功率超声珩磨颤振的动力学模型研究

功率超声珩磨中的颤振是动态珩磨中强烈的自激振动,也是影响零件加工质量和机床切削效率的提高的主要因素之一。在对功率超声珩磨切削机理进行研究的基础之上,分别以单颗磨粒和珩磨油石整体为研究对象,建立功率超声珩磨加工的单自由度和两自由度非线性动力学模型,从而有助于人们更好地去分析研究功率超声珩磨颤振机理。     

基于空化效应的功率超声珩磨再生型颤振研究

功率超声珩磨加工过程中的颤振影响因素很多,不仅包含物理磨削过程和机械振动环节,还包含了高频振动和超声波传动系统,是一个非常复杂的复合振动系统。通过建立珩磨颤振动力学模型,重点研究珩磨中空化泡溃灭产生辐射声压对再生型颤振的影响,结果表明:决定功率超声珩磨再生型颤振的主要原因为磨削厚度;空化泡溃灭产生的辐射声压会加剧系统颤振的频率,但对系统颤振的时域图变化趋势和振幅的大小基本没有影响。     

轴向功率超声振动珩磨颤振的稳定性分析

功率超声振动珩磨颤振是影响零件加工表面质量的主要因素之一,其稳定性研究具有重要意义.利用解析法和作图法对建立的轴向超声振动珩磨非线性动力学模型分别从轴向和径向进行了稳定性分析,得出刚度非线性因素对轴向稳定性影响不明显,超声激振频率对轴向响应幅值有较大影响,推导出径向系统稳定性方程,得出加工参数与响应幅值的关系,对抑制颤振方法提供了理论基础.     

超声珩磨颤振单颗磨粒动力学模型的研究

颤振是影响磨削加工稳定性及加工质量的重要因素之一,对于超声珩磨稳定性的研究主要通过动力学模型.在提出对超声珩磨单颗磨粒的基本假设和分析再生型颤振产生机理的基础上,建立了超声珩磨颤振单颗磨粒三维多自由度非线性动力学模型,并简化了轴向和径向超声振动单颗磨粒的动力学模型及其方程,为进一步探求有效的抑振、消振方法提供了依据.     

钕铁硼材料的功率超声珩磨加工试验研究

针对钕铁硼材料的高硬度、高脆性的难加工特性,利用功率超声珩磨加工方法,设计了钕铁硼功率超声珩磨加工试验装置,对钕铁硼进行加工试验,通过对试验数据的正交分析,找到了影响钕铁硼加工表面粗糙度和材料去除率的因素,并通过超声振动珩磨与普通珩磨加工钕铁硼材料的表面SEM照片,证明了钕铁硼材料的功率超声珩磨加工相比普通珩磨加工,能够提高钕铁硼材料的加工质量.     

基于功率超声珩磨的空化泡动力学模型的研究

功率超声珩磨是在普通珩磨的基础上施加了功率超声振动。当超声波的强度超过液体空化阈值的时候会发生空化效应,产生大量的空化泡。在对功率超声珩磨切削运动以及空化效应基本理论分析的基础上,以单个空化泡为研究对象,利用能量守恒定律,建立功率超声珩磨单个空化泡的动力学方程,为功率超声珩磨空化效应的进一步研究提供了理论支撑。     

高强度钢超声珩磨的试验及机理研究

本文在自行研制的超声振动珩磨装置基础上对高强度钢深孔进行了超声珩磨和普通珩磨的对比试验研究，通过工件内表面粗糙度，表面形貌的分析，得出了超声珩磨明显优于普通珩磨，并提出了超声振动珩磨独特的加工机理，文中还通过实验得出了超声振动珩磨的谐振频率随负载的增大而增加的结论，这与文献「８」的结论有所不同。     

缸套加工新工艺——功率超声珩磨

本文介绍功率超声珩磨这一新技术应用于发动机缸套的珩磨加工中，分析了功率超声珩磨的特点，装置，工作原理，切削机理及应用范围和发展前景。     

工程陶瓷发动机缸套零件超声振动磨削研究（I）

本文采用作者自行研制的超声振动珩磨机床对工程陶瓷发动机缸套类零件进行了超声振动磨削试验研究。研究表明：对于工程陶瓷缸体，采用超声振动珩磨，不仅可以取得以固结磨具代替微粉的加工效果，而且可以使工件表面层的微裂纹大幅度减轻；不仅具有比普通珩磨高二倍以上的加工效率，而且具有很高的磨条耐用度（为普通加工下磨条耐用度的五倍以上）。对于制造陶瓷发动机缸套类零件来说，本研究提供了一种质量效率兼顾、加工成本较低且     

基于电控单体泵柱塞孔的珩磨速度与压力优化

珩磨加工中选用的珩磨速度与压力直接影响到工件的加工效率和工作性能。在保证加工质量的前提下,为优选某电控单体泵柱塞孔精密加工过程中的珩磨速度与压力参数,文章提出了6种工艺优化设计方案;基于Abaqus软件,建立了单颗粒珩磨的模型;对单体泵柱塞孔珩磨过程中的珩磨速度与压力进行了对比仿真实验;优选了变形及应力状况较好的方案(珩磨速度320r/min、珩磨压力控制余量0. 02mm),并分析了珩磨加工的先进性。文中的研究对机械精密加工有一定的参考价值。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.