真空自耗炉无缝大口径紫铜结晶器

由上海有色合金铸造一厂、上海第五钢铁厂、北京有色金属研究总院共同研制的“真空自耗炉无缝大口径紫铜结晶器”去年通过了部级技术鉴定,最近获得上海市一九八六年度重大科技进步三等奖。     

新型高炉风口的开发

针对常用的紫铜风口耐磨性差,使用寿命较短,开发了一种新型的复合风口制造技术,即在风口工作部位,通过爆炸焊接技术复合耐磨合金层。工业应用表明,复合风口使用寿命明显延长,使用安全可靠,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

稀土在有色金属与合金中的应用

稀土加入镁合金或铝合金(一般含量1.5～5.0％)可提高室温与高温机械性能。纯铝中加入2％左右稀土可使硬度提高一倍。在青铜和黄铜中加入微量稀土可提高材料的强度、加工性能、耐热性和导电性。紫铜中加入微量稀土混合金属可以脱氧除气,使合金晶粒变细。南京工学院材料系最新研究表明,在铝及其合金中加入适量稀土,具有净化、去除杂质     

钢窗焊接用新型电极材料

闪光焊机和电热铆接机的电极,在钢窗焊接过程中,主要是对被焊工件传导电流及传递压力。电极在工作过程中,始终处在高温受挤压的状态。若电极材料的导电、强度,耐热等性能较差,电极与工件接触部位很易出现翻边或磨损,既降低了电极的寿命,又影响到钢门,钢窗的尺寸精度。目前国内多数厂家所用的电极,仍以紫铜为主。尽管紫铜具有较高的导电性能,但强度、硬度及耐热性较差(软化温度150℃)。电极的消耗大,既增加成本,又降低了产量和质量。我所研制了Jcz—G1铜基高强度,高导电合金的物理性能,除导电率外,其它各项指标均远远超过紫铜。也比仿苏牌号МЦ_4(铬铝镁铜合金)为好。经过南京,湖北等省内外钢窗厂一年多的试用,证实该合金用在闪光电阻焊机和电热铆接机上是较为理想的。木文介绍了本研制的工艺流程,产品特性和使用效果。     

钢窗焊接用新型电极材料

闪光焊机和电热铆接机的电极,在钢窗焊接过程中,主要是对被焊工件传导电流及传递压力。电极在工作过程中,始终处在高温受挤压的状态。若电极材料的导电、强度、耐热等性能较差,电极与工件接触部位很容易出现翻边或磨损,既降低了电极的寿命,又影响到钢门、钢窗的尺寸精度。目前国内多数厂家所用的电极,仍以紫铜为主。尽管紫铜具有较高的导电性能,但强度、硬度及耐热性较差(软化温度150℃)。电极的消耗大,既增加成本,又降低了产量和质量。我所研制Jcz—G_1铜基高强度、高导电合金的物理性能,除导电率外,其它各项指标均远远超过紫铜。也比仿苏牌号M(铬铝镁铜合金)为好。经过南京、湖北等省内外钢窗厂一年多的试用,证实该合金用在闪光电阻焊机和电热铆接机上是较为理想的。本文介绍了本研制的工艺流程,产品特性和使用效果。     

超薄水箱带的研制

试验研究表明,在紫铜中加入适量微量元素Sn、Cr、Te、P开发出的高铜合金AG1、AG2是加工超薄水箱带的理想材料.AG1、AG2合金成品带材的抗拉强度＞390 MPa,抗软化温度＞400℃,电导率＞85%IAPS,硬度(HV)118～131,能很好地满足用户要求.     

多功能真空烧结炉

本文提出了采用钼合金连接石墨发热体和水冷紫铜电极及封闭式碳毡纤维材料的保温方法,配合捕腊器、多管道快速冷却等装置,减少了烧结工序的许多环节,使原烧结炉温差大、能耗高的问题大大改善。是提高粉末冶金制品产量、质量和节约能耗的理想设备。     

紫铜管的火焰钎焊工艺

紫铜的焊接性分析表明紫铜熔焊时易产生裂纹、未焊透和气孔等问题,而紫铜钎焊可避免这些问题的产生,进而介绍紫铜管的火焰钎焊工艺。     

磷脱氧铜TP2圆锭熔铸工艺研究

通过用紫铜内套结晶器和石墨内衬结晶器试制生产磷脱氧铜TP2Φ150mm铸锭熔铸工艺的研究,有效地解决了该合金半连续浇铸中铸锭产生的内部裂纹等缺陷,并总结出了用石墨内衬结晶器生产磷脱氧铜TP2Φ150mm铸锭熔铸工艺,完全符合生产高品质圆铸锭的需求。     

特紫铜用作黄铜原料的使用配比

为了节约资源、降低成本,我国铜加工企业必须走综合利用再生铜的循环经济道路.通过对黄铜熔炼中特紫铜使用比例的研究,结合质量控制,提出了特紫铜用作黄铜原料,其使用配比的初步结论,即单相黄铜熔炼时,随其含Zn量的增加,特紫铜配比要减少;双相黄铜熔炼时,随其含Zn量的增加,特紫铜配比可增多.并推算出了特紫铜使用配比的参考值.     

温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原影响

对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原进行了研究。结果表明,1100℃以下时,提高温度可以显著提高球团金属化率;1100℃以上时,继续提高温度对球团金属化率影响不大。球团金属化率越高,磁选精矿铁品位越高。还原温度不仅显著影响球团的金属化率,还影响金属铁相的长大及磁选效果。因此,控制适宜的温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原至关重要。     

Specific features of obtaining molybdenum-nickel coatings on diamonds

Conclusions Formation of the molybdenum-nickel coatings is determined mainly by the reactions occurring between carbon and molybdenum oxides developed during the reduction process of nickel oxide in the presence of molybdenum. In contrast to the metallizing process of diamonds in the oxidized molybdenum powder, metallizing in a NiO + Mo mixture is distinguished by the fact that all other things being equal, a continuous thick layer forms earlier and the active process of its weight increment continues for a longer time. This can be attributed to the catalytic effect of active (reduced) nickel on the reactions of reduction and carbide formation. Reduction reactions of molybdenum in the presence of active carbon (forming due to the dissociation of CO at the surface of the finely dispersed nickel) are assumed to occur. They are expected to contribute to the weight increment of the coating. During the stage of oxygen loss in the metallizing agent ( > 2 h), this becomes the main process and is determined mainly by the carbide composition of the external layers of the coating.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 6(354), pp. 23–28, June, 1992.     

石英的热发光特征在金矿勘查与评价中的某些应用

本文以实际资料出发，探讨了石英热发光特征在解决矿床成因、划分成矿阶段、地质体含矿性评价及矿脉成矿远景研究等方面的实际应用。     

吉林省南部老岭地区金矿床成矿地质条件分析及成矿预测

通过对老岭地区金矿床成矿地质条件分析，提出韧性剪切带控制金矿床，韧性剪切带内后期叠加的脆性断裂控制金矿体分布，印支期Ⅰ型花岗岩为成矿热液的形成和流动循环提供热能，珍珠门组上段厚层块状、角砾状、压碎状白云石大理岩提供成矿物质来源。据此提出珍珠门组与花山组接触带是该区具极好找矿前景的金矿带。     

Contact interaction and the wetting of graphite and diamond by melts of the Cu−Sn−Ni−Ti system

Contact interaction and wetting have been examined for graphite and diamond acted on by melts of the system Cu?Sn?Ni?Ti, the independent variables being the nickel and titanium contents. There is an optimal composition for the alloy that provides good wetting. It has been used in a technique for metallizing and brazing diamond powders and crystals.     

玲珑金矿田双顶矿段地质特征及金的富集规律

阐述了玲珑矿田地质及矿床地质特征,重点对成矿阶段,多金属硫化物、关系进行了论述,从而得出了双顶矿段金的富集规律,为找矿勘探提供了方向。     

Formation of chromium coatings alloyed with nickel on diamond

The methods of x-ray phase analysis are used to study the composition of chromium — nickel coatings and metallizing mixtures (metal spraying compositions) as a function of the annealing conditions. The thickness of the coatings is calculated from the weight gain by diamond. It is shown that coatings are formed mainly by the transfer of chromium and nickel through the gas phase to the reaction surface (diamond or the outer surface of the coatings) and diffusion of carbon from the diamond (into the coating) which determines the phase composition of the coating: Cr₃C₂, Cr, Cr₇C₃, and Ni. Nickel appears in the metal spraying compositions because of the reduction of NiO by the carbon of chromium and carbon monoxide. The formation of the phases in the metal spraying compositions, which block the intensity of evaporation of chromium (due to NiO restoration with chromium) and of Ni(Cr) (due to the dissolution of chromium in nickel), is the factor that limits the growth of the coating. This is the main reason for the decrease in the thickness of the coating when nickel monoxide is added to the chromium metallizing mixture.Institute of Materials Science Problems, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev. Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 1 (361), pp. 47–51, January, 1993.     

带钢生产新工艺

介绍了４种带钢生产的新工艺,即薄板连铸连轧工艺、薄带连铸工艺、连铸冷轧工艺、金属喷镀工艺,对带钢生产工艺的选择及采用有借鉴意义。     

四川嘎拉金矿床控矿条件及成因分析

嘎拉金矿床位于四川甘孜县嘎拉乡,金矿体均产在凝灰岩体内NW向、SN向和EW向绢云母化、含铁白云石化强劈理化带中,成矿阶段划分为喷流成矿期、构造-热液成矿期和表生期,硫、氢氧、铅同位素分析表明,金属物质主要来自火山岩。     

Characterization of Metallized Alumina Ceramics

The metallization of alumina ceramics (92 pct purity) was performed by the molybdenum-manganese (Mo−Mn) process in moist hydrogen and nitrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 1523 K to 1673 K (1250 °C to 1400 °C) for 10 minutes with a dew point of 293 K (20 °C). The metallized alumina ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), evaluation of metallic coating adhesion by scratch test, and nanohardness measurement. XRD identified the phase composition of the metallized layer surface. The surface and cross-section microstructures of the metallized alumina ceramic specimens were observed by SEM. An EDX analysis across the metallized alumina specimens determined the elemental compositions at the selective regions. The scratch test results showed that the adhesion of the metallized layer on alumina ceramics enhanced with the increase in metallization temperature. Nanohardness measurements along the cross-sectional region of the metallized alumina ceramics exhibited the gradual change in the nanohardness values from the alumina substrate to the metallizing layer. Furthermore, it was observed that the nanohardness of interfacial and metallizing regions was enhanced slightly with increasing processing temperature.