand-held extinguishers are stored.     

莳花在城市绿化中的应用

目的:花化、香化、彩化已成为城市园林绿化的主要趋势,也是为满足人们对环境要求越来越高的一种心境。方法:选择采用莳花能表现出品种繁多,色彩艳丽等不同的方式,从而能在很大程度上丰富了植物造景的层次感要求。结果:能使其达到美化环境、增添节日气氛、提高绿化品质等方面有着突出的作用。结论:莳花造景对城市的美化可达到立杆见影效果,从而提高城市的形象和品位。     

分光光度法测水中余氯

介绍了用双硫腙分光光度法测定水中余氯的新方法，阐述了其测定试验过程，根据试验结果显示，其结论符合国家标准，表明该方法可用于自来水等样品中余氯含量的测定，结果比较准确。     

日本城市浅层地下空间利用的新成就

本文结合日本川崎市站前广场和神户市哈巴兰德地区的立体化再开发，分析介绍当前日本浅层地下空间开发利用的成就和特点。     

遗传算法在边坡稳定系数计算中的应用

边坡稳定性的关键问题是确定最危险滑动面(潜在最危险滑动面)和边坡的稳定系数。国内外一般是采用先假定边坡滑移模式,然后近似确定最危险滑动面,再求近似的边坡稳定系数的方法来分析边坡的稳定性,但假设的边坡滑移模式难以反映边坡滑移的实际状态。因此本文探索利用遗传算法搜索最危险滑动面,并得到最小稳定系数及对应的最危险滑动面曲线,取得了较好的效果。     

建筑设计创作中的地域文化探索——合肥文博苑创作体会

探索地域文化的发展是民族发展的重要课题。合肥文博苑建立在新城区,作者在其建筑与环境的创作中,既保持合肥地域文化传统,又体现现代文化精神。