基于监狱管理标准化的监狱治理精细化研究

本文从监狱管理标准化内涵出发,梳理并构建出监狱管理标准体系,从标准施行、主体责任及标准宣贯等几个视角提出了监狱治理精细化的对策和建议,为监狱管理行政主管部门、服务组织有效开展监狱管理标准化建设提供技术依据和方向指引。     

创新开展“五个一” 提升标准树形象——江宁监狱社会管理和公共服务标准化试点建设

正2018年4月,江苏省市场监管局正式把"监狱管理标准化试点"确定为江苏省2018年度社会管理和公共服务标准化试点项目。江宁监狱作为试点建设主体,按照创建要求认真完成各项工作目标任务,通过全员试点创建,监狱管理成效有了较大提升。2019年4月,省级标准化试点工作高分通过评估。2020年3月,江宁监狱     

监狱管理标准化研究

本文从监狱管理标准化的内涵着手,分析了当前监狱管理工作的标准化需求,进而在此基础上,构建了包括技术标准、工作标准和管理标准在内的标准体系并提出了当前急需制定的标准项目。文章的最后提出了推进监狱管理标准化工作有针对性的对策建议。     

我国监狱罪犯档案管理的现状及发展研究

监狱罪犯档案管理是监狱日常管理工作的重要内容，能够很好的反映执法过程和罪犯的改造情况，是提高监狱管理效率，体现罪犯管理效果的重要任务之一，也是狱政管理的一个主要方面。本文简要论述了监狱罪犯档案管理的内容，对当前我国监狱罪犯档案管理的不足进行了分析，在此基础上，提出了加强监狱档案管理应该注意的一些问题，并对监狱罪犯档案管理的发展趋势进行了分析预测。     

公安交通管理车载执勤执法装备应用标准化研究

近年来,我国对交通管理科技工作的重视,车载执勤执法装备在交警路面执勤执法工作中的作用愈加重要。车载执勤执法装备的普遍应用对装备的技术标准化和管理标准化提出了新的要求。本文通过对公安交通管理车载执勤执法装备的配备、产品分类、标准化现状等方面进行分析,结合装备应用中存在的问题提出装备应用标准化及管理的对策建议,提升科技装备服务交通管理执勤执法工作的水平。     

卫生监督执法服务标准化的体系构建及实施

本文以石家庄市卫生监督执法服务标准化建设实践为例,分析了标准化体系的构建情况,简要介绍了以通用基础标准、保障标准和提供标准为三个子标准体系(包括142个标准)构建成的卫生监督执法服务标准体系和实践情况,为加快卫生监督执法服务标准化进程提供思路与借鉴。     

山东省道路交通事故标准体系研究初探

道路交通事故标准化建设作为一项涉及统一执法思想、完善执法制度、规范执法行为、强化执法监督等内容的系统工程,这一新兴的警务理论符合交警工作科学发展的规律性要求,可以成为交警部门执法规范化建设的重要载体和有力支撑,对促进交警工作的健康可持续发展具有重要意义。本文通过分析山东省道路交通事故发展现状及道路交通事故标准化存在的问题,结合山东省的人、车、道路、经济、管理以及交通法规等诸多交通因素的实际情况,构建了山东省道路交通事故标准体系基本框架。     

中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于深化公安执法规范化建设的意见》

正构建完备的执法制度体系、规范的执法办案体系、系统的执法管理体系、实战的执法培训体系、有力的执法保障体系,实现执法队伍专业化、执法行为标准化、执法管理系统化、执法流程信息化,保障执法质量和执法公信力不断提高,全面建设法治公安,努力让人民群众在每一项执法活动、每一起案件办理中都能感受到社会公平正义。     

海洋执法监察标准化工作现状和发展展望

海洋执法监察工作是实现海洋综合管理的保证。标准化为实现海洋执法监察工作规范化和有效性提供了技术支撑。本文阐述了标准化在海洋执法监察工作中的作用,在分析标准化工作现状的基础上提出了发展和措施建议。     

让权力在阳光下运行——南通公安机关执法管理标准化试点建设

正南通市公安局坚持以提高执法公信力为根本目标、以标准化为根本抓手、以维护公平正义为根本追求,执法规范化建设从探索创新到示范引领、再到巩固提升,走出了一条内涵式提升的发展道路,实现了职业警队、标准体系、执法管理、运行机制"四个"升级优化的目标。     

贡监部门“人性化执法”初探

在和谐社会的环境下,质监部门的行政执法应当贯彻“人性化执法”理念,在严格执法、依法行政的前提下,尊重并维护当事人合法权益,既做到刚性执法,又体现柔性执法,妥善处理好“执法与服务、监督与服务、管理与服务”的关系。本文主要通过基层质监局行政执法工作实际,探讨质监部门如何搞好“人性化执法”工作。     

海洋环境保护标准化现状及对策

标准作为海洋环境保护工作的执法工具和技术支撑,是海洋环境保护工作的重要组成部分.本文对目前海洋环境保护标准化现状及存在问题进行分析讨论,并对未来海洋环境保护标准化工作提出了几点建议和对策.     

Can road traffic law enforcement permanently reduce the number of accidents?

In this paper it is argued that conventional analyses of road user adaptation to traffic law enforcement, based on parametric rational-choice theory, are flawed. Such analyses only consider road-user actions as a response to enforcement level and penalty size and do not simultaneously consider enforcement as a response to road-user behaviour. If each party is considered a rational agent who adapts to the other's behaviour, the proper way to analyze the outcomes is by the way of game theory. A game-theoretic model is presented and the main implications are: (i) most attempts at enforcing road traffic legislation will not have any lasting effects, either on road-user behaviour or on accidents; (ii) imposing stricter penalties (in the form of higher fines or longer prison sentences) will not affect road-user behaviour; (iii) imposing stricter penalties will reduce the level of enforcement; (iv) implementing automatic traffic surveillance techniques and/or allocating enforcement resources according to a chance mechanism, and not according to police estimates of violation probability, can make enforcement effects last, but both alternatives are difficult to implement. Relevant empirical studies are reviewed, and they seem to support the conclusions arrived at by the game-theoretic model.     

野生动植物物种鉴定的标准化研究

野生动植物是自然环境中的重要组成部分。加强野生动植物资源保护是生态文明建设中的重要一环。在野生动植物的保护执法活动中,目前最基础也最急迫的工作是野生动植物的鉴定工作。它对案件的定性起着至关重要的作用。由于专门从事野生动植物鉴定的机构刚刚处于起步阶段,各鉴定机构的鉴定方法和规范各行其是。笔者从建设法治国家的需要、指导野生动植物保护执法机关的取证工作,规范全国野生动植物鉴定机构的鉴定工作等方面阐述了野生动植物物种鉴定标准化的必要性。并提出野生动植物物种鉴定标准化应包含制定野生动植物鉴定的实验室标准、制定野生动植物鉴定的方法标准、制定野生动植物的取样和送检标准,制定野生动植物鉴定质量控制规范四个方面。     

Traffic safety and the switch to a primary seat belt law: the California experience

This study explores whether the change of an existing seat belt law from secondary to primary enforcement enhances traffic safety. In particular, we examine traffic fatalities and injuries in California from 1988 to 1997. During the first half of this period, California law provided for secondary enforcement of its mandatory seat belt law, but in 1993 it upgraded the law to primary enforcement. Controlling for the number of motor vehicle collisions, a Box–Tiao intervention analysis of the time series is used to compare the monthly fatalities and injuries before and after the change in the enforcement provision. The results show that California experienced an improvement in traffic safety in terms of a significant reduction in injuries, but the change in enforcement provision had no statistically significant impact on fatalities.     

推进质监和谐执法初探

以人为本,构建和谐社会是党中央适应新形势提出的崭新执政理念。质监部门在行政执法过程中应全面贯彻这一执政理念。本文拟从以人为本与和谐执法的关系、和谐执法的定位以及推进质监和谐执法的思考三个方面对推进质监和谐执法进行探讨。     

交通运输强制性标准体系建设初探

强化强制性标准管理,整合精简强制性标准,构建国家强制性标准体系是国务院深化标准化工作改革方案明确提出的重要任务。交通运输强制性标准的有效实施在保障从业人员生命健康、运输服务安全和工程建设质量,以及促进行业节能减排、环境保护等方面发挥了不可替代的作用,但与新形势下的国家要求相比在标准技术水平、监督管理能力等方面还存在一定差距。本文总结了交通运输强制性标准现状与形势要求,介绍了交通运输强制性标准精简整合评估和体系框架构建工作初步成果,从明确标准范围、优化体系结构、梳理论证需求、推进重点标准制修订、加强实施应用与执法监管等五个方面提出了完善交通运输强制性标准体系的对策建议,以期为行业标准化管理部门加强强制性标准体系建设提供决策支撑。     

论质监执法中相对人违法行为数问题

本文立足于行政法理论和质监执法实际，提出“违法行为数问题”这个定义；举例论述质监执法中遇到的各类不同“违法行为数”的概念和特征、构成要件、处理等；建议立法完善“违法行为数问题”的定义、处断原则及执法主体重合问题等。     

The influence of safety belt laws on self- reported safety belt use in the United States

We assessed rates and trends in safety belt use by presence and type of safety belt law using data from states participating in the 1984–1989 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. State(s) with a safety belt law allowing law enforcement officers to stop vehicles for occupants' failure to use safety belts (primary enforcement law) had greater and more rapid increases in safety belt use rates than did states with laws requiring that vehicles must first be stopped for some other violation before a citation or fine for occupants' failure to use safety belts could be imposed (secondary enforcement law). Larger and sustained increases in safety belt use occurred when safety belt laws became effective or when fines were imposed for violations than when laws were first enacted. These data suggest that primary enforcement laws result in greater and more rapid increases in safety belt use than do secondary enforcement laws, and that initial increases in safety belt use following implementation of laws are sustained.     

The effect of changing from secondary to primary safety belt enforcement on police harassment

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether changing Michigan's safety belt law from secondary to primary (standard) enforcement resulted in police harassment. The study investigated safety-belt-enforcement-related harassment by considering three measures: citizen complaints arising from enforcement of the safety belt law; citation over-representation, that is, a statistical determination of whether certain groups received more citations than would be expected based upon their presence in the driving population and their rate of violating the safety belt use law; and self-reported harassment among the population of people who receive safety belt citations. Safety-belt-related harassment complaints were very uncommon both before and after primary enforcement. Implementation of primary enforcement did not lead to an increase in citation over-representation, and, therefore, safety-belt-related harassment by sex, race, or age. The vast majority of people receiving safety belt citations reported officer behavior as professional and did not feel that they were singled out for their citation. However, a sizeable minority of Blacks and young people report perceptions of safety-belt-related harassment. Results suggest that states with secondary enforcement should continue their efforts to change to primary enforcement, but should also make a strong effort to educate both law enforcement and the public about the harassment issue.