环氧树脂增韧改性新技术

概述近年来国内外对环氧树脂增韧改性的研究情况，着重介绍了利用互穿网络聚合物(IPN)、热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)及纳米粒子等增韧改性环氧树脂的最新方法和研究进展，并对IPN、TLCP及纳米粒子的增韧方法、增韧机理作了介绍和讨论。     

无机纳米粒子增强增韧聚合物的研究进展

介绍了无机纳米粒子的增韧机理与表面改性，并叙述了无机纳米粒子用于增韧增强聚合物的进展。     

环氧树脂增韧改性技术研究进展

综述了环氧树脂的增韧改性技术，总结了环氧树脂的复合增韧机理。介绍对比了多种增韧技术的增韧机理、研究发展现状及优缺点，其中包括橡胶增韧、热塑性树脂增韧、有机硅改性、核壳聚合物增韧、刚性粒子增韧、纳米粒子增韧、膨胀型单体增韧、大分子固化剂增韧、热致液晶聚合物增韧、互穿聚合物网络增韧、树枝型分子增韧等。     

环氧树脂增韧改性新技术

概述近年来国内外对环氧树脂增韧改性的研究情况,着重介绍了利用互穿网络聚合物(IPN)、热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)及纳米粒子等增韧改性环氧树脂的最新方法和研究进展,并对IPN、TLCP及纳米粒子的增韧方法、增韧机理作了介绍和讨论。     

聚合物增韧机理的研究进展

总结了橡胶增韧塑料机理,讨论了橡胶粒子形态,结构等因素对增韧效果的影响。介绍了近年来出现的刚性有机填料（ＲＯＦ）增韧塑料的基本概念及冷拉机理。对无机刚性料子填充聚合物的增强及增韧与粒子的分散及界面的关系进行了讨论。     

纳米SiO_2在塑料中的应用

本文论述了纳米SiO2粒子增强增韧塑料的机理,纳米SiO2粒子改性聚合物的方法,复合材料的制备技术及其性能。并讨论了近年来纳米SiO2改性塑料的发展状况。     

纳米SiO2在塑料中的应用

本文论述了纳米SiO2粒子增强增韧塑料的机理,纳米SiO2粒子改性聚合物的方法,复合材料的制备技术及其性能.并讨论了近年来纳米SiO2改性塑料的发展状况.     

纳米SiO2在塑料中的应用

本文论述了纳米SiO2粒子增强增韧塑料的机理,纳米SiO2粒子改性聚合物的方法,复合材料的制备技术及其性能.并讨论了近年来纳米SiO2改性塑料的发展状况.     

环氧树脂增韧研究进展

介绍了弹性体、刚性粒子、无机纳米粒子、柔性链段固化剂、核壳结构聚合物及热致性液晶聚合物增韧改性环氧树脂的研究进展,阐述了各增韧剂的增韧机理及其改性环氧树脂的优缺点,最后对环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进行展望。     

环氧树脂增韧增强改性研究进展

综述了国内环氧树脂增韧增强改性的最新研究进展，详细介绍了纳米粒子、液体橡胶、热塑性树脂、原位聚合物、液晶聚合物、核壳聚合物、大分子固化剂和膨胀型单体增韧增强环氧树脂的一些重要研究现状。对它们的增韧增强环氧树脂的优缺点和机理进行了探讨。     

纳米银研究和应用新进展

包括化学还原法、光学还原法、电化学法、溶胶-凝胶法和真空蒸镀等。简述了纳米银在抗菌材料和催化剂等方面的应用，指出了纳米银的制备过程中存在的问题和发展方向。     

新型负载印楝素纳米粒子水分散液制备

[目的]发展一种环境友好和具有缓释性能的印楝素水分散制剂。[方法]以天然高分子壳聚糖(CS)和羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC)为载体,通过正负电荷的相互作用,制备了负载印楝素纳米粒子水分散液。表征了载药纳米粒子的性能如粒径、多分散指数(PDI)、Zeta电位值、负载率和形态结构,考察了几种影响性能的因素。[结果]负载印楝素的纳米粒子为球形,尺寸为200～350 nm,PDI约为0.500,药物负载率最高可达55%。[结论]CMC和CS合适的溶液质量浓度和用量是形成纳米子的基本条件。当其固定时,随印楝素质量浓度增加,载药粒子的粒径增大,PDI变宽,负载率降低。     

Alkylamine capped metal nanoparticle "inks" for printable SERS substrates, electronics and broadband photodetectors

We report a facile and general method for the preparation of alkylamine capped metal (Au and Ag) nanoparticle "ink" with high solubility. Using these metal nanoparticle "inks", we have demonstrated their applications for large scale fabrication of highly efficient surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates by a facile solution processing method. These SERS substrates can detect analytes down to a few nM. The flexible plastic SERS substrates have also been demonstrated. The annealing temperature dependent conductivity of the nanoparticle films indicated a transition temperature above which high conductivity was achieved. The transition temperature could be tailored to the plastic compatible temperatures by using proper alkylamine as the capping agent. The ultrafast electron relaxation studies of the nanoparticle films demonstrated that faster electron relaxation was observed at higher annealing temperatures due to stronger electronic coupling between the nanoparticles. The applications of these highly concentrated alkylamine capped metal nanoparticle inks for the printable electronics were demonstrated by printing the oleylamine capped gold nanoparticles ink as source and drain for the graphene field effect transistor. Furthermore, the broadband photoresponse properties of the Au and Ag nanoparticle films have been demonstrated by using visible and near-infrared lasers. These investigations demonstrate that these nanoparticle "inks" are promising for applications in printable SERS substrates, electronics, and broadband photoresponse devices.     

Study of viscoelastic properties of nanocomposites of SiO2–acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene

Nanocomposites of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) and nanosilica with different nanoparticle sizes and various loadings are prepared. Rheological experiments such as frequency sweep, strain sweep, and rotational test are performed to investigate the influence of nanoparticle loading and size on the viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposites. The results show that nanocomposites with higher filler loading and smaller particle size have both higher storage and loss moduli. Moreover, the results indicate that the storage modulus is more sensitive than loss modulus to filler loading and nanoparticle size. The smaller nanoparticles and higher filler loadings lead to the enhancement of nanoparticle surface area so that the viscoelastic properties are intensified through increase of polymer chain adsorption on nanoparticle, and creation of a network structure in the nanocomposites. The network structure causes changes to the rheological behavior of the nanocomposite such as solid‐like behavior in the low‐frequency region and reduction of the Newtonian region. The scanning electron microscopy micrographs revealed that the particle aggregates increase with particle size reduction and increasing nanoparticle content. We also used a nonlinear optimization to obtain the parameters of a multimode Maxwell model for low nanofiller content ABS/SiO₂ nanocomposites and found the relaxation times of the polymer chains increased with increasing nanoparticle content. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Organic-sulfur-zinc hybrid nanoparticle for optical applications synthesized via polycondensation of trithiol and Zn(OAc)2

Organic-sulfur-zinc hybrid materials were prepared via polycondensation of Zn(OAc)₂ and trithiols bearing various alkyl groups. A soluble nanoparticle could be obtained by the polycondensation using a trithiol bearing octadecyl moieties. The good dispersing ability as nano-scaled particles was confirmed by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy analyses. This hybrid nanoparticle was miscible with poly(methyl methacrylate) and served as a refractive additive to increase refractive indexes. The calculated refractive index value for the nanoparticle was 1.58.     

Preparation and characterization of magnetic nanofibers with iron oxide nanoparticles and poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Iron oxide nanoparticle/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanowebs were obtained by electrospinning. To achieve superparamagnetic properties, iron oxide nanoparticles with diameters below 25 nm were used. Diameter distribution of iron oxide nanoparticles was measured by a particle size analyzer. Iron oxide nanoparticles were added into 16 wt % PET solution in the ratio of 5, 10, and 15 wt % to PET. The morphology of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs was observed using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanofiber diameter increased as increasing iron oxide nanoparticle concentration. The superparamagnetic behavior of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanofiber was confirmed using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The degree of crystallinity of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs was calculated from a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results. The change of flexural rigidity and tensile properties of electrospun iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs with the external magnetic field were examined ISO 9073-7 testing method, universal testing machine and an appropriate magnet. Also, the elastic modulus of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanofiber was measured using nanoindentation. With applying magnetic field, the improvement in mechanical properties of field-responsive magnetic nanofibers and nanowebs was confirmed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Development of porous nanocomposite membranes for gas separation by identifying the effective fabrication parameters with Plackett–Burman experimental design

In this research, Plackett–Burman experimental design was used as a screening method to investigate seven processing factors in the preparation of new polyethersulfone based porous nanocomposite membrane. Polymer concentration, nanoparticle type, nanoparticle concentration, solvent type, solution mixing time, evaporation time, and annealing temperature are variables that were evaluated to fabricate mixed matrix membranes using the evaporation phase inversion method for gas separation. According to obtained results, polymer concentration, nanoparticle concentration, solution mixing time, and evaporation time processing factors had significant effects on gas permeation. In addition, the nanoparticle type, nanoparticle concentration, and polymer concentration had substantial effects on membrane selectivity. From analysis of variance, it was found that the model used for membrane gas permeability and membrane selectivity as response values were more reliable within spaced levels. Scanning electron microscope, gas permeation experiments and statistical analysis showed that polymer concentration, nanoparticle type, nanoparticle loading and evaporation time significantly affected the final membrane morphologies and performances. According to this study, trade-off limitation between gas permeability and membrane selectivity could be eliminated by identifying the effective fabrication parameters.     

Gold nanoparticle colorants as traditional ceramic glaze alternatives

Historically, Roman stained glass has been a standard for high‐temperature color stability since biblical times but was not properly characterized as emission from nanoparticle plasmon resonance until the 1990s. The methods under which it was created have been lost, but some efforts have recently been made to recreate these properties using gold nanoparticle inks on glassy surfaces. This body of work employs gold nanoparticle systems ranging from 0.015% to 0.100% (wt/wt), suspended in a clear glaze body. The glazes are fired with traditional ceramic methods—in both gas reduction and electric oxidation kilns—in which nanoparticles are retained and can be imaged via TEM. Various colors intensities are reported in addition to changes in nanoparticle size after application and firing. The nanoparticle glazes are compared to traditional red glazes, highlighting the significantly lower metal loading required (5%‐10% for traditional glazes vs 0.100% for gold (wt/wt)), therein. Finally, proof of concept is provided with a functional gold nanoparticle mug, fired in reduction, that costs roughly 0.98$ USD in gold used.     

Modeling of the mechanical properties of nanoparticle/polymer composites

A continuum-based elastic micromechanics model is developed for silica nanoparticle/polyimide composites with various nanoparticle/polyimide interfacial treatments. The model incorporates the molecular structures of the nanoparticle, polyimide, and interfacial regions, which are determined using a molecular modeling method that involves coarse-grained and reverse-mapping techniques. The micromechanics model includes an effective interface between the polyimide and nanoparticle with properties and dimensions that are determined using the results of molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that the model can be used to predict the elastic properties of silica nanoparticle/polyimide composites for a large range of nanoparticle radii, 10-10,000 Å. For silica nanoparticle radii above 1000 Å, the predicted properties are equal to those predicted using the standard Mori-Tanaka micromechanical approach, which does not incorporate the molecular structure. It is also shown that the specific silica nanoparticle/polyimide interface conditions have a significant effect on the composite mechanical properties for nanoparticle radii below 1000 Å.     

四氧化三铁纳米粉的制备方法及应用

对纳米级四氧化三铁的制备方法，例如沉淀法、微乳液法、水热法及高温热分解法等，做了详细的阐述说明和分析比较。同时对纳米级四氧化三铁在磁性液体、磁记录材料、生物靶向材料、微波吸收材料、静电复印显影剂以及高梯度磁分离器等方面的应用做了详细阐述。最后对纳米级四氧化三铁的制备方法及应用做了展望。