基于B/S模式的弹药失效诊断评估系统研究

为了提高通用弹药产品可靠性评估的效率,实现产品失效及可靠性的系统化辅助分析评估,对通用弹药产品的失效过程进行研究,总结出产品的一般失效分析过程、失效诊断方法及弹药失效分析数据字典.在辅助分析系统中,提供了失效分析、可靠性评估、FMECA等模块.应用Java、JSP等语言,在B/S模式下进行设计开发,实现了对产品失效的过程分析及产品可靠性评估.优化可靠性统计分析的数学模型,改进评估参量算法,使评估工作效率提高30%以上,参数精度达到小数点后8位.     

产品运输包装可靠性设计

要在运输过程中保护产品免受破坏,就需对产品进行缓冲包装设计,传统的包装设计方法具有明显的局限性.文中基于包装动力可靠性理论提出了一种新的运输包装设计方法,对运输包装可靠性设计的基本思想、设计流程、目标可靠性确定及可靠性校核等问题作了探讨,并从设计思想、流程等角度对新设计方法与传统设计方法进行比较,得出新设计方法设计出的缓冲包装能更好地保护产品.     

半导体设备的机械可靠性设计

在半导体设备中,对于机械零部件可靠性的设计主要目的在于使产品在研制与设计的过程中,充分利用相应的可靠性技术来使产品的固有特性得到有效地提高,既要保证产品性能指标和经济指标,还要保证产品的可靠性指标。本文从半导体设备中机械可靠性设计的工作原理入手,对其可靠性设计方法进行分析与阐述。     

制动力矩门限测试工艺问题及优化方法

该文选取某襟翼丝杠作动器进行研究,通过对襟翼丝杠作动器产品测试、调试制动门限过程的跟踪,排查、验证和统计分析影响制动门限值的相关因素。通过以上研究,该文能够获取产品制动的判断办法、制动门限值的测试方法及读取规则,对制动门限值量值小的产品有针对性地进行深入研究,以解决产品测试制动门限值波动大的难题。     

基于用户体验地图的产品创新设计方法研究与应用

目的在产品创新设计过程中,基于用户体验全阶段、全过程视角来分析用户与产品、环境之间的复杂交互体验过程,减少项目开发人员之间对用户需求确认点认知的不一致性,保证概念设计方案的可靠性,提出基于用户体验地图的产品创新设计方法。方法首先通过用户体验地图将复杂的交互体验过程进行可视化显示,分析用户行为路径,梳理用户接触点、目标和期望,量化用户体验满意度水平,定位和描述产品痛点,发掘产品创新设计机会点;然后结合层次分析法对获得的产品创新设计机会点进行结构化的具体分析,量化用户需求权重,确定优选排序结果,以此对产品创新设计方案进行指导。结论以电动外卖送餐车的创新设计开发为例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,为相关产品的创新设计过程提供了参考。     

不确定视角下产品结构性能优化设计综述与展望

目的 复杂产品在工程装备、航空航天等我国优先发展的战略领域中扮演着不可替代的重要角色,在其结构设计过程中普遍存在着各种不确定性,导致产品结构性能很难实现最优,甚至出现重大故障。方法 针对复杂产品设计过程中的多粒度模糊不确定、随机不确定、不完备区间不确定和高维混合不确定等特点,将不确定性理论与产品结构设计过程相结合,系统地构建了不确定视角下产品结构性能优化设计理论体系,提出了多粒度模糊不确定下产品质量特性精准提取、随机不确定下产品功能结构模块化求解、不完备区间不确定下产品结构方案多属性决策、高维混合不确定下产品关键结构可靠性优化等关键技术,并指出了产品结构性能优化设计的未来发展方向。结论 此设计理论能够充分适应和利用产品设计过程的多种不确定信息,为在结构设计环节切实提升产品性能提供了有力参考。     

浅谈汽车可靠性

可靠性工程是研究如何评价分析提高产品可靠性的工程技术。逐步形成了一门基础性的应用学科，属于系统工程的一个分支。可靠性工程的任务是确定产品的可靠性；研究产品的参数作随机变化时，其可靠度的变化规律及其分析。介绍了可靠性的意义、可靠性的有关概念以及可靠性的区分。     

如何通过设计提高钻探机械的可靠性

钻探机械的可靠性直接关系着产品的质量和使用性能,同时也关系着工程施工过程中操作人员的安全性,因此必须提高其使用可靠性。产品设计的好坏直接关系着产品的可靠性,因此必须提高产品设计质量。本文就钻探机械产品的传统设计和先进设计方法进行了探讨,为钻探机械产品的设计提供了参考依据。     

基于可靠性的复杂装备综合集成设计

为了获得低风险的复杂装备设计方案,提出了基于可靠性的综合集成设计。可靠性应在全寿命周期进行分析和量化,并在设计过程中采取措施确保产品在使用环境中其性能具有适当裕量;在综合集成设计过程中重要的问题是要在产品的先进性、可靠性、稳健性之间找到平衡的优化设计,它是在设计过程中逐步孕育而产生的,不是事后分析和评估出来的。由于常常是在信息不完备条件下进行产品设计与决策,在传统依赖于试验结果和部分数值模拟的决策方法基础上引入不确定性与裕度的量化的概念,以提供一种有效性评估的工程分析方法。实践表明,这种设计方法具有广泛的工程应用前景。     

箱装电子仪器安全跌落冲击数值模拟方法研究

为正确评估跌落冲击对箱装电子仪器可靠性的影响,确定了合理的包装参数和设计流程,科学指导运输与试验,分别采用理论分析和有限元计算方法对箱装电子仪器垂直跌落的情况进行了仿真,得到了垂直跌落条件下电子仪器最大加速度和最大位移随跌落高度与缓冲垫弹性模量变化的规律。结合产品脆值,确定了产品储运过程中的最大堆垛高度,并得到了合理的包装设计流程,从而为有效指导产品包装设计、实体试验和储运安全提供了理论依据。     

Robust Parameter Designs in Computer Experiments Using Stochastic Approximation

Robust parameter designs are widely used to produce products/processes that perform consistently well across various conditions known as noise factors. Recently, the robust parameter design method is implemented in computer experiments. The structure of conventional product array design becomes unsuitable due to its extensive number of runs and the polynomial modeling. In this article, we propose a new framework robust parameter design via stochastic approximation (RPD-SA) to efficiently optimize the robust parameter design criteria. It can be applied to general robust parameter design problems, but is particularly powerful in the context of computer experiments. It has the following four advantages: (1) fast convergence to the optimal product setting with fewer number of function evaluations; (2) incorporation of high-order effects of both design and noise factors; (3) adaptation to constrained irregular region of operability; (4) no requirement of statistical analysis phase. In the numerical studies, we compare RPD-SA to the Monte Carlo sampling with Newton–Raphson-type optimization. An “Airfoil” example is used to compare the performance of RPD-SA, conventional product array designs, and space-filling designs with the Gaussian process. The studies show that RPD-SA has preferable performance in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and reliability.     

The use of taguchi methods in performance demonstrations

The use of Taguchi methods for parameter design and tolerance design is well established. This paper describes a new application to qualification trials or type approval tests. The essential difference from the accepted use is that the purpose is to demonstrate performance when a product is subjected to internal or external noise. With a tolerance trial the aim is to find which sources of noise can be cost-effectively controlled. Two case-study examples are presented which show the value of the technique. The first shows how the measurements are used to provide one of the published performance specifications for a digital electronic product. The second reveals how an interaction between three environmental parameters took an analogue electronic product out of specification. There is a discussion on the suitability of the technique for software testing and for reliability demonstrations. This includes comments on which arrays are most appropriate for which situation.     

基于价值工程的产品优化设计研究

目的 弥补目前价值工程应用到产品优化设计中时,只考虑减少成本,忽视改善质量的局限。方法 运用价值工程的对象选择原则和方法,对预期寿命周期高,已经在市场上销售一段时间的产品进行价值分析,提出初步的设计方向,再通过对某一批次的产品维修记录的统计分析,引入产品功能可靠度的概念,对价值工程提出的设计方向进行修正。结果 将功能可靠度与价值工程的分析相结合,有效弥补传统价值工程指导产品优化设计时,只关注成本而忽视质量的缺点。结论 通过实例进行验证,最终结果表明,功能可靠度与价值工程相结合提出的优化设计方案,在改善产品质量的同时,也有效降低了成本。     

Adaptive surrogate model coupled with stochastic configuration network strategies for time-dependent reliability assessment

Time-dependent reliability assessment is crucial in enhancing product development economics and product performance sustainability throughout the lifecycle. It is still a challenge to accurately and efficiently evaluate the time-dependent reliability of engineering systems. This paper proposes a novel adaptive surrogate model method combining stochastic configuration network (SCN) and Kriging strategies to evaluate time-dependent reliability. SCN has accurate approximation ability and learning efficiency for strongly nonlinear systems that can overcome the conventional time-dependent reliability calculation, which is time-consuming and characterized by low accuracy. The proposed method first applies SCN to establish the response model of the performance function with respect to time and obtain the extreme value of the performance function. Then, Kriging is used to establish the extreme value model of the performance function with respect to the random variables based on the extreme value of performance function. The adaptive process considering the characteristics of random variables samples is adopted to update the extreme value model until the model meets the confidence target. Lastly, Monte Carlo simulation is employed for time-dependent reliability assessment based on the established extreme value model. Three example studies are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for time-dependent reliability assessment.     

An information fusion reliability allocation method considering limited sample size circumstances

As an essential part in product reliability design procedure, reliability allocation can connect the reliability index between the overall product and its multiple subsystems. To obtain a reasonable reliability allocation scheme, especially for limited sample size circumstances commonly encountered in aeronautic and astronautic fields, an information fusion allocation method is constructed in the current study. Grey relational analysis (GRA) is incorporated to analyze objective data, while analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is introduced to implement subjective data analysis. Then a final allocation scheme is derived by fusion of the binary information sources. A real application regarding an aeronautic product reliability allocation is given. The sensitivity of allocation result to limited life information circumstances and comparative analysis with reference methods are implemented to demonstrate the reasonability and effectiveness.     

盾构螺旋输送机适应性设计智能决策

螺旋输送机作为土压平衡式盾构的重要功能部件之一,常常需要进行设计调整以满足新的工程需求.但是,设计调整容易导致产品指标发生过量变动,进而对产品的可靠性、安全性和可维护性等产生负面影响.为最大化重用已有的、经过工程验证的设计方案,降低设计调整的负面影响,提出了一种盾构螺旋输送机适应性设计智能决策方法.首先,收集盾构螺旋输...     

Robust parameter design optimization for type‐I right censored data

Robust parameter design (RPD) aims to build product quality in the early design phase of product development by optimizing operating conditions of process parameters. A vast majority of the current RPD studies are based on an uncensored random sample from a process distribution. In reality, censoring schemes are widely implemented in lifetime testing, survival analysis, and reliability studies in which the value of a measurement is only partially known. However, there has been little work on the development of RPD when censored data are under study. To fill in the research gaps given practical needs, this paper proposes response surface–based RPD models that focus on survival times and hazard rate. Primary tools used in this paper include the Kaplan‐Meier estimator, Greenwood's formula, the Cox proportional hazards regression method, and a nonlinear programming method. The experimental modeling and optimization procedures are demonstrated through a numerical example. Various response surface–based RPD optimization models are proposed, and their RPD solutions are compared.     

汽车离合器IPPD方法研究

汽车离合器是汽车传动系统的重要起步元件。其传统的设计方法没有在整个产品开发过程中将性能要求、产品特性、工艺过程及过程能力有机地融合,没有考虑离合器产品参数合理的公差范围以及生命周期内尺寸的变化,因此很难满足大规模生产的离合器转矩传递能力和踏板操纵特性的要求。通过建立基于功能—产品特性—工艺及过程能力的汽车离合器IPPD （integrated product and process design,集成产品工艺设计）方法,分析离合器产品特性及工艺参数公差对转矩传递能力和踏板操纵特性的影响,提出了建立精确的传动系统动力学模型的方法,给出了转矩传递能力和踏板操纵特性与产品特性及工艺参数公差的映射关系;在满足可制造性和可装配性的设计要求下,建立了产品特性与工艺过程及参数变化的循环映射关系,采用基于过程能力的稳健公差设计方法进行工艺方案和工艺参数优化。采用所提出的离合器IPPD方法可以更好地使产品满足性能要求,从而为提高离合器设计精度和可靠性提供支撑,为开展离合器的智能设计建立基础。     

Lifetime cost optimization with time-dependent reliability

Product lifetime cost is largely determined by product lifetime reliability. In product design, the former is minimized while the latter is treated as a constraint and is usually estimated by statistical means. In this work, a new lifetime cost optimization model is developed where the product lifetime reliability is predicted with computational models derived from physical principles. With the physics-based reliability method, the state of a system is indicated by computational models, and the time-dependent system reliability is then predicted for a given set of distributions and stochastic processes in the model input. A sampling approach to extreme value distributions of input stochastic processes is employed to make the system reliability analysis efficient and accurate. The physics-based reliability analysis is integrated with the lifetime cost model. The integration enables the minimal lifetime costs including those of maintenance and warranty. Two design examples are used to demonstrate the proposed model.     

产品设计过程中的可靠性增长研究

针对产品设计过程中的可靠性增长问题,提出把整个产品系统分为大样本子系统和小样本子系统,对于不同的子系统采用不同的可靠性增长方案和可靠性增长数学分析模型,充分挖掘所有的直接或问接数据信息,并利用到产品设计过程;建立产品的可靠性增长分析数据库系统,保存产品在设计过程中的数据,辅助同类产品设计．