基于快速预测映射的H.264到AVS转码

对H.264和AVS标准进行了比较,在总结几种通用的模式和运动矢量复用方法基础上,提出一种更简单也略微提高效率的H.264到AVS的快速预测转码方案,可有效降低算法复杂度.实验证明,此转码方案可以在PSNR损失极少的前提下提高编码效率.     

DT1135B AVS+专业解码器在台州广电的应用与实践

1 AVS+的技术优势 AVS是我国具备自主知识产权的信源编码标准[1],包括系统、视频、音频、数字版权管理4个主要技术标准和一致性测试等支撑标准.AVS的主要创新在于提出了一批具体的优化技术,在较低的复杂度下实现了与国际标准相当的技术性能.AVS技术的优势包括:1)性能高,编码效率是MPEG-2的2倍以上,与H.26x的编码效率处于同一水平;2)复杂度低,算法复杂度比H.264明显低,解码器复杂度降低到70％,编码器复杂度降低到30％,软硬件实现成本也都低于H.26x;3)我国掌握主要知识产权,专利授权模式简单,费用低.     

H.264视频编码帧间与帧内预测模式算法的改进

H.264是目前应用最广泛的视频编码标准,相比于以前的标准,H.264在编码效率上得到了很大的提高.但是相应的计算复杂度也是成倍增加.在此提出一种改进的预测算法,通过时域相关性系数和空域相关性系数排除帧内预测或帧外预测的一些模式,初步减少编码复杂度,再针对分析结果利用已有的快速选择算法对帧内帧外预测模式的最优预测模式组进行预测,进一步加快编码速度.实验结果表明,改进的快速算法在不影响编码质量的同时能够有效地减少计算复杂度和提高编码速度.     

DVC转码技术研究

本文介绍了DVC(分布式视频编码)到传统视频转码的方案,该转码方案适用于移动终端设备之间的视频通信。着重讲述了DVC到H.264的转码,针对转码过程中复杂度高和时延长等问题,利用DVC解码端生成的运动矢量来减少H.264编码的工作量,在几乎不影响视频质量的前提下,极大地降低了转码的计算复杂度和时间,提高了转码效率。同时介绍了DVC转到其它传统视频的方法和方案,最后分析了DVC转码在当前移动视频通信市场中存在的巨大潜能,以及对转码技术的未来发展和方向进行了展望。     

一种基于H.264的转码VoD系统实现

给出了一种基于H.264视频转码点播系统的实现,并在此基础上提出了在压缩视频空域下采样的快速模式选择算法.它通过利用原始输入码流中的运动向量及编码模式信息来获取下采样后的相应编码信息.试验结果表明:该算法在获得与级联解码器-下采样-编码器几乎一致的视频质量情况下,大大地降低了计算复杂度.     

移动视频终端中H.264快速决策算法的研究及实现

MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-T H.264视频编码标准因其优异的编码效率和性能而被广泛采用,但其模式决策问题导致运动估计器运算复杂度非常大。本文提出一种适合在移动视频终端设备等计算能力有限的应用场合下进行H.264实时编码的快速模式决策算法的实现方法。该方法具有计算复杂度低和逻辑简单的特点。仿真结果证明,本方法在编码质量降低较小的情况下,能够减少80%以上的编码时间。     

基于H．264视频编码的关键技术及其复杂度测试

H.264标准是压缩率和图像质量方面的关键新技术,研究H.264通过时传统的帧内预测、帧间预测、变换编码和熵编码等算法的改进来进一步提高编码效率和图像质量,给出了基于C代码的宏块编码流程与复杂度测试.仿真结果证明H.264具有更高的压缩比,更好的IP和无线网络信道的适应性.H.264的高压缩率是以复杂度为代价,其复杂度是以耗时为依据的.     

H.264帧间模式快速判决

H.264标准采用率失真优化(RDO)技术提高了编码效率,但这是以较高的计算复杂度为代价的.提出一种快速模式判决算法,利用早期的SKIP模式判决以及运动代价来减少待选的模式.实验表明,该算法比起H.264标准显著提高了编码效率,而视频质量并没有太大的损失.     

AVS和H.264编解码性能的比较

从客观的统计误差计算和主观的视觉感知实验两个方面对AVS和H.264标准进行编码效率的比较,并从编码算法角度初步分析两种标准在相同视频序列条件下产生图像质量差异的原因.     

H.264中基于帧内编码的适应性帧内预测算法

H.264/AVC中宏块模式含有多个方向性预测模式,虽然可以借此提高帧内编码效率,但是也相应地增加了编码复杂度.针对这个问题,提出一种新的基于帧内编码的适应性算法(AIP),试图通过对不同方向预测模式的失真率分析,使用最可能模式(MPM)来取代原有的多个预测模式,从而降低编码复杂度并提高编码效率.通过实验验证,新算法可...     

Variable and constant bitrate in a DVC to H.264/AVC transcoder

Mobile-to-mobile video communications constitute one of the main research areas dealing with the dynamic adaptation of traffic generated by video sources. In a framework where one mobile device sends video information to another, both transmitter and receiver should employ video encoders and decoders with low complexity. In this paper, a Variable/Constant Bitrate DVC to H.264/AVC Transcoder is proposed which takes the advantage of both paradigms in terms of low-complexity algorithms on the end-user device side (DVC encoder and H.264/AVC decoder). The proposed transcoder is based on the hypothesis that common DVC GOPs can be converted to H.264/AVC GOPs without significant rate-distortion and bitrate losses, in a flexible way. An in-depth study of the different frame types available in DVC has been carried out in order to exploit the correlation between them and the most suitable GOP pattern in H.264/AVC. Moreover, a dynamic motion estimation technique is proposed in this paper for optimizing the search area for the motion vectors, with the purpose of being used in combination with the GOP mapping approach. Simulation results show that the proposed approaches reduce the DVC to H.264/AVC transcoder complexity by up to 60% on average, while maintaining the coding efficiency in CBR and VBR scenarios, achieving very high quality results over different types of metrics (both objective and subjective). Finally, we conduct a comparative study with all the most prominent DVC transcoding proposals available in the literature, showing that the proposed transcoder achieves the best results (in terms of PSNR and bitrate).     

General Architecture for MPEG-2/H.263/H.264/AVC to H.264/AVC Intra Frame Transcoding

The latest international video-coding standard H.264/AVC significantly achieves better coding performance compared to prior video coding standards such as MPEG-2 and H.263, which have been widely used in today’s digital video applications. To provide the interoperability between different coding standards, this paper proposes an efficient architecture for MPEG-2/H.263/H.264/AVC to H.264/AVC intra frame transcoding, using the original information such as discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients and coded mode type. Low-frequency components of DCT coefficients and a novel rate distortion cost function are used to select a set of candidate modes for rate distortion optimization (RDO) decision. For H.263 and H.264/AVC, a mode refinement scheme is utilized to eliminate unlikely modes before RDO mode decision, based on coded mode information. The experimental results, conducted on JM12.2 with fast C8MB mode decision, reveal that average 58%, 59% and 60% of computation (re-encoding) time can be saved for MPEG-2, H.263, H.264/AVC to H.264/AVC intra frame transcodings respectively, while preserving good coding performance when compared with complex cascaded pixel domain transcoding (CCPDT); or average 88% (a speed up factor of 8) when compared with CCPDT without considering fast C8MB. The proposed algorithm for H.264/AVC homogeneous transcoding is also compared to the simple cascaded pixel domain transcoding (with original mode reuse). The results of this comparison indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the mode reuse algorithm in coding performance, with only slightly higher computation.     

Fast block mode decision algorithm in H.264/AVC video coding

The recent video coding standard H.264/AVC show extremely higher coding efficiency compare to any other previous standards. H.264/AVC can achieve over 50% of bit rate saving with same quality using the rate–distortion process, but it brings high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can reduce the complexity of the codec by reducing the block mode decision process adaptively. Block mode decision process in H.264/AVC consists of inter mode decision process and intra mode decision process. We deal with reduction method for inter and intra mode decision. In this paper an efficient method is proposed to reduce the inter mode decision complexity using the direct prediction methods based on block correlation and adaptive rate distortion cost threshold for early stopping. The fast intra mode reduction algorithm based on inter mode information is also proposed to reduce the computational complexity. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve up to 63.34–77.39% speed up ratio with a little PSNR loss. Increment in bit requirement is also not much noticeable.     

Fast Interframe mode decision algorithm based on mode mapping and MB activity for MPEG-2 to H.264/AVC transcoding

Recently the latest video coding standard H.264/AVC is widely used for the mobile and low bitrate video codec in the various multimedia terminals. On the other hand, the MPEG-2 MP@HL codec has become the center of digital video contents since it is the standard codec for the Digital TV (DTV). To provide the bridge between the contents in MPEG-2 and mobile terminals, the transcoding of MPEG-2 contents into H.264/AVC format is an inevitable technology in the digital video market. The main bottleneck in the process lies in the computational complexity. In H.264/AVC, the variable block size (VBS) mode decision (MD) is used in the Interframe for the improved performance in the motion compensated prediction. For the macroblock (MB) which cannot be accurately predicted with one motion vector (MV), it is partitioned into smaller blocks and predicted with different MVs. In addition, SKIP and Intra modes are also permitted in the Interframe MD of H.264/AVC to further ameliorate the encoding performance. With the VBS MD technology, the Inter prediction accuracy can be improved significantly. However, the incidental side-effect is the high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a fast Interframe MD algorithm for MPEG-2 to H.264/AVC transcoding. The relationships between SKIP and Intra modes are detected at first to map these two kinds of modes directly from MPEG-2 to H.264/AVC. And then the MB activity will be scaled by the residual DCT energy obtained from the MPEG-2 decoding process to estimate the block sizes of the MB mode for H.264/AVC Interframe MD. In our proposed method, the original redundant candidate modes can be eliminated effectively, resulting in the reduction of the computational complexity. It can reduce about 85% Rate-to-Distortion Cost (RDCost) computing and 45% entire processing time compared with the well-known cascaded transcoder while maintaining the video quality.     

Video transcoding from H.264/AVC to MPEG-2 with reduced computational complexity

This paper addresses video transcoding from H.264/AVC into MPEG-2 with reduced complexity and high rate-distortion efficiency. While the overall concept is based on a cascaded decoder–encoder, the novel adaptation methods developed in this work have the advantage of providing very good performance in H.264/AVC to MPEG-2 transcoding. The proposed approach exploits the similarities between the coding tools used in both standards, with the objective of obtaining a computationally efficient transcoder without penalising the signal quality. Fast and efficient methods are devised for conversion of macroblock coding modes and translation of motion information in order to compute the MPEG-2 coding format with a reduced number of operations, by reusing the corresponding data embedded in the incoming H.264/AVC coded stream. In comparison with a cascaded decoder–encoder, the fast transcoder achieves computational complexity savings up to 60% with slightly better peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) at the same bitrate.     

H.264/AVC图标插入转码算法及软件实现

随着H.264/AVC视频编码标准逐步进入实际应用,在H.264/AVC转换编码过程中加入图标、字幕等应用具有广泛的需求。针对此需求,提供了一种快速的图标插入转换编码方案,采用无再损编码技术,高效地重用了输入码流中编码参数,提高转码效率。实验结果表明,该方案可高效、优质地实现了在标清H.264码流中的图标插入应用。     

An efficient complexity-scalable video transcoder with mode refinement

MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) has been recently approved and is rapidly being adopted for applications including HD-DVD and satellite broadcast. To facilitate inter connectivity between different applications using MPEG-4 AVC, transcoding will be a key factor. When requantizing a bitstream, the incoming coding decisions are usually kept unchanged in order to reduce complexity. However, this can have a major impact on the coding efficiency. This paper proposes a novel mode refinement algorithm for inter prediction when requantizing MPEG-4 AVC bitstreams. The proposed approach produces a quality comparable to a full search with only 10% of its complexity, by exploiting the statistical properties of the mode distribution to enable restricted motion vector refinement. Moreover, it enables a trade off between complexity and quality by adapting the algorithm to the computational resources available.     

Requantization transcoding for H.264/AVC video coding

In this paper, efficient solutions for requantization transcoding in H.264/AVC are presented. By requantizing residual coefficients in the bitstream, different error components can appear in the transcoded video stream. Firstly, a requantization error is present due to successive quantization in encoder and transcoder. In addition to the requantization error, the loss of information caused by coarser quantization will propagate due to dependencies in the bitstream. Because of the use of intra prediction and motion-compensated prediction in H.264/AVC, both spatial and temporal drift propagation arise in transcoded H.264/AVC video streams. The spatial drift in intra-predicted blocks results from mismatches in the surrounding prediction pixels as a consequence of requantization. In this paper, both spatial and temporal drift components are analyzed. As is shown, spatial drift has a determining impact on the visual quality of transcoded video streams in H.264/AVC. In particular, this type of drift results in serious distortion and disturbing artifacts in the transcoded video stream. In order to avoid the spatially propagating distortion, we introduce transcoding architectures based on spatial compensation techniques. By combining the individual temporal and spatial compensation approaches and applying different techniques based on the picture and/or macroblock type, overall architectures are obtained that provide a trade-off between computational complexity and rate-distortion performance. The complexity of the presented architectures is significantly reduced when compared to cascaded decoder–encoder solutions, which are typically used for H.264/AVC transcoding. The reduction in complexity is particularly large for the solution which uses spatial compensation only. When compared to traditional solutions without spatial compensation, both visual and objective quality results are highly improved.     

Improved mode decision algorithm based on residues and early zero block detection in H.264/AVC

Video compression standard H.264/AVC outperforms previous standards in terms of coding efficiency but at the cost of higher computational complexity. In H.264/AVC, the variable block size full motion estimation is the most time-consuming operation. This paper presents a method to reduce the complexity of motion estimation in two stages. The first stage exploits the similarities between frames for early SKIP mode decision for a macroblock (MB) based upon a criteria formulated on the basis of the statistics of the frame difference residues. MBs that fail to qualify for the SKIP mode in the first stage spills over to the second stage where mode decision depends upon the number of zero blocks (ZB) in the MB. The study of the full search motion estimation on different sequences show that there is a strong dependence between the number of ZBs in a MB and the likelihood of a particular mode being selected. The proposed algorithm utilizes this relationship for early mode decision for a MB. The algorithm is evaluated using a wide range of test sequences from different classes. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gives considerable saving in encoding time and search points in the range of 36–87%. Furthermore, despite the reduction in computational complexity, the coding efficiency (picture quality and bitrate) in the proposed method is comparable to the H.264/AVC standard software Joint Model (JM12.4).