广告设计专业网络形象设计课程的教学探索与创新

广告设计专业学生要应对数字化和多媒体艺术的挑战,必须及时补充和完善多媒体艺术创作和设计能力,开设网络形象设计课程势在必行。在课程的教学中,我们应注意艺术原则和美观享受同技术手段和操作特性的恰当结合,既体现审美又满足实用。     

Before clarity [software design]

Most software developers become preoccupied with the question of what makes good design at some point in their careers, usually after witnessing the effects of bad design first hand. At that point, we start to reflect. We go through a stage where we feel we know what good design is but can't really define it. Then we learn various design principles and rules of thumb that make it easier to judge what constitutes good design. But when these principles and rules conflict, we have to make trade-offs and decide what's most important in each situation. The blanket rule of thumb: Keep design as clear as possible. Regardless of the trade-offs, the most important thing was clarity. If a system uses a straightforward coding style - the classes and methods are well named and small enough to be clearly understood, and the system isn't littered with snarls of obscure code - then you can do just about anything. You can change the system with impunity, write tests for it, make adjustments, and add features, all with relative ease. So "clear design is good design" seemed like a reasonable rule of thumb because so much of what makes code impossible to maintain comes down to a lack of clarity. If you can understand your system, you can change it effectively.     

Some Thermodynamic Aspects of Development and Bistability in Complex Multistage Systems

Following our earlier presentations at CSNSS workshops we continue considerations on extremum properties of entropy and its associates in complex systems. In particular, we transform the well-known extremum principle for a thermodynamic potential of a physical system into the extremum principle for an entropy-based complexity in a biological system with variable number of states, thus making it possible to investigate processes of biological development and evolution. The results imply that the increase in the number of states is governed by the gradient of the complexity function based on information-theoretic entropy. Tensor form of the associated dynamics is obtained. For the assumed model of complexity, some developmental processes may progress in a relatively undisturbed manner, whereas other ones may terminate in a rapid way due to inherent instabilities. We show that these features can be predicted when describing complex evolutions in terms of variational principles for shortest paths along with suitable transversality conditions. Reversible modification of states appears as a basic reference frame.     

实时异常处理技术的探讨

在分析现有异常处理技术的基础上，比较了在程序语言及操作系统中实现异常处理的优缺点，然后讨论了实时系统中异常处理的本质需求、必要需求及性能目标。为设计出适合于实时系统的异常处理机制，从异常的表示、关键度的管理等几个方面进行了讨论，为实时异常处理的设计提供了指导原则。最后对实时异常设计进行了总结，同时展望了该领域内的相关工作及发展方向进行。     

基于文件系统过滤驱动的安全增强型加密系统技术研究

应用层加密系统在实际的应用中一般要求用户在访问文件前手动进行加解密操作,有些系统中文件正常使用时必须以明文形式存储在磁盘上.基于文件系统驱动的加密文件系统减少了用户的参与操作,同时保证了磁盘上文件处于加密状态,但是其在设计与实现上较为复杂.针对上述方法存在的问题,本文采用Windows NT内核操作系统的驱动框架,基于文件系统过滤驱动技术实现对数据进行透明加解密.通过这种方法不仅解决了应用层加密系统存在的不足,与加密文件系统相比开发实现较简单灵活.另外使用智能卡作为加解密密钥的存储容器,进一步增强整个系统的安全性.     

COMMUNICATION LANGUAGES FOR MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS

Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have recently acquired a primary role in open multiagent systems, which need a standard communication framework shared by all interacting heterogeneous agents. According to the most important ACL standard proposals so far, agents are supposed to carry out the communication process by performing actions of a specific type, namely, communicative acts, whose semantics is defined in terms of the agents' mental states. Although following the mainstream guidelines inspired by the Speech Act Theory, our work illustrates an alternative model of agent communication, by shifting the focus from agents' mental states to their social state. Taking an existing communicative act library, we provide a semantics for a significant set of acts based on the concept of commitment, and prove that our approach tackles some issues that have not been dealt with in an effective way yet and that may have hindered the rise of an universally accepted ACL standard.     

A model for capturing and representing the engineering design process

This paper presents a Collaborative Model for capturing and representing the engineering Design process (CoMoDe). CoMoDe is a deductive object-oriented model that, in relation to an engineering design process, is able to capture the different elements that participate in a design process in an integrated fashion. In particular, it is able to represent (i) the activities, operations, and actors that have generated each design product, (ii) the imposed requirements, and (iii) the rationale behind each decision. Furthermore, it also offers an explicit mechanism to represent and trace the different model versions that have participated in the design process. On such a basis, this proposal introduces specific procedures to handle various situations appearing in cooperative environments. They are: (i) different design teams perform independent concurrent activities on “a priori” independent parts of the artefact being designed and afterwards their results need to be made consistent; (ii) distinct teams concurrently work on slightly coupled parts of the artefact being designed and conflict handling must be addressed along their “parallel” course of actions.     

A model for capturing and representing the engineering design process

This paper presents a Collaborative Model for capturing and representing the engineering Design process (CoMoDe). CoMoDe is a deductive object-oriented model that, in relation to an engineering design process, is able to capture the different elements that participate in a design process in an integrated fashion. In particular, it is able to represent (i) the activities, operations, and actors that have generated each design product, (ii) the imposed requirements, and (iii) the rationale behind each decision. Furthermore, it also offers an explicit mechanism to represent and trace the different model versions that have participated in the design process. On such a basis, this proposal introduces specific procedures to handle various situations appearing in cooperative environments. They are: (i) different design teams perform independent concurrent activities on “a priori” independent parts of the artefact being designed and afterwards their results need to be made consistent; (ii) distinct teams concurrently work on slightly coupled parts of the artefact being designed and conflict handling must be addressed along their “parallel” course of actions.     

Behind the scenes: The role of writing guideline design in online charitable crowdfunding market

The online charitable crowdfunding platform has emerged as a powerful tool for raising funds from large crowds to support non-profit activities. Following a patronage model, fundraisers on the platform are forced to use compelling stories to capture the attention of individual donors. As such, conceptualizing a persuasive request narrative for projects posted on the platform becomes one of the most pressing issues. Project writing guidelines, as an important platform design, are widely adopted to help fundraisers. Unfortunately, their role in the market has not been well examined. To fill this research gap, we leverage a unique dataset from a leading donation-based crowdfunding platform in the United States and make full use of its policy change opportunity on writing guidelines to thoroughly investigate its impacts and the underlying mechanism on donors’ contributions. Our empirical results show that the more constraints the guidelines impose on writing, the more likely they are to weaken the persuasiveness of narratives. We specifically focus on three aspects of narrative complexity and find that writing guidelines have a negative impact on linguistic complexity, which in turn diminishes donors’ contribution behavior. Nevertheless, they have positive impacts on both content and structural complexity, with the difference being that increased content complexity weakens donors’ contributions, while higher structural complexity is more likely to attract donations. Moreover, we examine the heterogeneous effects of writing guidelines on fundraisers with varied involvements. These findings deepen our understanding of writing guidance design in online platforms and have implications for charitable crowdfunding platforms and fundraisers.     

Computer-aided design of effluent irrigation

Effluent irrigation systems are engineering systems that have been identified as an attractive option for effluent disposal in Australia for environmental pollution control and resource reuse. As engineering systems, they should be designed based on established engineering procedures. At the moment, the systems are designed mainly on the guidelines issued by individual states in Australia, which are general engineering practices. However, the guidelines are quite different in different states. There are no generalised and commonly acceptable design procedures available for reference. This paper reports a generic calculation model for effluent irrigation design, and a decision support system called Computer-Aided Design of Effluent (CAD-Effluent) that was developed based on the model. The model can accommodate different methods of estimating sustainable effluent loading rates such as the methods specified in guidelines, simulation models that describe the pollutant transformation processes in soils, or other empirical methods. The application of CAD-Effluent is demonstrated using Queensland guidelines and climate data from thirty-one locations.     

A big-picture look at enterprise architectures

It makes sense to plan the growth of your information systems. But many attempts to create a road map start at the wrong level. Ensuring a consistent, coherent vision to direct the evolution of the enterprise's information systems is difficult enough with a development framework. Without one, it's impossible. The concepts we outline are just a task list in the work to establish an enterprise architecture, but they give you some idea of the breadth of the job ahead of you. However, we hope we've given you a start toward a more realistic vision of your enterprise architecture     

A Novel Approach to Motion Control Design for Functionally Related Systems

When a complex task has to be performed by multiple systems, it imposes functional dependencies between the states and/or outputs of the systems. These functional dependencies create a system of’ virtually’ interconnected subsystems, even though they may be physically separated. The component subsystems within the overall system we call ‘functionally related systems’. This paper deals with motion control design for functionally related systems. The design is based on identifying functions. The control design is then performed by projecting the system dynamics into the function space. The main goal is to obtain unit control distribution matrix in the function space and enforce a desired dynamics for each of the identified functions.     

基于深度强化学习的平行企业资源计划

传统的企业资源计划（Enterprise resource planning,ERP）采用静态化的业务流程设计理念,忽略了人的关键作用,且很少涉及系统性的过程模型,因此难以应对现代企业资源计划的复杂性要求.为实现现代企业资源计划的新范式,本文在ACP（人工社会（Artificial societies）、计算实验（Computational experiments）、平行执行（Parallel execution））方法框架下,以大数据为驱动,融合深度强化学习方法,构建基于平行管理的企业ERP系统.首先基于多Agent构建ERP整体建模框架,然后针对企业ERP的整个流程建立序贯博弈模型,最后运用基于深度强化学习的神经网络寻找最优策略,解决复杂企业ERP所面临的不确定性、多样性和复杂性.     

Context-adaptive agility: managing complexity and uncertainty

At Landmark Graphics, we have worked with various software practices and processes and over the last several years have begun to better comprehend some of the guidelines that define "barely sufficient" for our software projects. One thing has become quite apparent: what's barely sufficient for one project can be insufficient for another yet overly bureaucratic for another. As we looked at our project history, we found that two primary attributes influenced the type of process we used: complexity and uncertainty. To better quantify these attributes, we devised a scoring model and plotted each project's results on a four-quadrant graph. We have developed an approach to help determine what process practices are "barely sufficient" for any given project. We start with a core set of common practices. Then, depending on complexity and uncertainty, we can recommend additional practices. By identifying these project drivers, we can provide earlier guidance to project teams so that they can start with a process that's close to appropriate.     

Model-based design of supervisory controllers for baggage handling systems

The complexity of airport baggage handling systems in combination with the required high level of robustness makes designing supervisory controllers for these systems a challenging task.We show how a state of the art, formal, model-based design framework has been successfully used for model-based design of supervisory controllers for an actual industrial baggage handling system, and for a real-time emulation model of an actual international airport.The high level modeling elements of the applied CIF model-based design framework allow the modeler to concentrate on implementing the baggage handling system design requirements, instead of programming PLC code. It also allows a modular and hierarchical design of the supervisory controller, and provides flexibility in adapting and extending the model. Validation of the controller and the uncontrolled plant by means of simulation and visualization made it possible to catch all modeling errors, leading to very short modeling, testing and error correction iteration loops.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful employment of formal, model-based design in the context of supervisory control for actual, industrial size baggage handling systems, that covers the entire development process from requirements up to and including validation, real-time PLC code generation and implementation.We give an overview of the model-based design framework, discuss several modeling issues, and analyze the results of the industrial applications. We do not go into full technical detail, due to nondisclosure agreements, but tell the story, and give lessons learned that we consider useful for practitioners.     

Fail-safety techniques and their extensions to concurrent systems

Fail-safety is a system attribute which ensures that a program either completes its execution satisfying its post-conditions in the normal manner or signals its failure to do so to its operating environment. Such an attribute is desirable of any system as it ensures the correctness of results which are produced. A very few modern sequential programming languages offer program fail-safety through the judicious use of a well designed exception handling mechanism. In this paper the exception handling techniques used in those sequential systems are developed to provide the guidelines for fail-safe concurrent system design.     

Responsible agent behavior: a distributed computing perspective

Software agents that are autonomous, communicative, and possibly intelligent processes raise new questions for developers of distributed systems. Specifically, what is responsible agent behavior, and who, as the owner, is legally responsible for it? The answers involve an understanding of human-agent interaction, agent-oriented middleware, and social behavior. Some software agents will have a sufficiently large number of internal states to be capable of seemingly intelligent behavior. Hence, an agent's future external behavior cannot be guaranteed on the basis of its past behavior, even if that behavior has been monitored over time. Complete compliance tests of intelligent agents, therefore, may not be achievable because of the (possibly) large number of internal states. Thus, the best we can say is that an agent has not exhibited noncompliant behavior yet. Communication between agents implies a contract between owners, and the complexity of agents implies possibly unpredictable behavior. Therefore, an appropriate legal framework is required to underwrite the consequences of communicative actions and to provide safeguards against unlawful activities. The legal implications of agent technology require new ways of thinking about working with an agent, new requirements for agent-oriented middleware, and additional types of social behavior to be considered when designing a multiagent system