低收入住区居民通勤行为特征及影响因素——昆明市案例分析

针对城市低收入人群这一弱势群体,基于城市地理学和城市社会学相结合的视角,以低收入住区居民作为低收入人群的代表,揭示城市社会空间分异和空间结构重组背景下的低收入群体通勤行为特征、内部差异及其影响因素。以昆明市为样本城市,采用调查问卷的方法,对城中村、保障性住区(包含廉租、公租、经适住区)和衰败工厂家属区三类低收入住区居民的通勤行为进行定量分析。研究发现,不仅不同类型住区、不同就业岗位低收入人群的通勤行为存在明显差异,其通勤行为的影响因素也与一般市民不同。研究结果可为进一步探索城市弱势群体的就业障碍和居住空间隔离等问题提供基础。     

南京市低收入人群居住空间分异发展研究

南京低收入人群居住空间分异在城市整体层面呈现出愈发清晰的态势。笔者着眼于计划经济时期、体制改革初期和市场经济时期3个阶段,从城市空间分异的形成机制角度对上述空间分异发展历史进行分析和总结,为系统、完善的解决低收入人群居住问题提供研究基础。     

社会—空间视角下的连云港城市居住空间分异研究

随着经济社会的发展,居住分异有愈演愈烈之势。该文从社会—空间的视角出发,采用住房数据与问卷访谈相结合的方式,建立起房价分异与居民阶层分化的内在联系,对连云港城市居住空间分异进行研究,进而总结出其居住分异的特征。具体来说,首先,用聚类分析法将住宅分成六类,利用分异指数对城市不同品质住区进行整体上的宏观测度。其次,以街道为中观尺度,从行政区与圈层两个方面分别进行测度。最后通过建立Logistic模型,对居民住宅选择的微观因素进行剖析。     

混合型社区居住隔离问题初探

城市居住空间分异与居住隔离的出现是市场经济发展中不可逾越的阶段,随着市场经济条件下住房分配制度的改革、住宅产业化步伐的推进、住区管理体制的变迁以及城市住宅开发渠道的日益拓宽,各种新型的住区不断涌现,城市社区居住隔离的现象日趋明显。目前,对居住隔离问题展开的研究多侧重于分析宏观层面居住隔离的空间格局、动力机制以及分异模式。虽然也有就一些特定社会空间的实证研究,但都是针对不同类型社区之间的分异探讨,而针对混合型社区居住隔离(居民个体心理层次与社区内部分异)的微观能动及深层次系统研究还比较薄弱。     

城市低收入住区的产生机制及其影响研究

低收入人群在某些城市住区的空间聚集导致城市低收入住区的产生,并引发城市低收入住区发展及其居民生活和发展等方面的一系列社会问题。文章对国内、外有关城市低收入住区的产生机制及其影响等方面的相关研究进行综述,并指出中国城市低收入住区未来研究需要关注的主要方向和问题。     

混合居住在公共住房中的实现途径

公共住房在改善了城市低收入人群的居住状况的同时，也在一定程度上促进了低收入者聚居的趋势，加剧了城市居住空间的分异。而混合居住模式则是缓解城市居住空间分异的有效途径。为此，本文将从公共住房带来的居住分异研究入手．结合混合居住模式理论及实践，对公共住房如何应对居住分异和混合居住的实现途径展开研究。     

南京市居住空间分异现象初探——以南京中央路地块为例

随着市场经济条件下的住房体制不断发展,城市住区类型呈现出多元发展的特征,很多城市中居住空间分异现象也日趋明显。本文以南京市的中央路地块为例,分析了地块中典型住区的背景和居住空间特征,总结了地块中各类社区存在明显不同的生活状态,居住空间存在一定得分异现象的特点,并给出相应的评价和建议,以期可以延缓居住空间分异现象。     

住区规划与城市住宅层数发展策略研究

在城市住宅中,住宅层数是较关键的构成要素,也是城市住区规划和住宅研究的重要内容,同时也是衡量国家经济技术水平和居住质量状况的有效指标.因此,在剖析多层住宅的基础上,分析住宅层数对住区规划的影响,提出城市住宅层数的发展策略,以期为未来城市住区规划和住宅层数的发展提供参考.     

大城市低收入阶层住区空间分布研究--以武汉市为例

随着城市化快速发展,城市用地不断扩张,城市低收入居住空间的不平衡发展问题越来越突出。通过对武汉市低收入阶层住区的类型、空间分布特征及存．问题进行分析,并结合大规模实地调查,深入了解低收入阶层在选择住房区位过程中的特点和需求,为大城市低收入阶层住区空间发展优化提供对策。     

城市低收入阶层住区空间环境居民满意度影响因素研究——以武汉市为例

该文根据对武汉市主城区内具有代表性的33个低收入阶层住区进行的住区空间环境居民满意度的调查,应用SPSS统计方法,研究了影响武汉市低收入阶层住区空间环境居民满意度的主要因子,并分析其影响作用,从而获得对居住环境和居住需求的进一步认识,为低收入阶层住区空间环境规划设计提供依据。     

保障性住房人居环境评价及其影响因素研究——以广州市保障房住区为例

为解决“民有所居”的问题, 我国进行了大规模保障性住房的建设, 关注此类住房的人居环境是以人为本的重要体现。以广州市 4 个保障房住区近 800 户居民为研究对象进行入户调研, 建立包含客观建成环境和居民主观评价两大维度的保障房人居环境评价体系,并运用多元线性回归对其影响因素进行研究。结果表明,保障房居民对住区人居环境感到比较满意,但精神层面生活品质仍有提升空间;进一步发现,住房环境评价受人均住房面积、家庭人均月收入、入住时长、建造年代影响;住区环境评价受区位、建造年代影响;社会关系评价受建造年代、入住时长影响。针对研究结论,提出相应的改进建议,为保障房建设提升及相关政策的完善提供参考。     

于GWR模型的广州市住宅价格影响因素研究

以广州市“都会区”为例,基于2016~2019年住宅小区均价及POI数据,综合运用kriging插值、GWR模型对广州市住宅价格空间分布结构及其影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明:2016~2019年广州市住宅价格整体呈上升趋势,沿珠江水系发展的双核、多次中心、组团式的空间结构已基本成型;高速/快速路口、三甲医院、省一级小学对住宅价格的回归系数在中心城区与近郊区域间呈明显的正负差异,绿化率、地铁、房龄等单向影响因素回归系数强弱渐变;房龄、CBD、省一级小学、三甲医院、绿化率、休闲配套对中心城区住宅价格影响较大,而近郊区域主要受地铁、高速/快速路口的影响;较全局OLS模型,GWR模型的拟合优度大幅提高19.9%,能够更加精确地研究住宅价格影响因素的空间异质性。     

Residential satisfaction among young people in post-socialist countries: the case of Serbia

Change in labor markets, extended education period and economic instability are negatively influencing housing accessibility of young adults. In post-socialist countries, such as Serbia, the biggest issues are the lack of supply volume and diversity of government subsidized housing, as well as the soaring prices of the newly built homes. As a result, young people are relying on the unregulated private rental market or their families to help them enter homeownership and acquire residential independence. There is an apparent need for affordable housing or policies which are catering to young people’s needs. The relevant body of research has been using residential satisfaction approach to provide an evaluation of the variety of housing available to young tenants. Hence, the primary purpose of this paper is to identify the factors which are significantly related or can predict the higher residential satisfaction and can be beneficial to the future policy makers in Serbia. To assess the residential satisfaction, following variables were included: socioeconomic characteristics, residential status, current housing characteristics, problems faced in the current dwelling, housing attribute preferences, privacy perception, dwelling proximity, neighborhood attachment, as well as overall residential satisfaction. The findings indicate that young people in Serbia had average levels of satisfaction with their housing despite the various problems and lack of privacy they were facing in the apartments. Higher residential satisfaction in this research was significantly predicted by the marital status of our respondents (single people were more satisfied), homeownership tenancy status, independent living arrangement, larger apartment size, greater levels of privacy and higher neighborhood attachment.     

基于价格预测研究宏观调控对住宅价格的影响

为了说明政府宏观调控对商品住宅价格的影响,在文献研究的基础上,从宏观经济因素、房地产开发统计因素、人口因素、金融因素四个方面分析选取商品住宅价格的主要影响因素,结合济南市2000~2009 年的相关数据,运用主成分分析法,消除变量间多重共线性影响,建立了多元线性回归预测模型。对济南市2010 年、2011 年商品住宅价格进行预测。比较预测价格与市场价格差异,分析差异产生的原因,认为宏观调控政策显著地影响着住宅的价格。     

面向廉租房的城市旧住宅改造研究

通过对城市发展中遗留的大量旧住宅进行改造研究,分析当前低收入人群的居住生活需求,提出面向廉租房的旧住宅改造建议,以及旧住宅改造方式,探讨旧住宅改造廉租住宅的可能性。     

陕西省公共租赁住房保障体系发展现状分析

中国处于经济高速发展的阶段,城市化与城镇化快速推进,经济快速发展不断加大贫富差距,更使房价不断攀升,这使得城市人群中低收入人群的住房问题变得棘手。因此,住房问题成为国内最热话题之一。由于租金高、房价高从而导致租房难、买房难,这是目前城市低收入人群共同的难处。目前公租房已经在大多数城市展开建设,但是陕西省公租房在制度、建设、管理及将来的运营过程中存在的问题值得思考。对于公租房的发展现状进行分析对研究公租房保障体系很有帮助,通过分析问题可以对公租房目前存在的问题加以改善,以完善中国住房保障体系。     

Unconventional housing provision: reflections on health aspects: a case study of Zimbabwe

When the Zimbabwean government embarked on the countrywide destruction of unconventional urban housing settlements code-named “Operation Murambatsvina”, it received international condemnation for displacing people and destroying livelihoods. While the operation negatively affected the residents, it also had some positive effects, given that most of the settlements that had sprouted up in cities did not have proper physical infrastructure. However, their destruction did not put a stop to spontaneous housing, as the displaced people relocated to peripheral locations, perpetuating some unconventional settlements already in existence and erecting new ones. The failure of states to cope with massive demand for low-income housing simply means that unconventional housing will not disappear in the foreseeable future. Unfortunately, these areas lack proper physical infrastructure, which is the most important health component of human settlements. The most realistic means of dealing with these health concerns is to ensure that the settlements are equipped with proper physical infrastructure. This paper critically evaluates physical infrastructure provision in unconventional housing settlements in Harare, Zimbabwe. The argument is that developing countries need to accept unconventional housing as part of their housing options for the poor. The authors conclude that the only way to provide proper and healthy housing for the urban poor is to streamline government policies in order to address the critical issues that affect human settlements.     

北京大兴北臧村保障房景观设计的可行性途径

随着保障房供应量的提高,保障房景观的打造和质量提高也逐渐成为居住者日益强烈的需求。本文针对保障房现状存在的普遍问题,结合北京市大兴区北臧村居住区保障房景观设计项目,通过景观功能需求分析、成本控制及相关的技术手段打造出功能齐全、经济适用、生态健康的居住环境。     

Examining the Impacts of Land Supply on Housing Price in Chinese Mega Cities: An Analysis of Prefecture-Level Cities in China from 2009 to 2016

Residential land supply is considered a powerful tool for intervening in the housing market in China. There has been continuous debate on the correlation between residential land supply and housing prices. Based on 35 Chinese prefecture-level cities' panel data from 2009 to 2016, this study investigates the spatio-temporal characteristics of residential land supply and housing prices, and explores their relationship applying Generalized Moment Models(GMM). The results show that(1) there is an overall downward trend in residential land supply and a significant rise in housing prices in most Chinese mega cities from 2009 to 2016, and the extent varies in four economic-geographical regions;(2) the decrease in the quantity of residential land supply contributes to the rise in housing prices to some degree, but there is no significant correlation between the land supply structure and housing prices. With the integration of socio-economic factors, the quantitative results validate the previous theoretical models of the casual correlation between residential land supply and housing prices. It further depicts the constraint of insufficient residential land supply in Chinese mega cities and claims it to be a contributor of rising housing prices. The paper concludes with implications for housing strategies and future studies.