射线跟踪法对室内MIMO信道容量分析

采用确定性传播预测模型——2维射线跟踪法分析了室内非视距传播环境中MIMO系统容量ccdfs。分析结果表明,在非视距的室内环境中实现MIMO系统容量增益所需要的散射环境是丰富的,天线阵的阵列结构如天线间隔是影响MIMO系统的主要因素。当天线之间的间隔为5λ时,MIMO 系统的容量非常接近Telatar分析的独立同分布瑞利信道容量。但当天线之间的间隔为0.5λ时,MIMO 系统容量显著降低,并且随着天线数目的增加,容量降低越显著。     

天线间隔对室内非视距MIMO信道容量的影响

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了天线间隔对非视距室内环境中MIMO系统容量ccdfs的影响。结果表明，天线间隔对MIMO系统容量影响非常显著，而且天线数目不同，天线间隔对MIMO系统容量影响不同。天线间隔越大，系统容量越接近Telatar所预测的MIMO系统容量；但随着天线间隔的减小，系统容量则会显著降低。对于相同天线间隔的多天线系统，随着天线数目的增加，系统所能实现的独立同分布瑞利信道容量的百分比越低。     

阵列布局对机载MIMO信道容量影响

为进一步提高空地(air-to-ground,ATG)下行通信容量,建立了三维基于散射体分布的ATG MIMO单跳同心椭圆环信道模型,结合机载多入多出（multiple input multiple output,MIMO）均匀线阵以及圆阵布局方案,推导了基于阵列结构分量的机载MIMO信道相关矩阵,为通过合理设计机载MIMO天线结构来提升ATG传输速率,分析了阵列结构参数对遍历容量的影响。仿真表明,受ATG远距离通信影响,需要扩大天线间隔来提高MIMO信道容量,且相比于线阵布局,圆阵布局更加适应飞行姿态变化,获得较高的信道容量。      

三维粗糙面上的MIMO信道模型

多天线构成的多输入多输出MIMO（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）信道是B3G/4G系统的关键技术之一。文章建立下垫三维粗糙面的MIMO信道模型,用基尔霍夫（KA,Kirchhoff approximation）近似随机粗糙面散射的数值计算方法研究下垫粗糙面产生的随机多路径传输对MIMO信道矩阵的影响,并数值地讨论接收、发射天线阵列位置以及下垫粗糙面几何参数对MIMO系统信道容量的影响。结果表明,双站距离大、天线高度低时,下垫随机粗糙面对MIMO信道容量的影响显著。当天线阵元间距小时,下垫粗糙面将显著增大MIMO系统信道容量;当天线间距大时,粗糙面减小MIMO系统信道容量。     

MIMO系统信道容量研究

针对单用户MIMO系统信道的容量特性展开研究。首先详细推导了无衰落信道下信道容量表达式,然后重点分析了瑞利衰落信道下,接收端已知信道状态信息,发射端已知信道状态分布时的容量特性。最后分别针对瑞利衰落信道下,采用发射分集、接收分集以及BLAST传输结构的系统容量进行仿真。仿真结果表明:给定发射功率,独立的瑞利衰落信道条件下,MIMO系统容量随最小天线数目的增加而线性增加,极大地提高了系统容量。     

窄带波束信道MIMO系统的容量分析

最近的研究表明,多输入多输出(MIMO)技术在不增加功率和带宽消耗的情况下具有大幅提高无线通信速率的潜力.在传统的MIMO系统(称为天线信道MIMO系统)中,多个接收天线的输出被直接选作多输出信号.提出了波束信道MIMO系统的结构.在波束信道MIMO系统中,多个波束的输出被选作多输出信号.基于阵列方向响应矢量,提出了窄带MIMO信道冲激响应矩阵的仿真算法.基于提出的信道冲激响应矩阵算法,给出了天线信道MIMO系统和波束信道MIMO系统容量极限的分析算法.理论分析和仿真结果都表明:波束信道能够提高信噪比(SNR),降低信道间的互相关性,因此波束信道MIMO系统比天线信道MIMO系统具有更大的容量极限.     

基于天线选择的低秩信道MIMO系统容量研究

最近的研究表明,在衰落信道多天线MIMO系统的容量随发射天线数线性增加.而对于低散射环境,即使信号经历独立的衰落,信道秩的降低也会严重影响系统容量的增加.对于这种低秩环境,选择天线发射或接收可以有效地降低系统的成本.本文研究了天线选择对低秩信道MIMO系统容量的影响.仿真结果表明,对不同的信道条件,适当选择天线发射不仅可以增加信道容量,而且可以降低系统的复杂度和射频成本.适当选择天线接收,在不严重降低系统容量的前提下,也达到了降低系统成本的目的.     

天线匹配对莱斯信道下紧凑MIMO系统性能的影响

深入研究了存在天线互耦和空间相关时,天线匹配网络对莱斯信道下多输入多输出MIMO系统性能的影响,建立了包含相关莱斯信道、天线互耦和匹配网络的(MIMO)系统模型.通过仿真分析了匹配阻抗、天线互耦、空间相关性以及信道衰落环境对包络相关性和信道容量的影响.实验结果表明:莱斯信道下匹配阻抗对MIMO系统的影响与瑞利信道情况下有所不同,适当地选择天线匹配阻抗可以改善MIMO系统的性能.     

室内走廊环境毫米波OAM信道特性分析与统计建模

针对自由空间传播模型仅能描述自由空间场景下携带轨道角动量(OAM)的涡旋信道传播特性,以及确定性稀疏多径涡旋信道模型严格依赖于传播环境而不能准确刻画真实多径场景下OAM信道传播特性的问题,该文提出毫米波OAM多径信道统计建模方法。在室内走廊环境下构建基于均匀圆形天线阵列(UCA)的OAM辐射传输系统,基于光学射线理论与UCA辐射特性,建立OAM多径信道模型。结果表明,在毫米波频段均匀分布和Nakagami-m分布能够准确地表征室内走廊多径环境下的OAM信道波前相位和幅度,视距(LoS)和非视距(NLoS)传播条件下传播距离较大时信道幅度服从瑞利分布,视距传播条件下传播距离较小时信道幅度服从莱斯分布。     

相关Rician衰落信道下紧凑MIMO系统的容量分析

研究了Rician衰落信道下采用紧凑型双偶极子阵列的MIMO系统容量,建立了相关Rician衰落信道下紧凑MIMO系统的模型,深入分析了天线互耦、空间相关性、功率分配方案以及信道衰落环境对信道容量的影响。数值结果表明天线间距较小时,互耦和相关性会导致信道容量的损失,而在某些情况下互耦和相关性的影响会使信道容量有所增加。     

Antenna Array Structures Effect on Water-Filling Capacity of Indoor NLOS MIMO Channel

1 Introduction Digital communication using MI MO has recently e-merged as one of the most significant technical break-throughs in modern wireless communications .Foschini ,Telatar and others saythat the capacity can beincreasedlinearly with the mini mum antenna numbers of thetransmitter and receiver if the scattering environment isrich and there is no correlation between the antennapairs at the transmitter and the receiver[1 ~2]. Toachieve these capacities coding techniques such asBLAST an…     

基于射线跟踪法的73 GHz走廊环境MIMO信道特性研究

为了研究5G室内走廊环境的毫米波传输特性,通过射线跟踪仿真方法预测了室内走廊环境下73 GHz毫米波MIMO信道特性。介绍了实验的仿真环境和射线跟踪仿真预测的实验方法和具体参数设置。研究了室内走廊环境下73 GHz毫米波MIMO信道的路径损耗、RMS时延扩展和MIMO信道容量变化。发现了路径损耗斜率和RMS时延数值较小。研究MIMO容量随距离变化时发现,收发机沿走廊纵向方向中间处会产生容量峰值,主要是由于该处散射丰富,NLOS分量大。研究MIMO容量特性发现增大天线间距和增大天线阵列规模可以提升容量,但是采用4×64 Massive MIMO相对于采用4×4 MIMO时容量提升较为有限。实验证实了73 GHz毫米波MIMO可以用于室内走廊环境。     

28 GHz MIMO无线信道特性分析与研究

基于室内视距(Line-of-Sight,LOS)和非视距(Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS)无线信道测量数据,研究了28 GHz多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)信道参数和容量特性.具体地说,分析了莱斯K因子、时延扩展、出发角和到达角的角度扩展等信道参数,研究了MIMO信道容量及空间相关性对容量的影响.结果表明:莱斯K因子、时延扩展以及角度扩展值取决于测量环境及场景;LOS条件下时延扩展的累积分布函数(Cumulative Distribution Function,CDF)曲线与正态分布拟合优于NLOS条件下的数据;MIMO天线空间相关性越大信道容量越小.本文结果可为28 GHz无线通信系统设计提供有用信息.     

Capacity of MIMO Rician channels

This paper presents exact results on the capacity of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) Rician channels when perfect channel state information (CSI) is assumed at the receiver but the transmitter has neither instantaneous nor statistical CSI. It first derives the exact expression for the average mutual information (MI) rate of MIMO Rician fading channels when the fading coefficients are independent but not necessarily identically distributed. The results for the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) MIMO Rician and Rayleigh fading channels are also obtained as special cases. These results are derived using a different approach than the one used by Telatar for the i.i.d. Rayleigh case. The complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) of the MI is also obtained using a Gaussian approximation. The CDF of MI can serve as an upper bound to the outage probability of nonergodic MIMO Rician channels. Numerical results confirm that for a fixed channel gain, a strong tine-of-sight component decreases the channel capacity due to the lack of scattering.     

宽带车辆到车辆MIMO通信系统性能研究

基于二维（Two-Dimensional,2D）双环和三维（Three-Dimensional,3D）双圆柱体散射模型,在视距（Line-of-Sight,LOS）和非视距（Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS）场景下,利用宽带2D和3D几何散射模型开展信道仿真,基于实现的MIMO信道矩阵,结合空-频区块编码（Space-Frequency Block Coding,SFBC）和正交频分复用（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM）技术,研究了收发终端的移动速度、天线阵元间隔等对宽带车辆到车辆（Vehicle-to-Vehicle,V2V）多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO）通信系统误码率（Bit Error Rate,BER）和信道容量的影响.结果表明:随着收发终端移动速度增大,信号衰减加快,宽带MIMO V2V通信系统的BER增大;随着收发端天线阵元间隔的增大,MIMO信道的相关性减小,通信系统的BER减小,MIMO信道的信道容量增大.文中研究方法和结论将对V2V MIMO系统性能分析有一定的指导意义.     

Experimental Study on the Capacity of Compact MIMO Antennas for Portable Terminals

This paper presents the relationship between antenna structures and the performance of two kinds of compact MIMO antennas in order to find critical factors that affect the capacity of MIMO systems. The relationship between the channel capacity and some factors (antenna efficiency, mutual coupling, correlation) are analyzed based on experimental data under indoor Rayleigh fading environment. Antenna elements mounted in two different configurations (common and separated ground plane) with antenna spacing varying, were investigated at the frequency of 2.6 GHz band experimentally. The good characteristics in the case of separated ground plane show that the proposed antennas, even with small spacing, can still achieve high capacity to combat multipath fading and deliver higher data rates. It demonstrates that multiple antennas could be mounted onto small terminal devices without much loss of capacity. It is also found that mutual coupling has positive impact which could reduce channel correlation; negative effect which could degrade antenna efficiency. In the indoor multipath-rich environment, the negative effect is dominant.     

Capacity of the broadband dual-orthogonal polarized MIMO Land Mobile Satellite (LMS) channel: Channel modeling and influenced factors analysis

Generally, the channel capacity of a MIMO system is closely related to its Channel Characteristic Matrix (CCM). In most current studies, the CCMs are formed by an independent identical distribution (i.i.d) model with Rayleigh or Rice distribution and nevertheless incomplete and inaccurate to describe a Broadband Dual-orthogonal Polarized MIMO Land Mobile Satellite (BDM-LMS) channel. In this paper, we build up the BDM-LMS channel model combining a 4-states broadband LMS channel model, time selective fading features, Channel Covariance Information (CCI) model and polarization correlation between antennas. Modeling steps of the channel model are introduced. The main emphasis is placed on the effects of the factors on the channel capacity in BDM-LMS system, such as antenna numbers, temporal correlations, terminal environments, elevation angles and polarization correlations between the DPAs. We provide simulation results to illustrate the effects of these factors through comparisons of the transmit rate, Ergodic Capacity and Outage Capacity. Moreover, the MIMO outage capacity advantages, indicating the benefits of MIMO compared with SISO systems under the same channel condition, are also studied under i.i.d and BDM-LMS channel.     

General Capacity Bounds for Spatially Correlated Rician MIMO Channels

This paper considers the capacity of spatially correlated Rician multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. We consider the general case with double-sided correlation and arbitrary rank channel means. We derive tight upper and lower bounds on the ergodic capacity. In the particular cases when the numbers of transmit and receive antennas are equal, or when the correlation is single sided, we derive more specific bounds which are computationally efficient. The bounds are shown to reduce to known results in cases of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and correlated Rayleigh MIMO channels. We also analyze the outage characteristics of the correlated Rician MIMO channels at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We derive the mean and variance of the mutual information and show that it is well approximated by a Gaussian distribution. Finally, we present numerical results which show the effect of the antenna configuration, correlation level (angle spreads), Rician$K$-factor, and the geometry of the dominant Rician paths.