非正交自适应多址中继系统复数域网络编码方案性能分析与优化功率分配

无线中继与网络编码是提高无线通信系统数据可靠性和吞吐率的重要技术手段。该文重点分析了单中继非正交自适应多址系统复数域网络编码问题,即在中继采用选择解码转发自适应策略下的系统可靠性能及其优化设计。首先,论文推导了非正交自适应多址系统复数域网络编码方案的误符号率性能上界、分集度和编码增益;然后,论文以系统编码增益为优化目标,讨论了最优功率分配问题。结果表明,在保证系统满分集的前提下,非正交多址中继系统采用选择解码转发自适应中继策略能以更低的系统实现复杂度获得优于中继采用链路自适应再生策略所能获得的系统性能。此外,优化源节点和中继节点的功率分配因子可以有效地增加系统编码增益、改进系统性能。     

基于双路单中继信道的网络-信道联合编码

在大型无线网络中,两用户节点进行信息交互,其间存在两个并行的中继节点但无直通链路。本文针对这一模型提出了一种网络-信道联合编码方案,具体方法是:在所有节点进行卷积编码,中继节点处还使用了网络编码,两用户同时接收到两路中继编码信息,从中减去本地信息后即构成分布式Turbo编码,用户端可通过迭代译码来获得对端信息。针对不同的应用环境,本文又给出了两种相关演变方案,并加以比较。仿真结果表明:与网络编码、信道编码单独设计的两种相关方案相比较,网络-信道联合编译码方案能获得更好的误帧率(PER)性能。     

放大转发中继网络中的一种中继选择方案

提出了一种放大转发网络中的中继选择方案,假设目的节点配置多个天线,源节点和所有中继节点都配置单个天线,方案选择一组中继同时在相同的频带上放大转发接收到的源节点信息以最大化接收信噪比。与只择一个最优中继的方案相比,方案在保持满分集阶数的情况下获得了更高的中断容量和更优的误符号率性能。与只选择一个最优中继的方案相比,在0.000 01的误符号率水平上,少需要发射功率1.6 dB。     

高密度异构小基站立体网络的多向中继技术

研究了室内密集立体覆盖非对称、多向中继自组织网络中利用节点先验信息,在中继端联合信道编码、网络编码、自适应调制等技术进行干扰消除的传输方案。重点针对单中继两用户互传、单中继多对用户互传模型的下行信道,分别提出了自适应-网络编码调制、信道编码-网络编码2种联合设计方案。具体分别提出了变功率-速率自适应网络编码相移键控调制(NC-PSK)方案和联合网络-脏纸编码方案,并推导出2种方案下行广播信道可达速率的闭式解。仿真结果表明2种方案能够提高中继网络的频谱利用率,同时有效对抗信道衰落和干扰。     

一种基于自适应网络卷积编码的协作中继方法

在无线衰落信道环境中,协作中继是一种增加额外分集增益的有效方法,而网络编码可以用来提高网络吞吐量。网络编码采用XOR(异或)来混合两个源端的信息包,其稳健性差并且每个中继只能服务两个源端。该文提出一种自适应网络卷积编码协作中继方法,在中继端采用卷积编码方法代替XOR来混合两个或多个源端的信息包,混合后的信息可以看作是卷积编码器的一路输出,然后将其转发给目的端。当信道处于深度衰落时,该文提出了一种宽松自适应网络卷积编码协作中继方法,放松了中继参与转发的条件。该文提出的中继方法稳健性好,可以自适应匹配变化的无线网络拓扑结构,并且减少了网络编码协作中继方法所需要的中继个数。理论分析和仿真结果表明所提出的中继方法相比网络编码协作中继方法在性能上有大幅提高,尤其是随着协作节点数目增加,可保证系统获得稳定的额外满分集增益。     

基于协作通信系统的中继选择方案的研究

本文研究基于两跳的协作通信系统中的中继选择问题.为了降低中断概率,传统中继选择方案往往需要引入更多的中继节点参与协作传输,导致系统平均吞吐量下降.为解决上述问题,本文提出了一种新的自适应中继选择方案(ARSS),此方案可以结合两跳的链路信道状况,自适应地选择中继节点及其转发协议.仿真结果表明,与其他中继选择方案相比,本...     

Equation Chapter 1 Section 1基于中继的协作频谱感知性能分析及优化

提出了一种基于目标的中继协作频谱感知方案,证明了SU到SR链路上的信道条件对系统性能有较大的影响;鉴于此,提出了一种优化的最佳中继协作频谱感知(optimized BRCSS)方案,通过联合考虑目标SU到SR链路上的信道条件和 SR 到 FC 链路上的信道条件选择最佳认知中继;最后,从更实际的应用场景考虑,为了节约系统开销,进一步提出了一种自适应的最佳中继协作频谱感知方案（A-BRCSS）,即 SU 根据其信道条件,自适应地选择是否需要认知中继的协作传输。分析和仿真结果均表明,相比传统最佳中继协作频谱感知方案, Optimized BRCSS方案可以实现更高的感知性能;所提A-BRCSS方案可以实现几乎最佳的感知性能。     

基于有限域网络编码的中继选择方法

针对采用有限域网络编码的多源多中继协作通信系统,提出一种以极大最小距离可分码作为网络编码的自适应中继选择方法,将网络编码技术与中继选择技术相结合来提高系统的复用增益。通过分析系统的中断概率性能,得到系统的分集复用折中,由此证明自适应中继选择方法能够在保持协作系统获得满分集增益的同时,使得系统的复用增益不低于1/2。仿真结果表明,自适应中继选择方法优于传统的网络编码协作方法。     

双向中继信道下迭代差分接收机设计

物理层网络编码(PNC)能够将系统吞吐量提高一倍,其实现方式多基于相关解调,然而实际无线信道具有快时变、多径传播等特点,导致瞬时信道状态信息难以获取,本文针对这一问题基于比特交织编码迭代译码系统提出了一种基于差分调制的非相干物理层网络编码接收机设计方案,在没有信道状态信息(CSI)的条件下中继接收机能够基于非相干解调得到网络编码比特的对数似然比(LLR),然后通过软译码和迭代反馈进一步提高系统抗噪声性能,实验结果表明该方案可以实现可靠的物理层网络编码非相干接收。     

协作分集技术AF模式下反馈延迟随机性分析

该文采用一个三节点协作分集放大中继网络为研究模型.在Nakagami-m衰落信道条件下,对源节点发送-帧数据的反馈延迟的随机性进行了研究.数据帧在三节点协作网络中可以通过直接链路和中继链路到达目的节点,在物理层源节点根据信道条件不同,采用自适应调制编码技术,选择不同调制编码模式发送数据帧.结合以上原因,对数据帧的反馈延...     

LLR-aware smart link-adaptive strategy for decode-and-forward cooperative communication

Error propagation seriously degenerate the diversity order of Decode-and-Forward (DF) cooperative communication. To address this problem, a novel Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR)-based Link Adaptive Relaying (LAR) is proposed to promote adaption accuracy at relay. The instantaneous Bit Error Probability (BEP) is calculated according to the LLR of the received signals firstly, then based on it, the equivalent Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is employed to operate dynamic power scaling by relay. It is theoretically proved that the full diversity order can be attained by the scheme. Besides, the power sensitivity is also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperform the conventional LAR and can achieve full diversity order. Moreover, its strong adaptation to SNR fluctuation is validated.     

Joint LLR-CRC error mitigation for two-way adaptive denoise-and-forward network coding

Network Coding (NC) brings correlation between the coded signals from different sources, which makes the system more vulnerable to the decode error at relay. Conventional Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) has been implemented for error bit detection. However, its error correction is simply ignored. To fully exploit this feature, this paper proposes a novel joint Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) CRC error mitigation for NC two way relay channel. Specific thresholds are designed to estimate the error number of data block and identify those which can be recovered if the number is within the error correction scope of CRC. We examine two modes of the thresholds, one based on the average Bit Error Rate (BER) of source-relay link, while the other based on that of instantaneous one. We provide the full analysis for the Pair-wise Error Probability (PEP) performance of the scheme. A variety of numerical results are presented to reveal the superiority of the proposed scheme to conventional CRC NC under independent Rayleigh fading channels. Moreover, the efficiencies of the proposed thresholds are also validated.     

LLR-based symbol selective transmission with a near-optimal threshold to minimize BEP for demodulation-forward relay systems

Error propagation in the source-relay link limits the performance of demodulation-forward (MF) relay systems. In order to solve this problem and efficiently exploit the relay, we propose log likelihood ratio (LLR)-based symbol selective transmission with a near-optimum threshold to minimize the bit error probability (BEP). In the proposed scheme, the source information is forwarded by the relay only if it is likely to be detected correctly, as determined by a comparison of the LLR with the near-optimum threshold. To derive the near-optimum threshold, the BEP of the proposed scheme is analyzed in the case of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of the analysis and prove that the proposed scheme efficiently mitigates error propagation.     

A Threshold-Free LLR-Based Scheme to Minimize the BER for Decode-and-Forward Relaying

In cooperative communications, the problem of error propagation has a detrimental effect on the diversity order of the wireless system. To mitigate such an effect, we present a relaying scheme that is based on the absolute value of the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) of the received message signals at both the relay node and the destination node. The calculated LLR values are then compared to each other and based on the result of the comparison, a decision is made on whether or not to activate the relay node. The proposed scheme does not rely on any threshold, and is thus simple in nature. A closed-form expression is derived for the bit-error-rate (BER) of the proposed scheme. The theoretical developments are validated by simulations. As a means for performance measurement, the proposed scheme is compared to its counterparts and is shown to provide a better BER performance at a much lower complexity. Furthermore, a closed-form expression of the outage probability is also derived.     

一种利用软信息网络编码在双向中继网络进行估计转发的方法

 在本文中,我们为双向中继网络(Two-way Relay Networks)设计了一种崭新的估计-转发(EF:Estimate-and-Forward)方法.在中继端信道解码后首先得到每一比特的对数似然比(LLR:Log-Likelihood Ratio),然后利用两个方向的比特LLR进行软信息网络编码,并借此构造出中继端的发送信号.因为此方法保留了两端比特信息的软信息并抑制了噪声,所以在任何条件下它的性能都要优于传统的放大-转发(AF:Amplify-and-Forward)方式和解码-转发(DF:Decode-and-Forward)方式,文中详细推导了三种转发方式的最大可达速率,得到EF方式下最大可达速率的上界和下界,还证明了EF方式较其它两种方式节省功率消耗,并通过仿真得到了速率曲线与误码率曲线,明确的验证了EF的优势.     

基于Polar码的速率兼容调制方案设计

提出了一种基于Polar码的速率兼容调制（rate compatible modulation,RCM）联合设计方案,用于提高无线通信频谱利用率.相应地设计了基于置信度传播（belief propagation,BP）和软抵消（soft cancellation,SCAN）的接收端高效联合迭代译码算法.根据该算法可通过优化变量节点对数似然比（log-likelihood ratio,LLR）信息迭代方式以及采用限制译码符号上限的改进措施,提高译码过程的稳定性与时效性.与距离优化的级联低密度奇偶校验（low-density parity-check codes,LDPC）码RCM方案对比结果表明,提出的高效联合迭代译码算法在低信噪比（signal noise ratio,SNR）下有更低的译码复杂度,并且具有更优的吞吐量和误码率性能.因此,本文所提方案适合在恶劣信道条件下的无线传输.     

大规模MIMO系统低复杂度混合迭代信号检测

在大规模MIMO系统上行链路信号检测算法中,最小均方误差(MMSE)算法能获得接近最优的线性检测性能.但是,传统的MMSE检测算法涉及高维矩阵求逆运算,由于复杂度过高而使其在实际应用中难以快速有效地实现.基于最速下降(steepest descent,SD)算法和高斯一赛德尔(Gauss-Seidel,GS)迭代的方法提出了一种低复杂度的混合迭代算法,利用SD算法为复杂度相对较低的GS迭代算法提供有效的搜索方向,以加快算法收敛的速度.同时,给出了一种用于信道译码的比特似然比(LLR)近似计算方法.仿真结果表明,通过几次迭代,给出的算法能够快速收敛并接近MMSE检测性能,并将算法复杂度降低一个数量级,保持在O(K2).     

异步协同系统频选信道下基于线性预处理的DSTC结构设计

在协同中继系统中,应用分布式空时码(Distributed Space Time Coding, DSTC),可以在有效提高系统效率的同时获得全协同分集。但是,各中继节点的异步传输和节点间的多径衰落会破坏空时码字的结构,使之不能获得全分集。本文针对两中继的异步协同系统,提出了一种频率选择性信道下的基于线性预处理的DSTC传输结构。在此传输结构中,源节点对发送数据块进行预处理后发送给中继节点,中继节点对接收信号进行简单的共轭重排等处理,使得在目的节点形成DSTC的结构。其中,为抵抗异步传输和多径衰落引入的符号间干扰(Inter-symbol Interference, ISI),在源节点处和中继节点处均加入循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix, CP)。于是目的节点对接收到的信号进行DFT处理后,可以运用ML算法对数据信息进行检测。理论分析和仿真表明,当存在定时误差和节点间为频率选择性信道时,目的节点运用ML检测算法该传输结构可获得全空间分集和全多径分集。然后,本文考虑了信道各径延迟为整数倍符号周期的情况,并且证明了该传输结构的分集增益只与节点间信道的有效信道长度有关。      

General switch‐and‐examine relaying for demodulate‐and‐forward cooperative diversity

Two new demodulate‐and‐forward schemes of multi‐relay cooperative diversity with switch‐and‐examine relaying (SER) are analyzed. To reduce relay usage and enhance bandwidth efficiency, the two new cooperative diversity schemes employ a switch‐based relay selection. The proposed schemes consume less communication resource than regular relaying schemes, such as the selection combining (SC) or maximal ratio combining (MRC) schemes that always use all relays, and also achieve better performance than distributed switch‐and‐stay schemes. In the first scheme, the decision statistic for relay usage and selection is based on the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). In the second scheme, the log‐likelihood ratio (LLR) of received signals is used for the decision of relay usage and selection. With the two SER schemes, the bit error probability (BEP) of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and the average number of used paths are derived and expressed in closed‐form for the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channels. Numerical and simulation results are presented for performance illustrations. According to the numerical results, the LLR‐based SER not only achieves a lower BEP but also consumes less relay resource than the SNR‐based SER. Furthermore, the LLR‐based SER scheme even outperforms the corresponding SNR‐based SC scheme for a range of average SNR. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

编码协作MARC上全分集LDPC码的实现与性能分析

本文研究了多接入中继信道(MARC)上全分集LDPC码的实现与性能。首先,分析了MARC模型及其固有分集,然后构造了在MARC上能取得全分集的LDPC码,新构造的码字采用根校验节点把源节点传输与中继节点传输联系起来,从而获得全分集。接着,研究了所构造码字的密度演化过程,在密度演化的基础上,进一步分析了全分集LDPC码校验矩阵的结构,给出了通过提高全分集校验比特的比例,改善全分集LDPC码在MARC上编码增益的方法。仿真结果表明,本文所提算法在MARC信道上不仅能实现全分集,而且能取得较高的编码增益。