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在三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中分别加入氧化剂型、氨基衍生物型和硫化物等甲醛捕捉剂,然后通过微波发泡制备三聚氰胺泡沫塑料,讨论了不同类型的甲醛捕捉剂对三聚氰胺甲醛树脂及泡沫塑料性能的影响。结果表明,氨基衍生物型甲醛捕捉剂不仅能有效地降低树脂中甲醛含量,还能延长树脂储存时间,其中带有脲、亚氨基和烷基基团的IH–2型氨类甲醛捕捉剂具有较高的捕捉甲醛能力,当其质量分数为5%时,树脂储存时间由2 d延长到5.3 d、游离甲醛含量由5.42%降低到0.23%,且对应的三聚氰胺泡沫塑料甲醛释放量为0.31 mg/L,低于业内称为"零甲醛"E0级产品的甲醛释放量上限值(0.5 mg/L);与未加甲醛捕捉剂的相比,加入质量分数为5%的IH–2,可使泡沫塑料的回弹率、撕裂强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了12.7%,40%,31.3%和35.4%。 相似文献
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将甲醛溶液和多聚甲醛按质量比1∶1与一定量的三聚氰胺、改性剂(聚乙二醇200、己内酰胺、一缩二乙二醇、乙二醇)在一定的反应条件下制得可发性改性三聚氰胺–甲醛(MF)树脂,并在80℃下对其进行发泡制备泡沫塑料。采用正交实验考察了反应温度、p H值、甲醛/三聚氰胺物质的量之比(F/M)、改性剂种类及其用量对改性MF树脂固含量、黏度、储存期以及泡沫塑料表观密度的影响,在此基础上通过改变F/M、提高反应温度等单因素实验确定了制备可发性改性MF树脂的适宜优化工艺及配方,即反应温度90℃,p H=9,F/M=2.8,改性剂己内酰胺用量为三聚氰胺质量的14%。在优化工艺及配方下得到的改性MF树脂溶液黏度为1 547.5 m Pa·s,固含量为70.5%,储存期76 h,改性MF树脂发泡性能优良,发泡后泡沫塑料的表观密度为32.76 kg/m3。 相似文献
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介绍了三聚氰胺泡沫塑料的理化性能、制取工艺、国内技术进展和在相关领域的应用前景,并对国内三聚氰胺泡沫塑料产业的发展提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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吴一鸣 《化学工业与工程技术》2015,(3):62-66
通过Mannich反应,以三聚氰胺、甲醛、二乙醇胺等为原料,合成了三聚氰胺基阻燃聚醚多元醇。探讨了温度对反应的影响,得出了最佳合成反应温度。同时将该三聚氰胺基阻燃聚醚多元醇在硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料中进行了应用,制得的硬质聚氨酯泡沫具有良好的阻燃性能,氧指数高达30%以上。利用该三聚氰胺基阻燃聚醚多元醇制得的硬质聚氨酯泡沫强度高、导热系数低和吸水率低,在建筑保温方面具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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汪家铭 《精细化工原料及中间体》2011,(8)
三聚氰胺泡沫塑料是一种以三聚氰胺为原料制取的高开孔率的三维网格结构的新型泡沫塑料,也是目前世界上最轻的泡沫塑料,具有优异的吸声性、阻燃性、耐热稳定性、卫生安全性及良好的二次加工性能,在建筑、交通、工业、车辆制造、声学工程、航天航空航海等领域都有广泛的应用。本文介绍了三聚氰胺泡沫塑料的理化性能、在相关领域的应用前景,并对国内三聚氰胺泡沫塑料产业的发展提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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三聚氰胺和甲醛在温度为85~95℃、氢氧化钠为催化剂、持续反应3~4h的条件下,可反应生成一种固含量≥65%、化学性能相对稳定的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂。以这种树脂为基体,加入乳化剂、固化剂和发泡剂,经发泡工艺制备出三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫塑料。研究了甲醛/三聚氰胺的摩尔配比(F/M)对可发性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的物理性能、有毒物质残余量、机械性能的影响,以及与树脂可发性的关系。结果表明,当F/M=3.0时,可发性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的固含量为69%;黏度为1 280 mPa.s;抗弯曲强度为305.6 kPa;氧指数为40.5%;热释放速率为0.15 kW/m2;烟灰产率仅为2.1 m2/m2;峰值CO产量为0.0292 kg/kg。 相似文献
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Iodine sorption by polyurethane (PU) and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) foams was studied using both iodine sublimation and iodine solutions with hexanes and toluene. In the sublimation process, the diffusion kinetics was investigated and the interaction between iodine and PU foams was characterized by DSC, TGA, Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. In the solution process, the equilibrium absorption followed the distribution law and the distribution coefficients varied depending on the solvent used. MF foam achieved no iodine absorption in both processes which can be attributed to the lack of charge-transfer interactions. 相似文献
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以三聚氰胺和甲醛为原料制得三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF),将其与辛基苯酚聚氧乙烯(10)(OP-10)、正戊烷、甲酸混合均匀后制备MF泡沫.结果表明,MF的黏度随反应时间增加而提高;MF泡沫的表观密度首先随着甲酸用量的增加而减小,然后再增加;MF泡沫有良好的阻燃性和热稳定性. 相似文献
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Dipak K. Raval Amit J. Patel Bhavil N. Narola 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2013,52(3):293-299
Amino resins are used for various applications such as decorative plastic plates, decorative wood boards, particle boards, leather tanning, foam, coating, and molding materials. In the present work, it was planned to prepare modified melamine-formaldehyde resin by incorporating casein. The intended melamine-formaldehyde-casein (MFC) resin samples were prepared under alkaline condition with an 1:3 melamine: formaldehyde ratio. Casein was incorporated in varying proportions (up to 25% w/w of melamine content) at 85–90°C. The samples were characterized by viscosity measurement and vapor pressure osmometry (VPO). The resin samples were cured isothermally at 60°C using ammonium chloride as well as hydroxylamine hydrochloride and at 120°C using hexamine as the curing agents. Jute fabric (JFRC) and glass fabric reinforced composites (GFRC) were produced by maintaining 60:40 and 40:60 proportion of resin to reinforcement materials, respectively. The laminates thus formed were characterized for their mechanical properties and chemical resistance. 相似文献
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A multilayer microcapsule [melamine-formaldehyde resin/aluminum hydroxide/zinc stannate] with unique core–shell structure was prepared. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscope were used to investigate the chemical structure of the microcapsules, fire retardancy, and thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride with these materials as additives were also investigated. Remarkably, addition of certain amount of melamine-formaldehyde/aluminum hydroxide/zinc stannate microcapsules could evidently increase limiting oxygen index values. The smoke density results showed that polyvinyl chloride containing melamine-formaldehyde/aluminum hydroxide/zinc stannate microcapsules produced less smoke than pure polyvinyl chloride. The morphologies of the residues were revealed by scanning electron microscope, ascertained that the formed char layers on the composites were denser than that of the pure polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride/aluminum hydroxide/zinc stannate microcapsule composites. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride/melamine-formaldehyde/aluminum hydroxide/zinc stannate microcapsule composites were observably improved, highlighting its promising potential in industrial applications. 相似文献
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