底吹中间包两相流体流动及夹杂物传输行为的模拟研究

采用数值模拟手段,结合水模型实验,研究了中间包底部吹气过程对中间包内流场及夹杂物传输行为的影响。结果表明,在吹气条件下中间包采用挡墙控制有利于改善中间包流场,促进夹杂物上浮。在实验条件下双板多孔挡墙控制去除夹杂物效果优于堰－挡墙控制形式。     

三流中间包中控流装置的冶金行为

中间包是连铸机中一个重要的冶金反应器,中间包内钢液流动行为直接影响着连铸坯的质量。因此,十分有必要利用水力学模型研究湍流控制器和多孔挡墙对三流中间包内流体流动的影响。研究结果表明,湍流控制器有助于提高活塞区体积分率,但是增大了死区体积分率;湍流控制器和多孔挡墙可以提高活塞区体积分率,同时减小死区体积分率;中间包内不安装控流装置或仅安装湍流控制器,中间包RTD曲线形状为细长型;而在中间包内安装湍流控制器和多孔挡墙后,中间包RTD曲线形状为矮胖型。     

基于RTD曲线优化八流中间包控流装置的研究

控流装置对钢液流动特性的影响较大,采用物理模拟结合数值模拟的方法对某钢厂八流中间包进行了挡墙优化,分析了不同挡墙方案中间包的RTD曲线并进行相关计算,根据计算结果选取较优方案。水模型实验和数值模拟结果表明,原型中间包加入控流装置后流场趋于合理,钢液的停留时间比较一致。其中,V-2方案的死区体积分数小,各流一致性好,有利于均匀钢液的成分和温度,促进夹杂物上浮,综合效果好。     

八流中间包控流装置数值模拟研究

基于某钢厂八流中间包的挡墙设计方案进行了数值模拟研究,通过分析不同方案中间包内钢液的流动情况、温度分布和RTD曲线获得较优方案。结果表明,原型中间包加入控流装置后流场趋于合理,包内钢液温度分布均匀,方案2死区体积分数小,活塞区体积分数较大,综合效果好。     

八流中间包控流装置优化水模实验

通过几何相似比为1:4.5的中间包水模实验对八流中间包在不同控流装置下的流场特性进行了模拟研究。结果表明:原型中间包内不同水口之间的流体流动特性存在很大差异,且死区比例较高;V型挡墙和C型挡墙优化方案均有效改善了中间包内流场,其中,V型挡墙优化方案优化效果最佳,使中间包死区比例由原来的29.7%降低为13.7%。     

两流中间包流场模拟分析

以两流中间包为研究对象,利用中间包内的挡墙侧边垂直开槽方法,使钢水沿中间包墙侧向流动,改变中间包内钢液流动方向。中间包内的钢液水平旋转后,可延长钢液在中间包内的停留时间,有利于钢液中非金属杂质的上浮,同时使得钢液的流动方向与重力引起的势流方向相反,抵消了涡流的巨大吸力,减少了非金属夹杂物的吸入,确保后序工艺的钢水的纯净度。     

两流非对称中间包不同湍流控制器流场的物理模拟研究

通过水模型实验和数值模拟,研究了不同控流装置下两流非对称中间包内流体流动特性.结果表明:圆形湍流控制器与单挡墙组成的控流装置中间包液面波动大,容易发生卷渣现象;非对称长方形湍流控制器和高低挡墙组成控流装置的中间包,两流之间的平均停留时间差异是圆形湍流控制器和单挡墙组成控流装置中间包的1/3,且近长水口侧出口的平均停留时...     

宽调节比燃烧器空气动力场的数值模拟

本文运行ｋ－ε模型对ＷＲ燃烧器空气动力场进行了数值计算,得到了流场中的轴向速度、湍动能以及湍能耗散率分布,分析比较了ＷＲ燃烧器与常规燃烧器的不同,利用计算结果分析了ＷＲ燃烧器中的位置及边宽对流场结构的影响。     

四流方坯连铸机中间包控流装置的研究

采用商业软件进行数值模拟和水模实验,考察了不同控流装置对南钢四流大方坯连铸机梯形中间包内钢液流动特性的影响,确定出湍流控制器+导流墙+坝的最佳控流方式.结果表明,原型中间包存在较大的死区,且各流间的流动特性差异较大,尤其是近水口的2流、3流存在明显短路流,不仅造成包内钢液温度分布不均匀,也不利于夹杂物的上浮,影响铸坯洁净度.采用优化后的组合控流装置能够显著改善中间包内钢水的流动状态,使钢液在各流间合理分配,并延长了钢水的平均停留时间,提高活塞流体积分率,降低死区体积分率,均衡了各流间的温度分布,有利于促进铸机生产顺行和铸坯质量的提高.     

中间包两相流场的数值模拟和操作优化

为了提高20#碳钢连铸管坯的产品质量，通过对气泡和非金属夹渣的形成机理以及对中间包内钢水流场数值模拟的研究分析，发现中间包的结构与操作对20#钢连铸坯的生产质量具有较大影响，因此，对中间包的结构与操作进行了优化研究，研究结果显示：(1)通过对中间包的结构优化提高了中间包的钢水液面高度，增加了钢水在中间包内的滞留时间，有利于夹杂物和气泡的消除，从而提高了钢水的均匀性；(2)改进钢水流入、流出中间包的操作，能避免钢流与空气的直接接触，减少钢水的二次氧化；(3)连铸钢水过热度的严格控制，有利于减少钢水的二次氧化和对包衬耐火材料的浸蚀，从而起到降低铸坯中非金属夹渣物的效果。采取这些措施后，2#钢连铸坯的质量取得了显著提高，设备寿命明显延长。     

三流中间包钢液流动行为的数学物理模拟

通过数学物理模拟方法研究了三流中间包在不同控流装置下的流体流动特性,并采用平均停留时间作为特征参数对多流中间包流体流动性进行评价.数值模拟结果表明：设置多孔挡墙后,中间包流体流动特征为流体通过多次循环流动到达导向孔,而后通过多次循环流动到达中间包出口.水模型实验表明：设置多孔挡墙后,三流的平均停留时间的平均值由305 s增加到573 s,增加了87.9％;而三流的平均停留时间的最大差异则由15.1％下降到11.3％.     

Turbulent mixing of a passive scalar in confined multiple jet flows of a micro combustor

The turbulent mixing characteristics of multiple jet flows in a micro can type combustor are investigated by means of large eddy simulation (LES). The micro combustor can be used for a micro gas turbine which is hybridized with solid oxide fuel cell. Attention is paid for a micro combustor having a circular disk baffle plate with a fuel injection nozzle in the center and oxidant injection holes allocated annularly. Downstream the baffle plate, a complex flow is produced from the interaction of multiple jet flows and study is made for three different configurations of the baffle plates resulting in different mixing pattern. From the results, it is substantiated that the turbulent mixing is promoted by complex flow fields caused by the jet flows and large vortical flow regions in the micro combustor. This is effective to accelerate the slow mixing between fuel and oxidant suffering from low Reynolds number in such a small combustor. In particular, the vortical flow region formed downstream the fuel jet core region plays an important role for rapid mixing coupled with another flow recirculation region. Discussion is made for the instantaneous and time and space averaged flow and passive scalar quantities which show peculiar turbulent flow and mixing characteristics corresponding to the different flow structures for each baffle plate shapes, respectively.     

四流连铸中间包内流体流动行为的物理模拟

以某企业四流T型中间包为研究对象,建立模型与原型相识比为0.25的物理模型,并通过物理模拟方法系统研究了导流隔墙上的导流孔结构及湍流控制器结构对中间包内流体流动行为的影响。实验结果表明:优化导流孔结构及改变湍流控制器后,流体平均停留时间增加,相对增加率为21.1%;死区体积分率减小,相对减小率为32.4%;一流和二流的流动一致性增强,两流平均停留时间标准差仅为3 s。     

A Numerical Study for Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Micro Combustor by Large Eddy Simulation

The characteristics of heat transfer in confined multiple jet flows of a micro can combustor is investigated by means of large eddy simulation (LES). The micro combustor can be employed for a hybrid system, which consists of a micro gas turbine and a solid oxide fuel cell. In the present study, the focus is brought into heat transfer, which has a great effect on combustion stability as heat loss to the outside of combustor. The study is made for the three cases of different baffle plate configurations with changing the velocity ratio between fuel and oxidant jets. Downstream of the baffle plate, the flow recirculation regions appear and they can affect the enhancement of the turbulent heat transfer to the wall. In particular, the near-wall flow recirculation region formed between the oxidant jet and the combustor wall plays an important role for wall heat transfer. We study the turbulent thermal fields and conjugate heat transfer which show peculiar characteristics corresponding to the three different baffle plate shapes and different velocity ratios.     

FTSC中间包控流装置的物理模拟

中间包内流体的流动状态对夹杂物的去除有重要的影响。依据相似原理,建立了一定相似比的薄板坯连铸中间包物理模型。比较了不同湍流控制器与堰坝组合,对中间包流体流动特征的影响,并尝试在中间包内采用坝上吹气的控流方式。结果表明:圆台型湍流控制器有效地限制了高速注流对包内流体的冲击,有利于稳定流体的流动状态。综合比较各项评价指标,坝上吹气方案的实验结果最佳。     

Calculation of turbulent flow and heat transfer in a porous-baffled channel

This study presents the numerical predictions on the turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for rectangular channel with porous baffles which are arranged on the bottom and top channel walls in a periodically staggered way. The turbulent governing equations are solved by a control volume-based finite difference method with power-law scheme and the k-ε turbulence model associated with wall function to describe the turbulent structure. The velocity and pressure terms of momentum equations are solved by SIMPLE (semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equation) method.The parameters studied include the entrance Reynolds number Re (1×10⁴-5×10⁴), the baffle height (h=10, 20 and 30 mm) and kind of baffles (solid and porous); whereas the baffle spacing S/H are fixed at 1.0 and the working medium is air. The numerical calculations of the flow field indicate that the flow patterns around the porous- and solid-type baffles are entirely different due to different transport phenomena and it significantly influences the local heat transfer coefficient distributions. Relative to the solid-type baffle channel, the porous-type baffle channel has a lower friction factor due to less channel blockage.Concerning the heat transfer effect, both the solid-type and porous-type baffles walls enhanced the heat transfer relative to the smooth channel. It is further found that at the higher baffle height, the level of heat transfer augmentation is nearly the same for the porous-type baffle, the only difference being the Reynolds number dependence. As expected, the centerline-averaged Nusselt number ratio increases with increasing the baffle height because of the flow acceleration.     

Effect of a swirling ladle shroud on fluid flow and mass transfer in a water model of a tundish

A swirling ladle shroud (SLS) is used to control flow turbulence and to improve flotation of inclusions in a two-strand tundish of a slab caster. To simulate the fluid flow in a swirling flow three turbulence models, k-ε, k-ω and RSM were employed. Using the mixing kinetics of a tracer as well as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) determinations it was found that among these three models the model of turbulence RSM predicts with acceptable agreement the velocity fields of swirling flows experimentally measured. The SLS decreases the turbulence of the entering jet and of the complete flow field when it is compared with a conventional ladle shroud. Kinetic energy of fluid is dissipated through recirculating flows in the transversal and horizontal planes of the tundish helping to the flotation of inclusions through buoyancy, drag and inertial forces. The SLS will become in a new generation of flow control devices in continuous casters of steel.