锂离子电池电解质研究进展

能源的高效利用越来越受到重视，人们对锂离子电池的高性能化提出了更高的要求。锂离子电池主要包括正极、负极、电解质及隔膜。其中，电解质作为决定锂离子电池特性的关键材料之一，承担着电池内部电荷传递的功能，对电池的各项使用性能有着至关重要的影响。综述了国内外锂离子电池电解质的应用研究进展，着重对电解质的分类、性能和优缺点进行分析总结，讨论了现研究阶段需要解决的主要问题，指出电解质未来面临的挑战，并对电解质的发展作出了展望。     

锂离子二次电池纳米复合聚合物电解质研究进展

聚合物锂离子电池具有重量轻，比能量高，安全性能好等优点，是本世纪发展的理想能源。锂离子电池用聚合物电解质的研究包括全固态聚合物电解质（SPE），凝胶聚合物电解质（GPE）和复合聚合物电解质（CPE）。本文重点综述了纳米复合聚合物电解质在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展及展望。     

锂离子电池电解质的最新研究进展

综述了近几年来电解质（即液态电解质和固态电解质）的研究进展，主要是介绍如何提高液态电解质的性能和固态电解质的性能。对液态电解质主要是电化学稳定性的提高，而对固态电解质则包括对离子电导率、电化学稳定、机械性能等的提高。虽然在锂离子电池中，对电池性能起决定作用的是电极材料，但只有对正、负极匹配合适的和性能好的电解质才能达到对锂离子电池性能的优化和提高。因而电解质性能的好坏对锂离子电池的性能有重要的影响。     

柔性纤维状锂离子电池材料研究进展

针对当前可穿戴电子产品不断发展对柔性供能器件提出的小型化、灵活化以及可弯曲、折叠的要求，介绍了柔性纤维状锂离子电池的结构，总结了近年来柔性纤维状锂离子电池材料及固态电解质材料的研究进展，指出发展安全可靠、适应性强且性能稳定的柔性纤维状锂离子电池材料是未来可穿戴供能器件的发展重点。     

高能锂离子电池的研究进展

近年来,锂离子电池因其优异的性能,发展十分迅速,锂离子电池的优异性能与电极材料的制备工艺及选择等密切相关,本文系统介绍了锂离子电池的工作原理,正负极材料及电解质的研究进展,并对锂离子电池研究中出现的问题提解决的途径。     

锂离子电池电解液产业分析

一、锂离子电池电解质技术概况锂离子电池制造所需的正极材料、负极材料、隔膜和电解质材料被称为锂离子电池4大关键材料,其中,锂离子电池电解质按其存在形态大致可以分为液态电解质、凝胶态电解质和固态电解质3种。从1991年全球第一只商业化锂离子电池诞生至今,锂离子电池电解质材料呈现出从液态到固态逐步发展的过程。现阶段,在电解质市场居统治地位的是液态电解质,一     

锂离子电池正极负极材料研究进展

近年来,锂离子电池因其优异的特性,发展十分迅速。锂离子电池的优异性能与电池的材料选择,材料的制备工艺等密切相关,可以说,锂离子电池的性能,很大程度上取决于电池的正负极材料以及电解质和隔膜材料的选择和制备。基于这种的重要性,本文对目送２锂离子电池的正极和负极材料的研究进展进行了综合评述。     

锂离子电池用无机固态电解质研究进展

全固态锂离子电池的核心技术是固态电解质，它决定着电池的各种性能。在所有已开发的固态电解质中，无机固态电解质被认为是最可行的电解质之一。基于无机固态电解质的锂离子传导机理，从LISICON型、Garnet型、Perovskite型和NASICON型四个类型，介绍了无机固态电解质当前存在的一些不足，以及近年来所取得的改善研究成果。面向锂离子电池产业快速发展，指出可以掺杂改性和加工方法改善联合实施，以及结合机器学习等人工智能手段，来优化改善方案，以促进全固态锂离子电池的产业化。     

高安全性锂离子电池电解质研究进展

电解质是锂离子电池的重要组成部分,其电化学性能和热稳定性是影响电池安全性能的重要因素.简要介绍了商用锂离子电池电解质的性质以及由其引起的安全问题,从替代电解质材料和电解质添加剂两个方面综述了高安全性锂离子电池电解质的研究现状,着重阐述了离子液体、聚合物电解质、新型锂盐、成膜添加剂和阻燃添加剂等对锂离子电池安全性能提高的最新进展,展望了锂离子电解液的发展方向.     

锂离子电池用固体聚合物电解质的最新进展

全固态聚合物电解质由于其突出的安全性能,在锂离子电池中具有潜在的应用前景,其研究备受关注.本文综述了锂离子电池用全固态聚合物电解质的最新研究进展.主要关注的是电化学性能,尤其是室温附近的离子电导率.对性能较好的聚合物固体电解质体系进行了概述.     

超级电容器电解质研究进展

电解质作为超级电容器的重要组成部分,对器件性能起着关键性作用。本文对近些年来超级电容器各种电解质,包括水系、有机液体、离子液体、固态/准固态聚合物电解质和氧化还原体系电解质的特点和最新研究成果进行了描述;重点介绍了固态/准固态聚合物电解质的分类及其性能研究概况。提出了发展电位窗口宽、离子电导率高、电化学性能稳定的离子液体和机械强度等综合性能优良的凝胶聚合物电解质是将来超级电容器电解质发展领域的趋势,最后对超级电容器电解质的发展前景进行了展望。     

Electrolytes and Electrolyte/Electrode Interfaces in Sodium‐Ion Batteries: From Scientific Research to Practical Application

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have drawn considerable interest as power‐storage devices owing to the wide abundance of their constituents and low cost. To realize a high performance–price ratio, the cathode and anode materials must be optimized. As essential components of SIBs, electrolytes should have wide electrochemical windows, high thermal stability, and exceptional ionic conductivity. Therefore, improved electrolytes, based on various materials and compositions, are developed to meet the practical demands of SIBs, including organic electrolytes, ionic liquids, aqueous, solid electrolytes, and hybrid electrolytes. Although mature organic electrolytes are currently used in production, aqueous and solid electrolytes show advantages for future applications, as discussed here in detail. Current efforts in modifying electrolytes to optimize their interfacial compatibility with electrodes, leading to longer battery lifetimes and greater safety, are described. The advanced characterization techniques used to investigate the properties of electrolytes and interfaces are introduced, and the reaction processes and degradation mechanisms of SIBs are revealed. Furthermore, the practical prospects of SIBs promoted by high‐quality electrolytes appropriately matched with electrodes are predicted and directions for developing next‐generation SIBs are suggested.     

Advanced Composite Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Filler Dimensional Design and Ion Path Optimization

Composite solid electrolytes are considered to be the crucial components of all-solid-state lithium batteries, which are viewed as the next-generation energy storage devices for high energy density and long working life. Numerous studies have shown that fillers in composite solid electrolytes can effectively improve the ion-transport behavior, the essence of which lies in the optimization of the ion-transport path in the electrolyte. The performance is closely related to the structure of the fillers and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components including polymer matrices and lithium salts. In this review, the dimensional design of fillers in advanced composite solid electrolytes involving 0D–2D nanofillers, and 3D continuous frameworks are focused on. The ion-transport mechanism and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components are highlighted. In addition, sandwich-structured composite solid electrolytes with fillers are also discussed. Strategies for the design of composite solid electrolytes with high room temperature ionic conductivity are summarized, aiming to assist target-oriented research for high-performance composite solid electrolytes.     

锂离子电池聚合物电解质研究进展

综述了二次锂离子电池聚合物电解质的最新研究进展,对不同类型的聚合物电解质按其基体进行分类,包括常见的几种聚合物基体以及近年来发展起来的几种新型聚合物基体。对于每类基体相关的研究成果,主要关注的是电化学性能。对一些性能优异的聚合物电解质体系及其相应的制备方法,给出了较为全面的概述。与使用液体有机电解质的二次锂离子电池相比...     

Exploiting Ionic Coupling in Electronic Devices: Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Currently there is great interest in using organic semiconductors to develop novel flexible electronic applications. An emerging strategy in organic semiconductor materials research involves development of composite or layered materials in which electronic and ionic conductivity is combined to create enhanced functionality in devices. For example, we and other groups have employed ionic motion to modulate electronic transport in organic field‐effect transistors using solid electrolytes. Not only do these transistors operate at low voltages as a result of greatly enhanced capacitive coupling, but they also display intriguing transport phenomena such as negative differential transconductance. Here, we discuss differences in operation between traditional (e.g., SiO₂) and electrolyte‐based dielectrics, suggest further improvements to currently used electrolyte materials, and propose several possibilities for exploiting electrolytes in future applications with both organic and inorganic semiconductors.     

Solid-State Electrolytes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Latest Progresses and Prospects

Solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries (SSLSBs) have attracted tremendous research interest due to their large theoretical energy density and high safety, which are highly important indicators for the development of next-generation energy storage devices. Particularly, safety and “shuttle effect” issues originating from volatile and flammable liquid organic electrolytes can be fully mitigated by switching to a solid-state configuration. However, their road to thecommercial application is still plagued with numerous challenges, most notably the intrinsic electrochemical instability of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) materials and their interfacial compatibility with electrodes and electrolytes. In this review, a critical discussion on the key issues and problems of different types of SSEs as well as the corresponding optimization strategies are first highlighted. Then, the state-of-the-art preparation methods and properties of different kinds of SSE materials, and their manufacture, characterization and performance in SSLSBs are summarized in detail. Finally, a scientific outlook for the future development of SSEs and the avenue to commercial application of SSLSBs is also proposed.     

Nonaqueous Sodium‐Ion Full Cells: Status,Strategies, and Prospects

With ever‐increasing efforts focused on basic research of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and growing energy demand, sodium‐ion full cells (SIFCs), as unique bridging technology between sodium‐ion half‐cells (SIHCs) and commercial batteries, have attracted more and more interest and attention. To promote the development of SIFCs in a better way, it is essential to gain a systematic and profound insight into their key issues and research status. This Review mainly focuses on the interface issues, major challenges, and recent progresses in SIFCs based on diversified electrolytes (i.e., nonaqueous liquid electrolytes, quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes, and all‐solid‐state electrolytes) and summarizes the modification strategies to improve their electrochemical performance, including interface modification, cathode/anode matching, capacity ratio, electrolyte optimization, and sodium compensation. Outlooks and perspectives on the future research directions to build better SIFCs are also provided.     

Lithium-Ion Battery Separators for Ionic-Liquid Electrolytes: A Review

Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely studied as a safer alternative electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. The properties of IL electrolytes compared to conventional electrolytes make them more thermally stable, but they also have poor wetting with commercial separators. In a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte should completely wet out the separator and electrodes to reduce the cell internal resistance. Investigations of cell materials with IL electrolytes have shown that the wetting issues in IL–electrolyte cells are most likely due to poor separator compatibility, not electrode compatibility. A compatible separator must be developed before IL electrolytes can be used in commercial lithium-ion batteries. Herein, separators for IL electrolytes, including commercial and novel separators, are reviewed. Separators with different processing methods, polymers, additives, and different IL electrolytes are considered. Collated, the separator studies show a strong correlation between ionic conductivity and membrane porosity, even more than the electrolyte type. The challenge of a suitable separator for IL electrolytes is not solved yet. Herein, it is revealed that a separator for IL electrolytes will most likely require a combination of high thermal and mechanical stability polymer, ceramic additives, and an optimized manufacturing process.     

聚合物复合电解质的界面结构与控制

本文主要讨论了聚合物固体电解质与聚合物、增塑剂和无机物等复合形成的多相聚合物复合电解质中 ,界面结构对离子电导率和机械性能的影响。指出选择适当的改性剂及复合方法 ,控制界面的结构和形态 ,形成尽可能多的高导电的界面 ,是获得电导率高和机械性能良好的聚合物固体电解质的有效途径。