基于BOTDA的民用建筑全寿命健康监测研究

采用分布式光纤传感技术(BOTDA)对建筑结构在荷载和温度影响产生的应变进行监测,根据建筑结构构件的受力特征,对其部分关键部位设计了BOTDA传感器,包括布设方式、保护手段和监测方式,实现建筑设计使用年限内的全过程动态实时监测,为建筑保护、建筑功能调整引起的结构加固提供了技术支持。     

重大建筑工程健康监测系统设计与工程应用

针对某实际空间钢结构工程,应用研发的健康监测系统平台对结构施工过程及服役期间的安全状况进行监测。平台通过自主研发的多功能、低功耗无线传感器采集建筑结构的环境及结构相应参数,利用无线传感网络传输数据,通过对数据进行分析,以评定建筑结构的安全性。     

空间结构健康监测研究现状与展望

空间结构是大跨度、大空间和大面积建筑结构的主要形式,在国家基础设施与城市建设领域有广泛应用,其结构安全性至关重要。空间结构健康监测通过传感技术准确获取结构响应,实时反映结构的性能状态,为空间结构施工、运营与管理决策提供科学的依据与指导。经过多年的研究和工程实践,已经发展了适合大型空间结构的物联网无线传感监测技术,建立了多维数据分析理论,并在国家体育场、国家速滑馆、北京大兴国际机场航站楼等重大工程中实现规模化应用,取得了阶段性研究进展。通过对空间结构健康监测的研究及应用现状进行系统总结,疏理空间结构健康监测的特点,围绕荷载与响应多维传感及大面域传输网络综述了其传感监测技术的研究现状,归纳了结构荷载分析、响应分析以及结构状态评估的监测数据分析理论。同时,基于融合大数据、云计算以及人工智能展望其未来研究方向,旨在进一步推动空间结构健康监测的创新与发展。     

Research status and future prospects of space structure health monitoring

空间结构是大跨度、大空间和大面积建筑结构的主要形式，在国家基础设施与城市建设领域有广泛应用，其结构安全性至关重要。空间结构健康监测通过传感技术准确获取结构响应，实时反映结构的性能状态，为空间结构施工、运营与管理决策提供科学的依据与指导。经过多年的研究和工程实践，已经发展了适合大型空间结构的物联网无线传感监测技术，建立了多维数据分析理论，并在国家体育场、国家速滑馆、北京大兴国际机场航站楼等重大工程中实现规模化应用，取得了阶段性研究进展。通过对空间结构健康监测的研究及应用现状进行系统总结，疏理空间结构健康监测的特点，围绕荷载与响应多维传感及大面域传输网络综述了其传感监测技术的研究现状，归纳了结构荷载分析、响应分析以及结构状态评估的监测数据分析理论。同时，基于融合大数据、云计算以及人工智能展望其未来研究方向，旨在进一步推动空间结构健康监测的创新与发展。     

光纤布拉格光栅传感器用于混凝土结构施工监测

采用与土木工程施工特点相适应的操作工艺与保护方法,将自行研制的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)应变传感器与温度传感器埋入一幢5层钢筋混凝土结构的大楼中,用以监测该建筑在施工过程中梁、柱的应变与温度变化.研究结果表明,埋入的FBG传感器可以方便地监测施工过程中混凝土结构内部温度与应变的变化,为混凝土结构的健康监测提供依据;自行研制的FBG传感器传感性能良好,成活率高,寿命长,为基于FBG传感器长期的混凝土结构健康监测奠定了基础.     

基于FBG传感的瀛洲大桥结构健康监测系统研究

基于光纤Bragg光栅传感技术,对洛阳瀛洲大桥结构健康监测系统进行了研究。介绍了瀛洲大桥健康监测系统的组成和各系统的功能,提出了基于FBG传感技术的长期监测与周期检测结合的监测策略,根据大桥构件在结构安全中的重要性和易损性确定了监测内容,重点对于大桥关键受力区一拱脚倒三角区进行了有限元分析,在此基础上进行了FBG传感布置。最后对于大桥运营结构预警与评估实施方法等进行了探讨。     

光纤传感混凝土碳纤维材料状态监测技术展望

以光纤传感技术在混凝土结构中碳纤维材料状态监测需求为背景,介绍了服役过程中混凝土结构面临的损伤问题、钢筋混凝土结构中碳纤维材料的应用现状及所面临的损伤问题、光纤传感技术在混凝土结构健康监测中的应用现状等,并对光纤传感在混凝土结构碳纤维材料监测的应用前景进行了相关展望。     

光纤健康监测技术在桥梁结构中的发展与应用

论述了光纤结构健康监测技术,介绍了FBG光纤光栅、分布式光纤传感技术及其在桥梁结构健康监测领域的研究现状,并对光纤监测技术在桥梁结构状态监测中的进一步应用进行了相关展望,指出光纤传感技术具有更好的稳定性和可靠性,应用前景广阔。     

无线传感器网络在桥梁健康监测中的应用

阐述了结构健康监测系统的基本概念和构成体系.通过无线传感器网络的建设,对桥梁结构进行静载试验和动载试验,利用静态测试数据的传感技术和实时动态监测的信号来对结构损伤部位进行分析,使无线传感器监测系统满足结构的健康监测要求.     

基于光纤光栅传感技术的隧道健康监测系统

介绍了目前隧道结构健康监测系统的研究现状,探讨了布拉格光纤光栅传感技术在隧道结构监测中的应用,并展望了隧道结构健康监测系统的发展前景,从而进一步推广光纤光栅传感技术在隧道监测中的应用。     

Development of an integrated structural health monitoring system for bridge structures in operational conditions

This paper presents an overview of development of an integrated structural health monitoring system. The integrated system includes vibration and guided-wave based structural health monitoring. It integrates the real-time heterogeneous sensor data acquiring system, data analysis and interpretation, physical-based numerical simulation of complex structural system under operational conditions and structural evaluation. The study is mainly focused on developing: integrated sensor technology, integrated structural damage identification with operational loads monitoring, and integrated structural evaluation with results from system identification. Numerical simulation and its implementation in laboratory show that the system is effective and reliable to detect local damage and global conditions of bridge structures.     

光纤光栅传感技术在水工结构监测中的应用研究

应用新型光纤光栅传感技术,结合常见水工混凝土结构物的结构特征,采用结构测试、损伤评估等理论,建立了结构健康监测体系,对新型光纤光栅传感器在水工结构健康监测中的应用进行了相关研究,以此解决水工结构监测系统实际应用存在的基本构架技术问题。     

福州海峡国际会展中心结构健康监测系统设计与分析研究

结构健康监测已成为重大建筑结构工程安全监测重要技术手段,是当前土木工程界研究热点。福州海峡国际会展中心结构健康监测系统包括了四大系统:传感器系统、数据采集和传输系统、数据处理及控制系统和结构健康评估系统。研究总体的设计原则和各子系统设计原则和方法,给出了基于钢屋盖结构体系的安全评估方法。     

Mobile Agent Computing Paradigm for Building a Flexible Structural Health Monitoring Sensor Network

Abstract: Wireless structural health monitoring research has drawn great attention in recent years from various research groups. While sensor network approach is a feasible solution for structural health monitoring, the design of wireless sensor networks presents a number of challenges, such as adaptability and the limited communication bandwidth. To address these challenges, we explore the mobile agent approach to enhance the flexibility and reduce raw data transmission in wireless structural health monitoring sensor networks. An integrated wireless sensor network consisting of a mobile agent‐based network middleware and distributed high computational power sensor nodes is developed. These embedded computer‐based high computational power sensor nodes include Linux operating system, integrate with open source numerical libraries, and connect to multimodality sensors to support both active and passive sensing. The mobile agent middleware is built on a mobile agent system called Mobile‐C. The mobile agent middleware allows a sensor network moving computational programs to the data source. With mobile agent middleware, a sensor network is able to adopt newly developed diagnosis algorithms and make adjustment in response to operational or task changes. The presented mobile agent approach has been validated for structural damage diagnosis using a scaled steel bridge.     

Extreme value theory-based structural health prognosis method using reduced sensor data

This paper presents an extreme value theory (EVT)-based structural health prognosis method that can be used for estimating the quantile values of remaining useful life (RUL) of monitored structure with reduced sensor data. Massive sensor data generated from online structural health monitoring system can be utilised to provide more refined prognosis results such as statistical distribution of RULs. By using the moment estimator from EVT, only a small portion of the full sensor data-set is actually used for estimating the quantile values of the RUL. This can considerably cut the computing time required for structural health prognosis. As a requirement for implementing the EVT-based prognosis, monotonicity relation between damage index (either measured or derived from sensor data) and RUL values has to be satisfied though. Common prognosis problems in civil engineering include fatigue cracking in steel structures and steel rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. To illustrate the EVT-based prognosis, the monotonicity condition is shown for the selected degradation models in two case studies involving fatigue life estimation and pitting corrosion life of steel reinforcing rebar, respectively. The results show that EVT-based structural health prognosis method is computationally efficient without loss of much accuracy.     

南昌新八一大桥健康监测预警指标计算分析

为了保证桥梁健康监测系统的有效性和及时性,给桥梁管理者提供维修及加固的依据,以南昌市新八一大桥为工程背景,在有限元数值模拟结合传感器监测数据的基础上,建立了多指标并行预警的结构预警体系,阐述了预警指标、预警阈值和预警流程,并重点对索力、关键部位应力和挠度、疲劳车辆荷载、固有频率变化率等预警指标进行了计算分析。应用结果表明,在当前荷载作用下新八一大桥的各项预警指标的结果都正常,满足使用要求。     

斜拉桥结构健康监测系统的设计与实现(I):系统设计

结构智能健康监测愈来愈成为重大工程结构健康与安全的重要保障技术,也愈来愈成为重大工程结构损伤积累乃至灾害演变规律的重要研究手段。斜拉桥健康监测系统是由传感器子系统、数据采集与传输子系统、结构分析子系统和数据管理子系统组成的,不同系统的谐调运行需要通过系统集成技术来实现。首先从监测内容、等级和功能等方面研究健康监测系统的总体设计原则;然后,分局部监测变量和整体监测变量研究传感器的最优测点确定方法和原则,提出传感器的选型原则;提出数据采集系统的总线设计方法和方案,研究数据采集系统硬件和软件设计方法;提出数据传输系统的设计原则和方法;给出斜拉桥基于构件和基于结构体系的安全评定设计方法;提出斜拉桥施工监控、成桥试验、运营健康监测和养护管理四位一体系统的共享设计原则;提出系统集成技术的软件设计方法。     

分布式光纤混凝土梁应变测试研究

分布式光纤由于其长距离、分布式、实时在线监测,适用于大坝、水闸等土木工程结构的健康监测。文中在梁纵向钢筋、混凝土梁外表面分别布置分布式光纤传感器,判定混凝土梁开裂荷载及裂缝分布。研究结果表明:分布式光纤传感器能够对RC梁结构应变、裂缝进行准确的监测;分布式光纤传感器进行结构健康监测是可行的。     

Integrated multi‐type sensor placement and response reconstruction method for high‐rise buildings under unknown seismic loading

Structural health monitoring system has been implemented on high‐rise buildings to provide real‐time measurement of structural responses for evaluating their serviceability, safety, and sustainability. However, because of the complex structural configuration of a high‐rise building and the limited number of sensors installed in the building, the complete evaluation of structural performance of the building in terms of the information directly recorded by a structural health monitoring system is almost impossible. This is particularly true when seismic‐induced ground motion is unknown. This paper thus proposes an integrated method that enables the optimal placement of multi‐type sensors on a high‐rise building on one hand and the reconstruction of structural responses and excitations using the information from the optimally located sensors on the other hand. The structural responses measured from multi‐type sensors are fused to estimate the full state of the building in the modal coordinates using Kalman filters, from which the structural responses at unmeasured locations and the seismic‐induced ground motion can be reconstructed. The optimal multi‐type sensor placement is simultaneously achieved by minimizing the overall estimation errors of structural responses at the locations of interest to a desired target level. A numerical study using a simplified finite element model of a high‐rise building is performed to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. The numerical results show that by using 3 types of sensors (inclinometers, Global Positioning System, and accelerometers), the proposed method offers an effective way to design a multi‐type sensor system, and the multi‐type sensors at their optimal locations can produce sufficient information on the response and excitation reconstruction.