改进大学生思想政治教育的途径

在全球化和多元化的知识经济时代,我国高等教育的发展进入了一个新的阶段.新形势下大学生思想政治教育增添了许多新内容,学习贯彻落实中共中央、国务院颁布的<关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见>,必须紧密结合当前"90后"新生代大学生群体思想、学习、生活的实际,抓住大学生思想政治教育体系中三个重要关系,拓展新形势下大学生思想政治教育的有效途径.     

从高校的德育过程谈提高德育实效性

中共中央国务院颁发的<关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见>指出:"在继承党的思想政治工作的基础上,解决探索新形势下大学生思想政治教育的新途径、新办法,努力体现时代性,把握规律性,富于创造性,增强实效性."因此,深入研究和把握高校德育过程的规律和特点,切实增强德育的实效性,是当前高校面临的重大课题.     

高校传统思想政治教育的困境及其改革探索

加强和改进大学生思想政治教育是一项关系着社会主义高等学校的培养目标、关系着全面建设小康社会、关系着中国特色社会主义事业兴旺发达、关系着党和国家长治久安局面的重大任务.2004年8月,中共中央、国务院下发了<关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见>,深刻论述了当前进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的重要性和紧迫性,明确提出了加强和改进大学生思想政治教育工作的指导思想、基本原则和主要任务.     

高校思想政治教育改革与创新探析

大学生思想政治教育的改革与创新是时代提出的新课题.新时期加强和改进大学生思想政治教育工作是培养全面发展的大学生,实现大学生与社会和谐、与人和谐的重要途径.而工作的重点,就是要对高校思想政治教育的模式进行创新和改革.     

树立管理新观念创建管理新体系——高职教育下学生管理工作探索

根据中共中央、国务院发布的<关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见>要求,加强高职院校的学生管理,创新学生管理模式,加强学风、校风建设,对于拓宽大学生思想政治教育的有效途径,更好地发挥大学生自身的积极性和主动性具有积极的意义.     

关于构建高校德育导向机制的思考

随着我国经济体制和经济增长方式的转变,社会贫富差距的加大,西文文化思潮的渗入,特别是网络等新的通讯媒体的发展,大学生思想政治教育工作面临很多新形势、新情况.中共中央、国务院在<关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见>中指出:"面对新形势、新情况,大学生思想政治教育工作还不够适应,存在不少薄弱环节."这种不适应的主要原因,在于改革开放后我国社会道德的解构与结构过程中以及当前社会伦理多元化的时代,高校尚未建立健全与时俱进、贴近实际、贴近学生、具有针对性和实效性的德育导向机制.     

帮助他人成长自己——高校班级心理保健员工作机制的探索

2001年3月16日,在国家教育部<关于加强普通高等学校大学生心理健康教育工作的意见>颁布后,全国高校开始设立心理健康教育机构,心理咨询在高校迅速开展.2004年中共中央国务院颁布的<关于进一步加强和改进学生思想政治教育的意见>和2005年教育部、卫生部、共青团中央颁布的<关于进一步加强和改进大学生心理健康教育的意见>,及十七大报告中明确提出的"注重人文关怀和心理疏导,用正确方式处理人际关系,为青少年健康成长营造良好的社会环境"等,均为高校进一步开展大学生心理健康教育提供了建设性指导意见.全国大部分高校开始建立三级心理危机干预网络体系,在学校的各班级设立心理保健员.我校也在2006年开始推行班级心理保健员制度,四年来,该制度在学校各级领导和老师的关心支持下,正茁壮成长,并已开始日益突显它的重要作用.     

建设素质导师队伍推进成功素质教育

中央16号文件指出:"思想政治教育工作队伍是加强和改进大学生思想政治教育工作的组织保证."如何建立一支骨干学生工作队伍,提高学生思想政治教育工作的实效性,是我校一直思考的问题.在办学过程中,我校坚持育人为本,德育为先,针对独立学院的特点,积极探索,建设素质导师队伍,推进成功素质教育,初步积累了一些经验,取得了一定的成绩.<人民日报>、<光明日报>、<中国教育报>等多家媒体对此进行了专题报道,受到高等教育界广泛关注.2004年底,我校以较好的成绩,第一批通过教育部关于独立学院的评估检查,获得了专家组的一致好评.     

谈新时代高校思想政治教育与互联网的应用

本文通过阐述新形势下进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育工作的重要性和紧迫性,强调在互联网时代如何更新现念,培养和增强网络意识,加强网络思想政治教育,帮助青年大学生树立全新的世界现,确保网上思想政治教育的可持续发展,进一步加强对当代大学生的思想政治教育工作.     

大学生思想政治教育应重视心理学

新时期如何加强和改进思想政治教育,促进思想政治教育科学化,达到育人的目的,是教育工作者一直在探讨的课题.特别是当前各种社会现象的出现,激化了大学生的心理矛盾,在一定程度上也弱化了传统思想政治教育的效果.     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness.

The constructs of intelligence and ego-resiliency are discussed. The personality implications of "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were identified. Intelligence (IQ) was indexed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS—R) and ego-resiliency by an inventory scale. Residual scores measuring "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were correlated with the items of the observer based California Q-sort, used to describe participants. Persons relatively high on ego-resilience tend to be more competent and comfortable in the "fuzzier" interpersonal world; persons defined primarily by raw IQ tend to be effective in the "clearer" world of structured work but tend also to be uneasy with affect and less able to realize satisfying human connections. Gender differences exist in the relations of ego-resilience and intelligence and in their adaptive relevance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conserving and retaining equalities and inequalities through observation and correction.

Investigated the effects of modeling and corrective feedback on the conservation of equalities and inequalities, with items spanning 3 stimulus dimensions (length, number, and 2-dimensional space). Ss were 48 kindergartners (24 boys, 24 girls). Brief observation of a model, briefer correction training (joining positive feedback with verbal rule provision), and the combination of observation and correction were all successful in producing learning and, without further training, transfer and retention of conservation. Unlike the controls (who also never correctly answered any equality items), the trained experimental Ss gave evidence of spontaneously generalizing their new learning to a task that required nonverbal behavior to manifest conservation. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reasoning and food and contamination.

Examines strategies that are used to reason about food and contamination. In Exp 1, Ss refrained from choosing a substance that had been given a "poison" label when the intent of the labeler was ambiguous or malicious but preferred this substance when a rationale was provided that dispelled the implication that there once might have been contaminants present. Exp 2 was designed to compare the effects of safety on conditional reasoning in food and food-irrelevant contexts. When the safety issue was relevant to food in the form of contamination, Ss were most likely to use formal logic in reasoning. A similar pattern of responses was found in Exp 3 on tasks for which Ss' ratings of their experience of contexts were matched for plausibility, experience, and danger. Results are discussed in terms of an adaptive constraint that facilitates rationality in reasoning within the food domain (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。