ZSM-5型分子筛强化水吸收CO_2

在难溶气体吸收体系中加入第3分散相粒子是强化传质过程的一个重要手段,文中采用恒温搅拌釜对ZSM-5型分子筛/水浆料强化CO2的吸收过程进行了实验研究,考察了硅铝摩尔比(120,150,360)、固含率和气相CO2体积分数对增强因子的影响。结果表明:随着分子筛硅铝摩尔比的增加,其疏水性增强,增强因子随之增大;随着分子筛固含率的增加,气液界面处颗粒的覆盖率增大,增强因子迅速增大,当气液界面处颗粒的覆盖率逐渐接近最大覆盖率时,则增强因子逐渐趋于恒定值;随着气相CO2体积分数的增加,溶质在溶液中的扩散作用逐渐增强,而分子筛颗粒输运作用逐渐减弱,增强因子减小。针对分散相微粒增强难溶气体的吸收过程,提出了一个三维非均相传质模型,计算结果和实验数据吻合良好。     

浆料反应增强SO2吸收的间歇过程研究

采用搅拌槽间歇吸收实验测定了298K下Mg(OH)2浆料对SO2的吸收增强作用。通过液膜内待吸收气体与溶解分散相颗粒间反应的研究，建立Mg(OH)2浆料增强SO2吸收的三区域模型，模拟了间歇吸收过程中分散相颗粒粒径、待吸收气体分压和增强因子等随时问的变化。考虑了气液近界面“惰性区”影响和分散相颗粒粒径与浆料表观粘度变化后的间歇吸收过程的模拟结果与实验结果具有良好的一致性。     

竖直管外降膜吸收传热传质过程强化的研究

对LiBr溶液在光滑管和四种换热强化管竖直管外降膜吸收过程进行了实验研究，得到了实验条件下的最佳管型，分析了非绝热吸收过程中传热传质相互作用，相互影响的关系，建立了竖直管外降膜吸收热－质传递过程的数学模型，并对该过程进行了数值计算，模型计算值与实验结果的比较证明该模型具有较好的适用性。     

膜气体吸收过程中复合溶液化学增强因子预测

建立了一个膜吸收复合溶液化学增强因子计算模型,实验测定和模型预测了胺类复合溶液膜吸收CO2的增强因子,研究了Hatta准数Ha、气液流速、吸收剂浓度等因素对增强因子的影响,通过比较评价了模型的准确性。结果表明:当Ha>2,增强因子E值近似等于Ha,胺类膜吸收CO2的反应可作为拟一级快速反应处理;吸收剂浓度对增强因子的影响很大,随吸收剂浓度增大增强因子迅速增大;液速增大,增强因子也增大,但增大幅度有限;气速对增强因子几乎无影响。数学模型能较好地预测复合溶液膜吸收CO2的化学增强因子,预测的平均相对偏差为8.7%,最大为15.5%。     

分子筛/水浆料体系强化CO2吸收的研究

采用搅拌釜研究了ZSM-5分子筛(SiO2/Al2O3=100)对水吸收二氧化碳的增强作用。考察了气相浓度、初始压力和固含率对增强因子的影响。结果表明,初始压力与气相浓度对吸收具有显著影响,增强因子随初始压力与气相浓度的增大而减小。固含率对增强因子的影响为:当固含率小于0.4 kg m 3时,增强因子随固含率的增加迅速增大;当固含率大于0.4 kg m 3时,增强因子的增加逐渐变缓并最终趋于恒定值。作者还提出了一个一维非均相传质模型并进行了理论求解,模拟预测值和实验结果吻合良好。     

有机分散相对丙烷气体吸收增强的研究

采用恒温搅拌釜研究了不同转速下,添加正十二烷对丙烷在水相中吸收速率的影响。结果表明:添加正十二烷对丙烷在水相中的吸收速率具有显著的增强作用。增强因子随正十二烷体积分率的增大几乎线性增大,但随转速的增大而减小。以Demmink一维传质模型为基础,提出了一个修正的增强因子预测模型。模型值与实验值吻合良好,且模型中仅含一个未知参数,简化了对实际增强因子的预测。     

湿壁塔氨法烟气脱硫的非平衡模型

针对氨法烟气脱硫体系,基于经典双膜传质理论,建立了湿壁塔氨法烟气脱硫的非平衡模型,包括烟气中SO2在氨水溶液中吸收模型以及反应器模型。该模型考虑了传质和反应之间的相互影响以及液相中电解质存在的影响,用传质速率方程表征二相间的传递过程。对直径为100 mm,列管高度为1 200 mm的吸收塔不同条件下氨水吸收模拟烟气中SO2进行了预测,得到了液膜内各组分的浓度分布曲线,增强因子沿塔高的分布。所得到的实验结果与预测结果基本一致。该模型可以为湿式氨法烟气脱硫的工艺设计及操作提供参考。     

膜基复合溶液吸收CO2过程模拟

建立了膜基复合溶液吸收CO₂传质微分方程模型,模型中考虑了MDEA-AMP复合溶剂吸收反应交互作用和溶剂对膜孔的湿润性两种因素,模拟了这两种因素、不同气液速及不同组件对传质过程的影响,通过SEM摄片考察了溶剂对膜结构形态的影响.结果表明：交互作用和湿润性是影响传质过程不可忽略的重要因素;MDEA和AMP的增强因子对总增强因子不具有加和性;湿润使膜相阻力迅速上升,成为传质阻力的主导项;高液速时膜孔易被湿润;SEM摄片发现溶剂使膜孔增大,长时间运行疏水性膜有亲水化趋势.考虑交互因子β和湿润率η的模型,模型值与实验值符合更好.     

填料吸收塔内乙醇胺溶液吸收CO_2增强因子

醇胺溶液吸收CO2是沼气提纯领域重要的研究课题。在实验填料吸收塔中,以NaOH水溶液吸收低浓度CO2的实验结果估算了填料的有效相界面积,建立了乙醇胺(MEA)溶液吸收高浓度CO2增强因子的数学模型,并从数学模型和实验的角度研究了MEA浓度、进气流率、CO2浓度等工艺参数对MEA吸收CO2增强因子的影响。结果表明,增强因子数学模型计算值与实验值能够良好吻合,MEA吸收CO2化学反应增强因子随进气CO2浓度增加而降低,随MEA浓度增加而增加,随进气流率增加而减小。     

MDEA与MEA脱碳反应动力学

通过双模理论及反应釜吸收实验的方法,建立了胺液脱碳拟一级传质反应模型,并对其进行了实验验证。通过模型中的增强因子、二级反应速率常数及传质速率分析了伯胺MEA(乙醇胺)及叔胺MDEA(甲基二乙醇胺)的动力学特性,以此为基础进一步分析了MDEA+MEA混合胺液的交互作用、动力学特性,并得到了较优的胺液配比。研究结果表明:伯胺MEA的增强因子及传质速率数值大于叔胺MDEA,随着气液传质过程进行,传质速率逐渐减小;对于混合胺液,表观反应速率常数以及增强因子随着MEA浓度的增加以及温度的升高而逐渐增大;当总胺浓度为3mol·L^-1时,MDEA+MEA(2mol·L^-1+1mol·L^-1)的混合胺液增强因子数值为0.5,传质速率较大,为最优混合胺液配比。     

活性炭粒子对K2CO3溶液中CO2化学吸收的强化

The enhancement of chemical absorption of CO2 by K2CO3/H2O absorbents in the presence of activated carbon （AC） particles was investigated. The results show that the gas absorption rates can be enhanced significantly in the presence of AC particles, and the maximum enhancement factor 3.7 was observed at low stirring intensities. The enhancement factor increased rapidly with the solid loading during the initial period of absorption and then be- came mild gradually to a maximum value. Both the liquid-solid contact area and the probability of solid particles residing at the gas-liquid interface decreased with the increase of the particle size, leading to a negative effect on the enhancement of mass transfer. The influence of the particles on gas absorption decreased with the reaction rate. The stirring speed changed the interfacial coverage and mass transfer rate on the liquid side and consequently affected the mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases; the enhancement factor decreased with the stirring intensity. A heterogeneous two-zone model was proposed for predicting the enhancement factor and the calculated results agreed well with the experimental data.     

磷石膏强化氨法CO2捕集机理与模型

基于化学活性颗粒强化气液吸收机理,建立了磷石膏悬浮液强化氨法烟气CO₂捕集模型。以液膜内量纲一传质距离λ^*为特征参数,增强因子E=1/λ^*+qβλ^*/2。用恒温反应器在不同搅拌转速及磷石膏颗粒固含量下实验测定CO₂吸收增强因子对模型进行检验,结果表明:随颗粒固含量由5%增加到30%(质量分数),增强因子由1.69增加到2.10;而随搅拌转速从150 r·min^-1增加到300 r·min^-1,增强因子仅由1.75略增到1.80,表明磷石膏颗粒固含量及溶解速率是影响增强因子的控制性因素。实验结果与模型预测值吻合良好, 偏差小于10%。     

活性炭粒子对K2CO3溶液中CO2化学吸收的强化

The enhancement of chemical absorption of CO2 by K2CO3/H2O absorbents in the presence of activated carbon (AC) particles was investigated. The results show that the gas absorption rates can be enhanced significantly in the presence of AC particles,and the maximum enhancement factor 3.7 was observed at low stirring intensities.The enhancement factor increased rapidly with the solid loading during the initial period of absorption and then became mild gradually to a maximum value. Both the liquid-solid contact area and the probability of solid particles residing at the gas-liquid interface decreased with the increase of the particle size,leading to a negative effect on the enhancement of mass transfer. The influence of the particles on gas absorption decreased with the reaction rate. The stirring speed changed the interfacial coverage and mass transfer rate on the liquid side and consequently affected the mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases; the enhancement factor decreased with the stirring intensity. A heterogeneous two-zone model was proposed for predicting the enhancement factor and the calculated results agreed well with the experimental data.     

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of CO2 Absorption Enhancement by Nano-Al2O3 and Carbon Nanotube Particles

The influence of nano-particles on CO2 absorption was studied experimentally in a stirred thermostatic reactor. Nano-Al2O3 and carbon nanotube (CNT) particles which showed different hydrophobic propert...     

采用纳米Al203和碳纳米管颗粒强化CO2吸收的理论及实验研究（英文）

The influence of nano-particles on CO2 absorption was studied experimentally in a stirred thermostatic reactor. Nano-A1203 and carbon nanotube （CNT） particles which showed different hydrophobic properties were chosen for the investigation. The experimental results were compared with that of micron-size activated carbon （AC） and Al2O3 particles. From the results, no enhancement by micron-size A1203 was found, and with the increase of A1203 concentration, the enhancement factor decreased. However, nano-Al203 showed a weak enlaancement tor me COz absorption. AC and CNT particles all intensified the gas-liquid mass transfer effectively, yet the trend of the enhancement factor with stirring speed for the two particles was different. With increasing stirring speed, the enhancement factor of AC particles was decreased, wl＇iereas in CNT suspensions it was increased. The experimental phenomena demonstrated a difference in enhancement mechanism for different size particles. For nano-particles, besides the influence of adsorbability and hydrophobicity, the micro-convection caused by Brownian motion should be also taken into account. Considering the micro-convection effect, a theoretical model was developed to shed light on the absorption enhancement bv nano-oarticles.     

Effect of fine solid particles on absorption rate of gaseous CO

The influence of the properties of solid particles in slurry on the absorption of CO₂ in the slurry was investigated in a stirred thermostatic reactor. The absorption experiments were carried out in three different slurries consisting of water, cyclohexane and soybean oil, respectively, and three kinds of solid particles (active carbon, active alumina and silica gel) were incorporated into each of the above mentioned slurries separately. The experimental results show that the active carbon particles could enhance the absorption rate of gaseous CO₂ in the aqueous slurry, while in the cyclohexane slurry, active carbon particles indicated no the absorption enhancement effect. However, it was observed that the active alumina and silica gel particles could enhance the absorption rate of CO₂ in the cyclohexane slurry. These phenomena indicate that the solid particles, which could enhance the gaseous CO₂ absorption rate, should possess two properties simultaneously, i.e. they rejected the solvent and had higher adsorption capacity for the solute. The experimental results also show that, as for those solid particles which could enhance the gas absorption rate, the enhancement increased quickly with the increase of solid concentration in slurry at first, and then reached a constant value gradually. It was also found that the enhancement factor was related to the coverage fraction of solid particles on the gas-liquid interface, and due to the reduction of surface fraction with increasing stirred speed, the enhancement factor decreased.     

微细颗粒强化氧气吸收实验

引言目前,石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺是在燃煤电厂应用最广的烟气脱硫技术,脱硫的副产品是脱硫石膏(CaSO4.2H2O)。但在实际运行过程中由于氧化率未达到要求值,从而使得产生的石膏晶体不足,形成了亚硫酸钙和硫酸钙的混合晶体[1];另外,燃煤锅炉产生的烟气虽经除尘,但进入脱硫装置时仍含有大量粉尘颗粒[2-3]。因此,在电厂实际的脱硫过程中,发生的并不是单纯的两相     

Bridging mesoporous carbon particles with carbon nanotubes

The enhancement of the electrical conductivity (EC) of a porous carbon is highly desirable in many applications, especially in those associated with storage and conversion of electrochemical energy. In this work, we demonstrated an approach to largely increasing the EC of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) by bridging the OMC particles with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Infiltration of the pores of ordered mesoporous SBA-15 silica with a carbon precursor yielded a carbon/mesoporous silica composite, which was further used as a support for Ni catalyst. Subsequently, catalytic growth of CNTs on the Ni-supported composite surface was carried out using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with benzene as the carbon precursor. Removal of the silica framework and the metal catalyst left behind OMC particles bridged with CNTs. The EC of the OMC was increased from 138 S/m (before bridging) to 645 S/m (after bridging). Because of the significant enhancement of EC and the availability of mesopores, the cyclability of the hybrid carbon materials as a negative electrode used in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries was significantly improved.     

Taylor流下微细颗粒增强CO2:吸收研究（英文）

The physical absorption of CO2 in water containing different types of particles was studied in a microchannel operated under Taylor flow.The maximum enhancement factors of 1.43 2.15 were measured for activated carbon (AcC) particles.The analysis shows that the enhancement effect can be attributed to the shuttle mechanism.Considering the separate contributions of mass transfer from bubble cap and liquid film,a heterogeneous enhancement model is developed.According to this model,the enhancement factors E Cap,E Film and E Ov are mainly determined by mass transfer coefficient KL (KL,Cap and KL,Film),adsorptive capacity of particles m,and coverage fraction of particles at gas-liquid interface ζ.With both effects of particle-to-interface adhesion and apparent viscosity included,the model predicts the enhancement effect of AcC particles reasonably well.     

Absorption of carbon dioxide in aqueous MDEA solution coupling dust suppression under atomization

ABSTRACT

Large amounts of CO₂ and dust particles coming from power plant flue need to be captured and removed before flue is discharged into the air. In present work, absorption of carbon dioxide in aqueous N-methylidiethanolamine (MDEA) solution coupling dust suppression has been studied in an atomization absorption column, with MDEA concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.5mol/L, and with atomization frequencies ranging from 50 to 80 HZ. The obtained experimental results show that absorption rate of CO₂ in aqueous MDEA solution can be enhanced when the absorption process couples a dust suppression one under the condition of atomization. The reason for it is attributed to the adsorption of droplets on the solid particles which restrains the amount of entrainment and makes more droplets contact with gas so as to increase effective mass transfer area, thus resulting in the increase of CO₂ absorption rate. The range of obtained enhancement factor is from 1.1 to 1.7. Mass transfer enhancement factor increases with the increase of MDEA concentration and atomization frequency at a certain range. Effective mass transfer areas and entrainment ratios suppressed have been calculated based on theoretic research. The results calculated agree with our experimental phenomena, and support the enhancement mass transfer mechanism proposed.