仿毛型PBT/PET高速纺并列复合纤维的研制

论述了应用双螺杆高速纺丝机试制仿毛型PBT/PET并列复合纤维的工艺特点,通过对干燥、纺丝及拉伸工艺条件的探索和分析,获得批量生产PBT/PET高速纺并列复合纤维的较佳工艺条件,经后加工厂应用表明:PBT/PET并列复合丝织物能满足仿毛风格要求,是一种具有广阔开发前景的仿毛纤维。     

PBT/PET并列复合纤维的研究——第一报 纺丝拉伸工艺与纤维结构性能的关系

本文从理论上探索了双组分纤维的结构特点;对PBT/PET并列型复合纤维的纺丝、拉伸工艺进行研究,寻求加工工艺与复合纤维结构性能的内在联系;为制备性能优越的PBT/PET复合纤维提供理论依据。同时,通过大量的工艺实验得到了物理机械性能优异的PBT/PET并列型复合纤维。     

PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究

本文主要报导对PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究,并介绍自行设计的纤维弯曲回弹性测试方法.试验表明,用80升釜扩大试验制得的批量共聚酯切片,能进行正常的纺丝和拉伸,以此制得的共聚纤维其拉伸和弯曲回弹性优于常规PET纤维和PBT纤维,染色性能接近常规PBT纤维.     

纺丝温度对PET/PTT纤维结构与性能的影响

采用质量比为50/50的PET/PTT进行复合纺丝,纺丝速度2 300 m/min,经拉伸1.56倍,生产166dtex/72 f PET/PTT复合纤维,探讨了纺丝温度对PET/PTT复合纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明:纺丝温度低时,PET/PTT纤维特性黏数高,纤维截面趋向于花生形;纺丝温度高时,纤维特性黏数低,纤维截面呈圆形;选择纺丝温度约275℃时,PET/PTT复合纤维具有良好的力学性能和卷曲性能,卷曲收缩率达39.6%。     

PBT/PET双组分体系熔体流变性能的研究——第1报 并列复合熔体流变性能的研究

对PBT/PET双组分体系(复合和共混)熔体进行流变性能和形态结构研究,取得一系列规律,对正确地制定双组分纤维纺丝成形的工艺条件,合理地控制生产工艺参数与改进产品性能具有一定的实际指导意义和理论价值。     

PET和PTT及PET/PTT复合纤维结构研究进展

概述了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)的结构异同点,以及高速纺丝工艺条件下纤维的超分子结构。PET和PTT纤维都只存在三斜晶系晶型,均属可高速纺拉伸诱导取向结晶类纤维。随着纺丝速度的增加,在纺丝速度为4000m/min左右时,PET和PTT纤维均出现取向诱导结晶现象,且晶体尺寸增大;双折射值则先增大后减小,但在相同的纺丝速度下,PTT初生纤维的双折射值要小于PET初生纤维的双折射值。综述了PET/PTT并列复合纤维的结构研究进展。单组分纤维和双组分纤维存在结构差异。指出应进一步研究PET/PTT并列复合纤维的结构和性能。     

PET/PBT共混体系的纺丝性能及纤维性能研究

选取 PET/ PBT配比 90 / 10的共混物作为纺丝实验样品 ,采用常规纺丝及后加工工艺对其纺丝性能进行了研究 ,采用 DSC、SEM、X-衍射以及常规物性测试方法对共混纤维的常规性能和微观结构进行了研究表征。结果表明 ,PET/ PBT共混体系在本文实验条件下具有良好的可纺性和后加工性能 ,纤维的各项指标均接近或超过 DT丝一等品的要求 ,其结晶速度快和结晶度较高的特性是影响其纤维性能的关键。     

多岛型高回弹性PA6/PET复合纤维的开发

介绍了以涤纶(PET)为岛、锦纶(PA6)为海,采用复合纺丝技术开发的多岛型高回弹性PA6/PET复合纤维的生产流程,探讨了原料的选择、切片干燥、纺丝温度、组件设计、冷却条件、拉伸加弹、PA6/PET复合比及岛个数等工艺条件,并选择24f×18～20岛、锦涤比50∶50的多岛型高回弹性纤维为最理想产品。纤维织成织物后并不象海岛纤维一样要溶去其中一组分,而是用廉价的PET替代部分昂贵的PA6。结果表明:开发的多岛型高回弹性PA6/PET复合纤维及其织物兼具了锦、涤2种纤维的优点,且原料成本是纯锦纶的2/3。     

20头PBT/PET复合纤维生产技术

选用PBT切片特性黏度1.09 dL/g,经固相增黏待其特性黏度达到1.27 dL/g时使用,PET切片特性黏度0.5 dL/g;复合丝纺丝箱采用3箱结构,拉伸设备采用3组辊的机型;以生产83 dtex/32 f为例,对复合比、拉伸比、纺丝温度、喷丝板孔对产品特性的影响进行了论述。     

PET/PA6复合纺丝工艺的确定

探讨了PET/PA6星型复合纤维纺丝工艺,分析了两组分复合比、纺丝温度、拉伸比、拉伸温度等条件对复合纤维的生产过程及产品品质的影响,认为选择PET/PA6复合比为80/20,纺丝温度为280~290℃,拉伸温度为85~95℃,定型温度为195~205℃,纺丝较顺利,产品品质较好。     

PBT/PET双组分体系熔体流变性能的研究——第二报 共混熔体流变性能的研究

对PBT/PET共混体系的熔体流动性能和粘弹性能进行了一系列的研究,并对其相形态结构作了探索,为PBT/PET共混纤维的进一步研制提供了理论依据和实验基础。     

The fine structure of bicomponent polyester fibers

The application of alkaline hydrolysis to study the change in the fine structure of bicomponent polyester fibers as their surface is removed progressively was explored. The samples were prepared with a poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) sheath and a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) core. The reagent used to hydrolyze the PBT was 1M NaOH in 75/25 methanol to water since it appeared to react topochemically with the fiber. The solution reacted more rapidly with PET than with PBT. Thus, when necessary to retard the weight loss of the bicomponent fibers, after a 2‐h hydrolysis with this reagent to remove PBT, it was replaced with aqueous 1M NaOH solution containing 0.1% cetrimmonium bromide. Unlike homofil PET or PBT fibers, where alkaline attack appeared to be confined to the surface and left the residue relatively smooth, the bicomponent fiber was attacked unevenly, and penetration to the PET core occurred before all the PBT at the surface was removed. Nevertheless, most of the reaction was confined initially to the PBT sheath. The tenacity and extension at break of the PBT–PET fiber passed through a maximum as hydrolysis progressed. The fall in tenacity at high weight losses is ascribed to increasing surface defects in the fiber surface. After removal of the PBT by the hydrolysis, the birefringence of the residue became progressively higher. The synergistic effect of the PBT sheath on the properties of the PET core and the possible causes of the nonuniform hydrolysis at the PBT surface are discussed. An equation is proposed that includes an interaction parameter, which can be utilized to determine which property is affected most by the hydrolysis of a bicomponent fiber. In this instance, it appears from the parameters that the order is strength > extension at break ≈ birefringence. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1163–1173, 1999     

PET-PBT共聚酯纤维的性能研究

对 PET-PBT共聚酯纤维的性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,PET-PBT纤维的 1次和 10次拉伸回复率均高于 PET纤维 ,经 5 % 1次拉伸后回复率达 10 0 % ,与 PBT相当。 PET-PBT纤维的 180°弯曲回弹性能高于 PET,PBT纤维 ,和 PA6纤维相当。PET-PBT纤维的染色性能远高于 PET纤维 ,且随 PBT含量的增加而增大 ,PBT组分含量达 2 5 %时 ,共聚酯纤维的上染率高达 91.5     

PBT/PET 共混纤维相容性的研究

通过理论分析、差示扫描量热法、红外光谱、广角 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜等手段,对PBT/PET 熔融共混体进行了研究,讨论了其相容性和结构特性。研究发现:共混体在所有不同组成,其混合热△H_m 均小于41.8mJ;共混体中没有形成混晶,共混体只出现一个玻璃化转变温度,且介于 PET 和 PBT 的玻璃化温度之间;共混体的红外光谱中,出现 C=O 谱带从1727cm~(-1)移向1718cm~(-1)的现象。表明两者之间确实存在一定程度的相互作用,这种相互作用是共混体无定形区相容的内在因素;PBT 和 PET 均以微纤状存在于共混纤维中。     

CDP/PET共纺低弹丝的研制

介绍了以ＣＤＰ，ＰＥＴ切片为原料，采用ＰＯＹ－ＤＴＹ路线研制双组分共纺低弹丝的工艺特点和关键技术。通过对ＣＤＰ，ＰＥＴ切片进行热分析和流变性能分析，认为：ＣＤＰ，ＰＥＴ组分应采用不同的干燥工艺，需选择不同特性粘数的切片来保证二者熔体粘度的匹配，纺丝组件的设计要考虑纺丝工艺的特殊性等。并与单一组分ＰＥＴ的高速纺丝和变形工艺进行了比较，从理论上解释了两者的差异。     

PET与PBT配比对阻燃增强PET/PBT合金表面浮纤的影响

研究了不同聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）配比对阻燃增强PET/PBT合金表面浮纤的影响。采用二次元影像测试仪和目测的方式,半定量地表征表面浮纤。结果表明,随着PBT含量的增加,表面浮纤逐渐减弱;当PET和PBT质量比接近1∶1时,材料表面质量最好;进一步提高PBT含量时,表面浮纤现象又逐渐严重;阻燃增强PBT材料的表面浮纤现象比阻燃增强PET材料轻。     

PET/PTT自卷曲纤维不对称结构分析

利用偏振光研究PET/PTT自卷曲纤维双侧不对称结构在光学各向异性上所表现出的特性。同时将PET和PTT单组分纤维与PET/PTT复合纤维的偏光干涉条纹及双折射率作分析比较,解释PET/PTT纤维双侧不对称光学性质与纤维卷曲的关系。     

PBT/PET conjugated fibers: Melt spinning,fiber properties,and thermal bonding

This work examines the PBT/PET sheath/core conjugated fiber, with reference to melt spinning, fiber properties and thermal bonding. Regarding the rheological behaviors in the conjugated spinning, PET and PBT show the smallest difference between their melt‐viscosity at temperatures of 290°C and 260°C respectively, which has been thought to represent optimal spinning conditions. The effect of processing parameters on the crystallinity of core material‐PET was observed and listed. In order of importance, these factors are the draw ratio, the heat‐set temperature, and the drawing temperature. The crystallinity of sheath material‐PBT, however, can be considered to be constant, independent of any processing parameters. The bulk orientation, rather than the crystallinity of PET core, dominates the tenacity of PBT/PET sheath/core fiber. Moreover, heat‐set treatment after drawing is recommended to yield a highly oriented conjugated fiber. With respect to thermal bonding, PBT/PET conjugated fibers processed via high draw ratio but low‐temperature heat setting can form optimal thermal bonds at a constant bonding temperature of 10°C above the T_m of PBT.     

Effect of Blend Ratio and Draw Ratio on the Mechanical Properties of PET/PP Blended Conjugate Fibers

This study analyzes the influence of blend ratio and draw ratio on the fiber properties of blend fibers composed of poly (ethylene terephthalate), or PET, and polypropylene, or PP, (hereafter referred to as PET/PP conjugate fibers). For a comparison, PET and poly (butylene terephthalate), or PBT blends, (hereafter referred to as PET/PBT conjugate fibers) are also investigated. Various blend ratios of fibers are melt spun and drawn in a multistep drawing method. The conjugate fibers are evaluated using tenacity, Young's modulus, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results show that multistep drawing using a lower first-step draw ratio provides a higher tenacity and Young's modulus. Furthermore, when the blend ratio is 75/25 in a PET/PP conjugate fiber and 50/50 in a PET/PBT conjugate fiber, the polymer components undergo a phase inversion phenomenon. A PP sub-micron (10^?1 ～ 10⁰ micron) fiber of about 0.0001 ～ 0.00017 tex in fineness, or about 0.4 ～ 0.5 micron in diameter, can be obtained when PET/PP conjugate fiber is treated with a 25% NaOH aqueous solution by weight. However, A PBT sub-micron fiber cannot be achieved using a PET/PBT conjugate fiber.