高活性矿渣粉对矿渣水泥性能的效应

质量系数大于1.8的优质粒化高炉矿渣粉磨制成高活性矿渣粉,对矿渣水泥的早期强度有独特的作用.掺入550—650 m2.k-g 1比表面积细矿渣粉,水泥的3 d抗折强度保持与硅酸盐水泥等值,7 d抗折强度比硅酸水泥高并随矿粉掺量增加而提高;3 d抗压强度略低于硅酸盐水泥,但是7 d抗压强度接近硅酸盐水泥.配制矿渣粉后水泥的28 d强度呈现出不同的特征:抗折强度明显高于硅酸盐水泥;抗压强度接近或略低于硅酸盐水泥,提高矿粉的细度或改变掺量对抗压强度作用不大.矿渣粉掺量低于50%时,水泥初、终凝时间比硅酸盐水泥略微延长.矿渣水泥的标准稠度用水量一般是随矿粉掺量增加而增加.     

S95级和S105级矿渣粉在实际生产中的选用研究

为解决实际生产过程中S95级和S105级矿渣粉的选用问题,利用水泥与球磨得到的S95级和S105级矿渣粉制得水泥胶砂,并探讨了S95级和S105级矿渣粉的掺入对水泥胶砂活性指数、凝结时间、标准稠度用水量和流动度的影响。实验结果表明:掺S95级和S105级矿渣粉后水泥胶砂试体的活性指数与流动度比均达标,初凝时间有较大延长,用水量也相应增大,但S95级矿渣组的用水量比S105级矿渣组略低,流动度比比S105级矿渣组大。初凝时间比S105级矿渣组长。因此现实生产中可以适当掺入S95级矿渣粉来配制需要相对长凝结时间的混凝土;且为了节约能耗,提高生产效率,在强度达标的情况下选择使用S95级矿渣粉。     

钢渣基复合掺合料的混料设计与优化

为制备出高性能钢渣基复合掺合料(钢渣粉掺量≥30%,质量分数),试验以矿渣粉和粉煤灰作为辅助原料,采用单纯形格子设计法建立了具有约束条件的钢渣基掺合料组成与砂浆性能之间的非线性回归模型,通过规划求解得出最优的混料比;研究了钢渣粉细度与粒度分布对其胶凝活性的影响。结果显示:复合掺合料取代50%水泥时,以胶凝活性为指标,钢渣粉、矿渣粉与粉煤灰的最佳混料比为0.3∶0.7∶0;基于优化的混料比,钢渣粉存在一个最佳细度,即中位径D50为15.5μm,在此细度下钢渣基掺合料活性指数最高,7d和28d分别达78.5%和92.5%;灰色关联分析结果显示增加粒径大于8μm的钢渣粉颗粒含量,尤其是粒径为8~32μm的含量有利于提高钢渣矿渣复合掺合料的胶凝活性。     

矿渣高钙灰复合水泥的水化程度研究

根据水化热、化学收缩、CH生成量和强度等实验结果，分析了由30％矿渣＋25％改性高钙灰＋45％52．5PⅡ水泥制备的42．5矿渣高钙灰复合水泥在不同龄期的水化程度。与普通硅酸盐水泥相比，由于高掺量的矿渣及改性高钙灰大幅度减少了熟料量，同时其火山灰反应消耗熟料的水化产物CH，水化产物组成和结构改变，水化热显著降低，早期化学收缩降低而后期化学收缩基本一致，不同龄期的CH生成量均显著降低，7d和28d的龄期强度接近，该复合水泥能够有效控制集中放热期的水化程度和优化水化产物组成，有利于改善耐久性。降低水胶比减少水化热、化学收缩和CH生成量，使水化度降低，但有利于水泥石结构的优化。     

矿渣粉细度分类与优化

利用弱化缓冲算子和曲线拟合的方法研究了矿渣粉比表面积和掺量对掺矿渣粉水泥强度的影响.结果表明:按矿渣粉细度和掺量对水泥强度的影响规律可以把矿渣粉分成3类:粗矿渣粉(比表面积400 m2/kg)、细矿渣粉(比表面积为450~550 m2/kg)和超细矿渣粉(比表面积600 m2/kg).掺这3类矿渣粉水泥各龄期的抗压强度随着矿渣粉掺量增加分别呈现逐渐减小、基本不变和持续提高三种截然不同的趋势.通过对比矿渣粉磨时间和矿渣粉水泥强度比得出矿渣粉比表面积最佳范围是450~500 m2/kg.     

基于矿渣水泥3d强度推测28d强度的研究

阐述矿渣硅酸盐水泥的强度增长是受水泥熟料的组成、结构、矿渣质量与掺量等因素的影响.并论述了不同企业的矿渣硅酸盐水泥的强度发展过程不尽相同,但是都有相同的增长规律.笔者利用辽宁地区矿渣硅酸盐水泥3d强度推测28d强度,经统计分析与评价,建立的推测模型可以利用地方水泥的特点,较好地评价水泥的28d强度,并应用于实际工程,对科学利用水泥活性在保证工程质量的前提下降低成本十分有益.     

球磨和立磨高炉矿渣粉体基本特性的比较研究

就小型立磨和闭路球磨 (75 0 m m× 2 5 0 0 m m) 2种粉磨系统制备的高炉矿渣粉体的基本特性进行了比较研究。结果表明 :矿渣粉体是一种具有粘聚性、内摩擦力较高的库仑粉体。无论是立磨还是球磨机磨制的矿渣粉体 ,其粒度分布均符合 Rosin- Ram mler表达式 ,但球磨机矿渣粉体通常具有较大的安息角、自然堆积密度、压缩密度和振实密度 ,在各龄期水化活性指数和胶砂流动度均显著优于立磨矿渣粉体 ,欲获得相当的强度性能 ,立磨磨制的矿渣粉体的比表面积需比球磨矿渣高 10 0 m2 / kg左右。通过分析发现 2种粉体的均匀性系数不同是导致立磨矿渣和球磨矿渣在粉体性能和水化活性指数等方面存在明显差异的重要原因。     

基于正交设计高性能钢铁渣粉的制备与性能研究

为了制备出性能优良的钢铁渣粉,试验采用L_9(3~4)正交设计,考察了矿渣粉细度、钢渣粉细度及掺量等三因素对胶砂流动度和抗压强度的影响,并进行了极差分析,方差分析及性能指标分析。基于优化结果研究了钢铁渣粉胶砂的泌水性和干缩性能,通过MIP分析了硬化水泥浆体的孔结构。结果表明:当钢铁渣粉取代水泥50%(质量分数,下同)时,三因素对不同龄期胶砂抗压强度的影响规律一致;钢渣粉细度是胶砂流动度的显著性影响因素,但对胶砂抗压强度的影响"不显著";适当降低钢渣粉掺量,提高矿渣粉细度对提高钢铁渣粉的胶凝活性有利,优化的钢铁渣粉参数为钢渣(348m~2/kg)∶矿渣(452m~2/kg)=30%∶70%;与单掺矿渣粉相比,优化的钢铁渣粉砂浆泌水率为0,4d和80d胶砂干缩率分别下降了19.71%和14.43%,同时优化了硬化水泥浆体的孔结构。     

转炉钢渣对矿渣-硅酸盐水泥混合胶砂的收缩补偿效应

大掺量矿渣混凝土比硅酸盐水泥混凝土表现出更大的收缩,影响混凝土的耐久性.研究了转炉钢渣粉对矿渣粉-硅酸盐水泥混合胶砂硬化体收缩特性的影响.研究表明:转炉钢渣粉部分替代矿渣粉,可显著降低矿渣粉-水泥混合胶砂的收缩.钢矿复合掺合料中钢渣的掺量越高,掺合料对硅酸盐水泥的替代比例越高,收缩补偿效果愈好.当掺合料对水泥的替代比例为70%、掺合料中钢渣粉(比表面积576 m2/kg)掺量分别为20%和40%时,所制备胶砂的4 d和80 d干缩值比矿渣粉(比表面积565 m2.kg-1)-硅酸盐水泥混合胶砂分别降低18.9%,12.8%和36.5%,33.4%.     

多元复合超早强灌浆料试验

目的研究铝酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥、石膏和硅灰四元复合体系超早强灌浆料的流动度、凝结时间和力学性能,找出超早强灌浆料的最佳配比．方法采用行星式搅拌机将原材料搅拌均匀,利用跳桌测试流动度,贯入阻力法测定凝结时间,水泥压力试验机测试力学强度,混凝土收缩膨胀仪测试膨胀性能,分析砂胶比为1．0的微观结构．结果该体系辅以多种外加剂,采用高胶砂比可以保证初始流动度大于325mm,30min流动度大于280mm,2h抗压强度达34．80MPa,24h抗折达13．82MPa,28d抗压强度大于99．90MPa,56d抗压强度大于28d抗压强度．早期SEM微观结构显示晶形生长良好,结构致密．结论铝酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥、石膏和硅灰按一定的比例复配,具有良好的施工和易性和力学性能．     

矿粉对水泥和混凝土性能的影响

为了探寻矿粉细度及掺入量对水泥和混凝土性能的影响,通过试验测试方法,分析了矿粉和水泥的基本性质,研究了超细矿粉和普通矿粉的掺量对水泥基材料标准稠度、凝结时间、流动度和力学性能的影响.结果表明：普通矿粉使水泥净浆标准稠度需水量下降,而超细矿粉则增加标准稠度需水量,两种矿粉都使水泥净浆凝结时间略微延长.普通矿粉可以改善水泥净浆的流动度,超细矿粉的加入则降低了水泥净浆的流动度.普通矿粉和超细矿粉降低水泥净浆早期（7 d）抗压强度,提高后期（28 d）抗压强度,掺10％～50％的普通矿粉的水泥净浆28 d抗压强度提高2.9％～9.7％,掺入超细矿粉28 d抗压强度提高3.9％～20.1％,普通矿粉和超细矿粉的最佳掺量为10％～30％;两种矿粉替代10％～50％水泥所配制的混凝土的强度得到了明显的提高.     

Properties and Acceleration Mechanism of Cement Mortar Added with Low Alkaline Liquid State Setting Accelerator

Low alkaline liquid state setting accelerator(LSA) for Portland cement was prepared in laboratory from aqueous solution of several inorganic sulfate salts and some organic chemical substances. Properties of cement with addition of LSA relating to its setting time and strength development as well as its resistance to sulfate attack for short and long term exposure were experimentally examined. The experimental results showed that 5%-7% addition of LSA significantly accelerated the initial and final setting of Portland cement in the presence or absence of the blending of mineral admixtures, the initial and final setting time being less than 3 min and 6 min respectively. Meanwhile, the early 1 day curing age compressive strength increased remarkably by 20%, while the late 28 th day curing age compressive strength remained almost unchanged as compared with that of the reference accelerator free cement mortar specimen. Furthermore, mortar specimens of cement added with LSA and exposed to 5% Na2SO4 solution showed their excellent resistance to sulfate attack, with their short and long term curing age resistance coefficient to sulfate attack being around 1.04 to 1.17, all larger than 1.0. XRD analysis on hardened cement paste specimens at very early curing ages of several minutes disclosed the existence of more ettringite in specimens added with LSA than that of the reference specimens, meanwhile SEM observation also revealed the existence of well crystallized ettringite at very early hydration stage, suggesting that the accelerated setting of Portland cement can be attributed to the early and rapid formation of ettringite over the whole cement paste matrix due to the introduction of LSA. MIP measurement revealed that hardened cement paste specimens with the addition of LSA presented less medium diameter pores, more proportion of small pores and less proportion of large capillary pores, which is in a very good coincidence with the improvement of strength development of cement mortars added with LSA.     

纳米高岭土颗粒改性水泥基复合材料的性能

研究了纳米高岭土颗粒对不同龄期水泥基材料微观结构（微孔结构、微观结构）及物理力学性能（工作性、抗弯强度、抗压强度、氯离子渗透性）的影响。结果表明,纳米高岭土颗粒的填充效应及其对水泥水化的促进作用改善了水泥基材料的微观孔结构,限制了氯离子在水泥基材料中的渗透扩散。当高岭土为水泥质量的1％时,水泥浆1、3、7、90 d抗弯强度分别提高30．41％、39．04％、36．27％和38．32％;当高岭土为水泥质量的5％时,水泥砂浆氯离子扩散系数降低53．03％;混凝土氯离子扩散系数随高岭土掺量增加呈指数递减;当高岭土为水泥质量的5％时,氯离子扩散系数降低18．87％;抗压强度分别提高28．4％;改性混凝土28 d抗压强度与混凝土氯离子扩散系数呈线性增加关系。     

Influence of Calcium Sulfate State and Fineness of Cement on Hydration of Portland Cements Using Electrical Measurement

1 IntroductionThe calcium sulfate state includes gypsum, hemi-hydrate and anhydrite .Inthe modern Portland cement in-dustry,the gypsumis used as a setting retarder for reac-tion with C3A[1]. With the presence of gypsumin theformof CaSO4·2H2O,the gypsum dissolves and reactsprimarily with C3A and C4AF to form ettringite . Thisettringite isinitiallyformed with a veryfine-needle crystalstructure ,whichforms a diffusion barrier onthe surface ofthe cement . This coating avoids the unwanted fl…     

基于水膜厚度假设分析磨细高炉矿渣对水泥浆性能影响

为探索磨细高炉矿渣对水泥浆性能及其水膜厚度的影响,研究测量了30组不同水胶比、不同磨细高炉矿渣掺量的水泥–;矿渣复合浆体的流动性能、黏聚性和抗压强度.为探索浆体的流变性能控制机理,进一步测量了5组不同磨细高炉矿渣掺量水泥–;矿渣复合浆体的填充密度,并基于填充密度测量结果计算出各浆体试样配比的水膜厚度,探索水膜厚度对水泥–;矿渣复合浆体流变性能的影响.实验结果表明,适量磨细高炉矿渣的掺入能提高浆体的流动性能和抗压强度,黏聚性些许减弱,最优配比磨细高炉矿渣掺量为5%,此时水泥–;矿渣复合浆体综合性能最好.磨细高炉矿渣掺入能提高胶凝材料的填充密度,水膜厚度为流动性主要控制因素,水泥浆的流动性能随水膜厚度增大而增大.     

碱-矿渣-锰合金渣胶凝材料的研制

锰合金渣是生产锰系合金排放的工业废弃物,近年来锰矿资源的开采和利用发展迅速,产生的大量锰渣造成了严重的环境污染。将锰合金渣与矿渣复合,制备了碱-矿渣-锰合金渣胶凝材料,测试了所制备胶结材的抗压和抗折强度,利用扫描电镜分析了其微观结构。研究结果表明,随着锰渣掺量增加,碱-矿渣-锰渣胶凝材料的强度总体呈降低趋势;提高锰渣细度,所制备的胶凝材料强度亦随之增加;碱激发下磨细锰合金渣具有一定的水化硬化活性,其活性低于磨细矿渣。     

Strength of copolymer grouting material based on orthogonal experiment

Using the orthogonal experimental design method involving three factors and three levels, the flexural strength and the compressive strength of copolymer grouting material were studied with different compositions of water-cement ratio (mass fraction of water to cement), epoxy resin content, and waterborne epoxy curing agent content. By orthogonal range and variance analysis, the orders of three factors to influence the strength, the significance levels of different factors, and the optimized compound ratio scheme of copolymer grouting material mixture at different curing ages were determined. An empirical relationship among the strength of copolymer grouting material, the water-cement ratio, the epoxy resin content, and the waterborne epoxy curing agent content was established by multivariate regression analysis. The results indicate that water-cement ratio is the most principal and significant influencing factor on the strength. Epoxy resin content and waterborne epoxy curing agent content also have a significant influence on the strength. But epoxy resin content has a greater influence on the 7-day and 28-day flexural strength, and waterborne epoxy curing agent content has a greater influence on the 3-day flexural strength and the compressive strength. The copolymer grouting material with water-cement ratio of 0.4, epoxy resin content of 8% (mass fraction) and waterborne epoxy curing agent content of 2% (mass fraction) is the best one for repairing of cement concrete pavement. The flexural strength and the compressive strength have good correlation, and the ratio of compressive strength to flexural strength is between 1.0 and 3.3. Foundation item: Projects(40728003, 40772180, 40802064) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (07JJ4012) supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(20080430680) supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Project(B308) supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project     

Properties of Steel Slag and Stainless Steel Slag as Cement Replacement Materials: A Comparative Study

To enhance the understanding about the utilization of steel slags as a cementitious material, we comparatively studied the chemical, mineralogical and morphological properties of two types of steel slag; basicoxygen-furnace carbon slag(BOF C) and electric-arc-furnace stainless steel slag(EAF S). Moreover, we studied the standard consistency, setting time and the effect of the slag replacement ratios on the fluidity and compressive strength of blended cement mortar. The experimental results showed that BOF C had higher alkalinity, higher pH value and more hydraulic phases than EAF S. Both types of slag showed water reduction effect due to its high fineness. Neat BOF C paste showed flash set and acceleration in the initial setting time of blended cement especially at high slag proportions. However, EAF S prolonged the setting time of blended cement even at low slag proportions. The pH values for blended cement contained 50% BOF C or EAF S were lower than those of pure cement paste. Despite of slag type, compressive strength gradually decreased with increasing slags content. The strength of BOF C mortar was higher than that of EAF S mortar with the same replacement ratio for the same age. Slag activity index demonstrated that BOF C and EAF S conformed to the Chinese National Standard(GB/T 20491-2006) requirements for steel slag as grade one and grade two, respectively.     

Effects of Curing Temperature on Rheological Behaviour and Compressive Strength of Cement Containing GGBFS

The viscoplasticity and compressive strength of cement with high erosion performance were studied. The influences of curing temperature and content of ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS) on these performances of the medium heat cement(including high iron and low calcium phase) were also investigated. The results indicate that the medium heat cement with high iron phase can maintain better fluidity and low temperature sensitivity than that of ordinary Portland cement at high temperature. GGBFS can play an important role in improving the fluidity and stability of the slurry, and avoid the cement setting and hardening prematurely at high temperatures. The microstructure analysis shows that a large amount of CH with layer shape appear in the slurry. The amount of this gel layer in the slurry increased as the curing temperature elevated. The layer can make the cement stone structure more denser, so that the compressive strength of samples are enhanced in the later stage. When the medium heat cement contains 40% GGBFS, the system has the best flow performance and stability under high temperature environment, and can be applied to mass concrete with excessive internal temperature.     

掺粉煤灰PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料的试验研究

研究了粉煤灰掺量对PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料（ECC）的新拌性能、弯曲性能、抗压抗折强度、开裂模式及微观结构的影响.结果表明：随着粉煤灰掺量的增加,水泥净浆的屈服剪切应力和塑性黏度不断降低,ECC的流动度增加.ECC的初始开裂荷载降低、抗折和抗压强度逐渐降低,ECC的跨中挠度提高,ECC的平均裂缝宽度变小.在满足抗压强度的前提下,适当增加粉煤灰掺量有助于提高ECC的韧性和延性.