PGA/PBAT复合材料的性能及应用研究

采用熔融共混法制备了一系列不同组分含量的聚乙醇酸（PGA）/聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）复合材料，对复合材料的耐热性能、力学性能和水气阻隔性能进行了表征。结果表明，当PGA含量为80 %（质量分数，下同）时，注塑样条的拉伸强度为68.80 MPa、断裂伸长率为72.15 %、冲击强度为16.00 kJ/m²、负荷变形温度为120 °C，表明该复合材料可用于制备一次性餐具；当PGA含量为20 %时，吹塑薄膜的纵横向拉伸强度均在25 MPa以上，纵横向断裂伸长率均在600 %以上，表明该复合材料可用于生产膜袋产品；此外，随着PGA含量的增加，PGA/PBAT材料的水气阻隔性能也逐渐增加，其中含20 %PGA的PGA/PBAT复合膜的水蒸气透过率为纯PBAT薄膜的1/7。     

PLA/PBAT薄膜的制备及其降解性能研究

以过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为界面相容剂,采用熔融挤出、吹塑成型的方法制备了聚乳酸/己二酸-对苯二甲酸-丁二酯共聚物(PLA/PBAT)薄膜。通过力学性能检测和碱液加速降解试验研究了PBAT含量对PLA/PBAT薄膜力学性能及降解速率的影响;并运用红外光谱(FTIR)及动态力学分析(DMA)探究了降解机理。结果表明:随着PBAT含量的增加,PLA/PBAT复合薄膜的拉伸强度、拉伸模量及直角撕裂强度减小,断裂伸长率增大。PLA/PBAT复合薄膜的降解实质是酯键的水解。与降解前相比,降解后薄膜的储能模量大幅度降低,玻璃化转变温度略微下降。     

利用废弃PET酯交换法合成PBAT的研究

以废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）矿泉水瓶为原料,采用酯交换法获得聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）预聚体,再与聚己二酸丁二醇酯（PBA）共聚获得聚对苯二甲酸/己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）产物,通过核磁共振光谱仪、红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、差示扫描量热分析仪和万能试验机等对PBAT产物的结构和性能进行了分析表征。结果表明,PBAT产物的热稳定性良好,300 ℃以内不会热分解;PBAT产物的水接触角是78.54°,是一种亲水材料;PBAT产物的断裂伸长率达到900 %以上,具备进一步应用推广的可能性。     

功能化纳米纤维素复合PLA/PBAT薄膜的制备及性能

以γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)为改性剂对纤维素纳米纤维(CNF)进行功能化改性，并用聚丙二醇(PPG)对改性后的CNF进行包覆，制备了CNF-PPG纳米粒子。将其作为填料加到聚乳酸(PLA)/聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)聚合物基体中，用溶液浇铸法制备了PLA/PBAT/CNF-PPG复合薄膜。通过FTIR、XPS、SEM、DSC、TG对薄膜进行了表征，探讨了PLA与PBAT的质量比及CNF-PPG纳米粒子的添加量对复合薄膜机械强度、热稳定性、阻隔性能的影响。结果表明，PLA/PBAT薄膜比纯PLA薄膜具有更高的韧性和热稳定性；当m(PLA)∶m(PBAT)=90∶10、CNF-PPG纳米粒子用量(以PLA和PBAT的质量为基准，下同)为10%时，PLA/PBAT/CNF-PPG(90/10/10)复合薄膜的拉伸强度达到(33.38±0.64) MPa，断裂伸长率为39.97%±0.67%；复合薄膜最终降解温度从纯PLA膜的394℃提高到435℃；复合薄膜的水蒸气和氧气透过系数分别为4.98×10^–14 g·cm/(cm²·...     

PBS/PBAT共混型全生物降解材料的制备及其性能研究

通过熔融共混法制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）/聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）共混物,用熔体流动速率法、扫描量热法、X射线衍射、扫描电镜法及力学性能测试等手段研究了PBS/PBAT共混物的熔体流动性、结晶性能、力学性能以及共混物相容性。结果表明,随着PBAT含量的增加,PBS/PBAT共混体系的拉伸强度先升高后降低,断裂伸长率不断提高,冲击强度先降低后提高;当PBAT含量为20 %（质量分数,下同）时,与纯PBS相比,断裂伸长率提高10倍,冲击强度提高82 %,而拉伸强度仅仅降低6 %。     

AA/PTA单体比例对PBAT共聚酯性能的影响

以己二酸（AA）、对苯二甲酸（PTA）和1,4-丁二醇（BDO）为原料,钛酸四丁酯为催化剂,采用先酯化后缩聚的两步聚合法制备了一系列聚（己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇）（PBAT）共聚酯。研究己二酸与对苯二甲酸不同摩尔比对合成共聚酯的结构、热性能和弹性性能的影响。FTIR和NMR测试结果表明本实验成功合成了PBAT共聚酯。GPC测试结果表明共聚酯的重均分子量（M_w）在41000~142000之间,测试结果与特性黏度具有一致性。DSC测试结果表明随己二酸含量的增加,共聚酯的熔融温度和结晶温度逐渐降低;WXRD测试结果表明随着己二酸含量的不断增加,共聚酯的晶型结构逐渐由PBA转变为PBT;DMA结果表明玻璃化转变温度（T_g）基本呈不断降低的趋势;TGA结果表明PBAT共聚酯的初始分解温度随对苯二甲酸含量的增加向高温区移动,而在高温段共聚酯的热稳定性接近。拉伸结果表明,AA/PTA比例的变化显著影响共聚酯的力学弹性,PBAT7：3具有最大的断裂伸长率,而PBAT3：7则表现为强而韧的拉伸特性。     

高含量PLA薄膜的制备及性能研究

以Joncryl ADR-4370F(ADR)为增容剂,超细滑石粉(Talc)为成核剂,聚乳酸(PLA)/聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸-丁二醇酯(PBAT)通过熔融共混,然后挤出吹膜。对PLA/PBAT薄膜的热性能、结晶行为、撕裂断面形态、力学性能和阻隔性能进行了研究。结果表明,PBAT的加入改善了PLA的柔韧性。随着PBAT含量(40%~70%)的增加,薄膜的拉伸强度和模量降低,断裂伸长率大幅增加了。薄膜的氧和水蒸气阻隔性能受PBAT影响不大。ADR的加入使得薄膜材料的相容性得到了提高。     

PBAT/PLLA共混薄膜的热学、力学及阻透性能

采用熔融共混法制备聚对苯二甲酸己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）和L聚乳酸（PLLA）共混薄膜,探讨不同PLLA添加量（质量分数分别为10 %、20 %、30 %）对共混薄膜力学性能、热学性能、气体阻透性能的影响。结果表明,PBAT和PLLA共混属于不相容体系;随着PLLA的添加,共混薄膜的O2和CO2透过性能逐渐降低;当PLLA含量增加到30 %时,O2 透过系数(PO2)和CO2透过系数(PCO2)分别较PBAT薄膜降低了34.2 %和70.8 %,CO2/O2透过比（PCO2/PO2）由纯PBAT的10.20降低为4.52,提高了薄膜阻透性能;PLLA的添加改善了PBAT极易变形变曲现象。     

PBAT/PLA薄膜的制备及性能研究

将聚乳酸（PLA）和聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸-丁二醇酯（PBAT）共混制备成共混材料,探讨了不同PLA含量对材料性能的影响。结果表明,PBAT/PLA共混材料中,随着PLA含量的增加,拉伸强度先降低后升高,当PLA含量为90 %时,拉伸强度达到60.12 MPa,而其断裂伸长率从703 %降低至8 %,由韧性材料逐渐转变为脆性材料;PLA含量为30 %时,性能变化出现拐点;PLA含量为50 %时出现明显相分离,且PLA的加入可以加速PBAT材料的结晶,使结晶温度由38 ℃提高至82 ℃;PBAT/PLA共混材料在PLA含量低于70 %时,都可以实现较好的吹膜过程,且薄膜材料的拉伸强度为39.59 MPa,断裂伸长率不低于137 %。     

PBAT-g-MA对热塑性淀粉/聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯共混合金性能的影响

以马来酸酐(MAH)和聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)为原料采用熔融接枝法合成相容剂聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯接枝马来酸酐(PBAT-g-MA),并通过熔融挤出共混的方法制备了热塑性淀粉(TPS)/聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)共混合金。研究了PBAT-g-MA用量对TPS/PBAT共混材料力学性能、热性能、微观形貌、加工性能的影响。结果表明,PBAT-g-MA提高了TPS/PBAT二元共混合金的力学性能,当PBAT-g-MA质量分数为7%时,材料的拉伸强度为9.8 MPa,比未添加增容剂的共混材料提高了92.1%,断裂伸长率为64.3%,比未添加增容剂的共混材料提高了83.7%,SEM显示PBAT-g-MA大大改善了TPS/PBAT二元共混合金的界面相容性。     

交联壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合膜的制备及性能研究

以壳聚糖（CS）为基质材料，蒙脱土（MMT）为填料，采用戊二醛（GA）交联改性并结合溶液插层法制备了交联壳聚糖/蒙脱土（CS/GA/MMT）复合膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪及热重分析仪对复合膜的结构进行了表征，考察了MMT用量对复合膜的吸水性能、水蒸气阻隔性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，交联改性CS可提高CS膜的耐水性，CS/GA膜的吸水率较CS膜降低了9.6 %；MMT可提高复合膜的耐水性、水蒸气阻隔性能、力学性能和热稳定性；当MMT的用量为CS质量的5 %时，复合膜的各项性能较好，吸水率、水蒸气透过率和断裂伸长率较CS膜分别降低了37.3 %、36.7 %和41.9 %，且拉伸强度提高了160.5 %。     

Micromorphology,mechanical, crystallization and permeability properties analysis of HA/PBAT/PLA (HA,hydroxyapatite; PBAT,poly(butylene adipate‐co‐butylene terephthalate); PLA,polylactide) degradability packaging films

In this study, the self‐made nano‐hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐butylene terephthalate) copolyesters (PBAT) were used as fillers, and composite films of HA/PLA (PLA, polylactide) and HA/PBAT/PLA systems were prepared. The micromorphology, mechanical properties, thermal properties, crystallinity, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of the composite films were studied. The results show that the self‐made HA has a porous rod‐like structure with a size of 30–50 nm. PBAT was dispersed uniformly in the HA/PLA matrix in the form of spherical particles and formed many pores and holes. The tensile strength, elongation at break and modulus of elasticity of HA/PLA composite films were increased by adding 10 wt% PBAT. The addition of HA and PBAT played a synergistic function in improving the crystallinity of the composite films. The water vapor and oxygen permeabilities of HA/PLA and HA/10%PBAT/PLA composite films can be regulated by adjusting the amount of HA. The results of this study indicate that composite films with higher water vapor and oxygen permeabilities exhibit great potential for applications in green packaging and fresh‐keeping packaging. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

交联壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/蜗牛黏液复合膜的制备及性能研究

采用延流法制备了香兰素（V）交联的壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/蜗牛黏液（CS/PVA/SM）复合膜,并通过热重分析仪（TG）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和万能材料试验机等研究了不同CS/SM配比对复合膜光学性能、水蒸气和氧气阻隔能力、力学性能、热力学性能及生物降解性能等的影响。结果表明,CS/PVA/SM复合膜为可降解的亲水性薄膜,当CS溶液/SM溶液体积比为5/3时,复合膜性能优良,其抗氧化活性为87.51 %,其水蒸气透过率比纯CS膜降低了75.16 %,不透明度降低了87.74 %,拉伸强度提高了16.04 %,断裂伸长率提高了28.26倍;随着SM含量的增加,复合膜的热稳定性有所降低;CS溶液/SM溶液体积比为5/1、5/2和5/3时,复合膜表现出良好的相容性;SM的添加使复合膜具有很好的延展性和柔韧性,V的添加提高了复合膜的拉伸强度和抗氧化能力;所制备的CS/PVA/SM复合膜在食品包装领域中有潜在的应用前景。     

Effects of mica modification with ethylene-vinyl acetate wax on the water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of poly-(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) nanocomposite films

Poly-(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is one of the most popular raw materials for degradable plastic films because of its good biodegradability, ductility, and processability. However, the application of this material is limited by its unsatisfactory water vapor barrier property. This study aims to improve the water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of PBAT films by introducing mica modified by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer waxes (EVA-mica). The EVA-mica nanosheets showed a more uniform dispersion in the PBAT films than the mica nanosheets. The PBAT/EVA-mica films containing 2% EVA-mica demonstrated outstanding crystallinity, water vapor barrier, and mechanical properties compared with the pure PBAT films. Results showed a 20.23% increase in crystallinity, an 80.09% reduction in water vapor permeability, a 26.82% increase in tensile strength, and a 9.10% increase in tear strength. The enhanced water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of the PBAT/EVA-mica nanocomposite films are favorable for their future application as biodegradable films.     

干燥温度对纳米氧化石墨烯/PHBH复合膜结构及性能的影响

通过溶液浇铸法制备得到纳米氧化石墨烯（GO）/聚羟基丁酸-羟基己酸酯（PHBH）复合膜,利用SEM、XRD、DSC、拉伸测试、阻隔测试及透明度测试等检测手段,研究了不同干燥温度对复合膜结构及性能的影响,优化了制备工艺。结果表明：随着干燥温度的升高,GO在PHBH中的分散性以及复合膜的结晶度、断裂伸长率和阻隔性先增加后减小,而拉伸强度及透光率则随温度的增加而增加。当干燥温度为45℃→55℃梯度升温时,GO在PHBH中均匀分散,且复合膜的断面光滑,有良好的结晶度、热稳定性、力学及阻隔性能,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率可分别达到20.11MPa、17.47%,且透氧系数及水蒸气透过系数分别为48cm³/(m²·d)、13.33g/(cm²·d),综合性能优于其他干燥温度下的复合膜。     

改性淀粉/LLDPE共混体系生物降解材料性能的研究

将自制接枝改性淀粉与LLDPE、玉米淀粉以及另外两种相容剂进行共混。通过对共混体系的形态结构、力学性能、流变性能、热性能以及对共混物薄膜的生物降解性能等的研究说明:复合相容剂MAH-g-PE+LA-g-starch的加入改善了淀粉和LLDPE的相容性,使得共混物体系具有适宜的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率;LLDPE/淀粉/(MAH-g-PE+LA-g-starch)共混物薄膜具有很好的生物降解性能。     

Fabrication of quaternary phosphonium-intercalated vermiculite for reinforcing UV-curable epoxy acrylate coatings

In this study, UV-curable epoxy acrylate film was reinforced with benzyl triphenyl phosphorus chloride-intercalated vermiculite (BTPC-VMT). BTPC-VMT was prepared by intercalating benzyl triphenyl phosphorus chloride (BTPC) into vermiculite (VMT) and was used as reinforcing filler. Then, X-ray diffraction and Scanning electronic microscope results of hybrid films indicated that BTPC-VMT was well dispersed in the matrix. The hybrid films displayed enhanced tensile strength, impact strength, and pencil hardness without sacrificing elongation at break. Moreover, the thermal property of hybrid films was generally improved. The resulting hybrid films are promising for a number of applications, e.g. for metal and wood for their surface protection.     

Effect of chain extrender on the compatibility,mechanical and gas barrier properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(propylene carbonate) bio-composites

Bio-composites consisting of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) and epoxy chain extender ADR 4468 were fabricated via melt blending using a torque rheometer. The relationship of the torque, melt viscosity, and molecular weight of the bio-composites was established via polymeric liquid theory to estimate the real-time chain extension reaction rate under different ADR contents. At the meantime, rheological behavior, thermal and mechanical properties, morphologies, gas barrier properties of the PBAT/PPC/ADR bio-composites were systematically characterized. The corresponding results revealed that the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) reduced by 50% under 30 phr (parts per hundreds of resin) PPC content. The addition of ADR is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability and phase dispersion of PBAT/PPC without affecting the water barrier property. With 3 phr ADR, the tensile stress and elongation at break were increased from 19.5 MPa and 1184% to 26.9 MPa and 1443%, respectively. In addition, the data of the torque rheometer revealed that the chain extension reaction rate and the melt viscosity was increased with the increasing ADR content, but the reaction rate was reduced with the excessive viscosity.     

Characteristics of soy protein isolate‐montmorillonite composite films

Soy protein isolate/montmorillonite (SPI/MMT) nanocomposite films were prepared in which MMT was used as a nanofiller at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt % relative to SPI dry weight. Effects of MMT on film properties including tensile strength, elongation at break, total soluble matter, water vapor permeability, and oxygen permeability were assessed. X‐ray diffraction patterns were determined, and morphologies of SPI and the SPI‐MMT composite films were visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical and barrier properties were improved by evidenced increases in tensile strength and modulus, and decreases in permeability to water vapor and oxygen. MMT concentrations of 3%–12% were optimal for improving functional properties of the composite films. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy examinations revealed the formation of an intercalated and exfoliated structure on the addition of MMT into the SPI matrix. We conclude that intercalated and exfoliated MMT silicates enhance mechanical and barrier properties of SPI films. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010