Assessing safety measures in residential buildings in Saudi Arabia

The incidence rate of fire in residential buildings in Saudi Arabia accounts for 69% of all building fires. A field assessment of current safety issues for residential buildings in Saudi Arabia is used to identify common safety deficiencies. The survey showed that most residents are ignorant many safety aspects in their homes. A safety audit checklist for assessing the effectiveness of safety measures in existing residential buildings is also presented. Based on these findings, a number of strategies for designers, local authorities, building owners and residents is suggested.     

Safety design practices in residential buildings in Saudi Arabia

A survey of current safety practices in the design of residential buildings in Saudi Arabia identified deficiencies in governance and design procedures. A systematic safety compliance checklist was developed to address these deficiencies incorporating existing local safety instructions and international safety codes and standards. Checklist use is intended to ensure compliance with minimal safety requirements in the design of residential buildings.     

Safety design practices in residential buildings in Saudi Arabia

A survey of current safety practices in the design of residential buildings in Saudi Arabia identified deficiencies in governance and design procedures. A systematic safety compliance checklist was developed to address these deficiencies incorporating existing local safety instructions and international safety codes and standards. Checklist use is intended to ensure compliance with minimal safety requirements in the design of residential buildings.     

滨州市高层居住建筑消防安全现状及防火对策

通过对滨州市高层居住建筑消防安全现状的调查以及对高层居住建筑火灾特点的分析,提出了滨州市高层居住建筑防火对策,从而降低火灾安全隐患,促进高层建筑快速发展。     

Parametric analysis of alternative energy conservation measures in an office building in hot and humid climate

The growth of demand for electrical energy in the rapidly expanding towns, cities and industries exceeds the growth of the power being made available. Therefore, energy conservation is becoming an increasingly important issue in Saudi buildings. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of alternative energy conservation measures on energy requirements in office buildings in hot–humid climates. The study was conducted on a five-story office building located in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, which has been in use since 1998. Different types of HVAC systems were selected and different feasible and practical operational energy conservation measures (ECMs) were evaluated using the energy simulation software of Visual DOE 4.0. Previous studies conducted in this area were reviewed. Data was collected through review of design drawings, building audit and the analysis of 4 years of utility bills. All the collected data was analyzed and the utility bills data was used to calibrate the base case of the existing building using Visual DOE energy simulation software. Conclusions and recommendations were developed for conserving energy using various appropriate ECMs in office buildings in hot and humid climates.     

太阳能热水系统在住宅设计中的应用

通过对住宅太阳能热水系统的设计,对多层和小高层住宅太阳能热水系统设计方案应遵循节水节能,经济安全、操作简单、容易计算的原则,在给排水的设计中,应充分利用太阳能并合理选择热水供应系统,为住户提供优质价廉舒适的热水。     

浅析住宅建筑设计存在的问题

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,人们的生活水平和物质文化水平都有显著的提高,人们对住宅建筑要求逐步提高,所以住宅建筑设计受到广泛的关注。住宅建筑不仅要满足使用者的安全性、舒适性的需求,还应具备一定的美观和节能作用,来满足居民的物质和心理需求。本文通过分析住宅建筑设计中存在的问题,从而有针对性地提出几点参考建议。     

上海市住宅能耗影响因素的调查与分析

以问卷调查的方式,对上海市350户居民住宅的能耗进行了调查,针对不同类型不同年代的建筑,不同收入的居民的住宅用气、用水和用电进行统计。通过数据分析了影响上海住宅建筑能耗的各种因素的影响的大小,并针对这些调研结果提出了上海市住宅建筑节能的建议。     

北京市某住宅楼夏季空调能耗调查分析

对北京市1栋普通住宅楼夏季空调能耗进行逐周调查分析,结果表明,目前北京市住宅空调器装得多、用得少,平均能耗水平较低,并且各住户空调能耗的差异很大、集中度很高,20%的空调能耗大户消耗了全楼约70%的空调能量。该楼空调能耗分布的基尼系数为0.64,因此空调运行模式是影响住宅空调能耗的最重要因素,住宅空调行为节能的潜力和“耗能”潜力均很大。     

某住宅楼主体结构安全性及抗震鉴定

根据某住宅楼主体结构基本情况及内外观质量检查结果,对其进行了安全性及抗震性能的检测鉴定,同时总结了鉴定过程及一些经验体会,为建筑物的安全评价提供了参考依据。     

Heat pumps using heat from lakes and the sea

A general observation from the Gulf States is that some buildings are completely dependent on mechanical air-conditioning. Due to the availability of cheap energy, some designers tend to overlook the importance of climate during the design process. As a result, a large amount of energy is needed for the mechanical control of indoor climate. It is estimated that approximately 65% of the electrical energy generated in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is consumed in buildings. There is no doubt that a large proportion of this energy is used in cooling the buildings during the long hot summer. This paper has also been influenced by the latest development plan of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which calls for energy savings.

A complex set of factors influences the thermal performance of buildings and hence determines the amount of energy required for the mechanical control of indoor climate. This paper attempts to visualize the effect of orientation on indoor climate in the hot-dry region of Saudi Arabia. The study is based on an experimental survey carried out on the staff housing at King Saud University [1]. Some apartments were selected for the case study. These are similar in all aspects influencing thermal behaviour, such as materials, construction and form, but differ in orientation. Indoor air temperature and internal surface temperatures were recorded. The results are then analysed and evaluated.     

住宅小区地下车库问题的几点思考

我国以密集型多层或高层为主的住宅小区，修建地下车库成为解决停车问题的方式。本文对地下车库中的法律争论、地下车库的规划和地下车库建设带来的各种安全问题三个方面进行了探讨，并提出了一些思考或解决办法。     

某砖混旧宅安全性鉴定

农村地区砖混结构较普遍。大量砖混结构的民宅及公共建筑年久失修,存在安全风险。对有潜在安全风险的房屋进行安全性鉴定,可为后期房屋的加固提供科学指导依据。     

Environmental,health and safety concerns of decorative mouldings made of expanded polystyrene in buildings

Decorative tiles and mouldings made of polymeric foams are getting more popular in buildings. There are health, safety and environmental concerns on these products and their use in the buildings. In this paper, we report the results of the study and discuss about concerns of decorative mouldings made of expanded polystyrene (EPS). Physical damage to the structure of the building, potential harms to residents and health hazards were found as main concerns in this regard. The use of decorative mouldings made of EPS in the buildings is the subject to some considerations. The climate conditions play significant role in the feasibility of usage of decorative mouldings in the buildings. Although these products may add some aesthetic effects to the building's exterior view, the observations and results of this study do not support the use of the products in the buildings. Decorative mouldings bring significant safety and health risks, and it is recommended that for usage in buildings, particularly residential ones, the decorative moulding to be made of non-flammable light-weight materials or to be completely excluded from the buildings.     

Risks associated with trenching works in Saudi Arabia

Risks are present in every task we perform regardless of whether it is simple and straightforward or highly complex. Trenching excavations for public utilities involve difficult and dangerous conditions which can lead to injury and/or additional expense. The objectives of this paper are to explain the different types of potential risk that face contractors in carrying out trenching work in Saudi Arabia and to present the safety perception of contractors working in trenching excavation in Saudi Arabia. Data are gathered by surveying contractors involved with public utilities projects in Saudi Arabia. Finally, the paper discusses the safety measures that should be applied in trenching works.     

城市建筑火灾损失与防火安全水平的评价

城市建筑火灾损失的评价旨在对建筑物的各种存在状态和潜在的火灾危害进行一种理论分析和实际评价。对不同类型的建筑物和实际存在的防火安全度，提出了消防安全资金投入比例的一种理论计算方法。通过对几种火灾安全评估模型的分析，确定用表格数值的方法去评价我国现有的建筑防火安全水平，并以此为基础，讨论了城市防火安全评定的有关问题。     

关于住宅建筑电气设计问题的若干思考

从住宅建筑电气设计的目标和基本原则出发,从用电负荷、线缆截面以及配电线路等方面探讨了建筑电气应该注意的问题,以期指导住宅建筑电气设计,确保居民的人身和财产安全。     

某砖混结构住宅楼现浇楼板裂缝安全性鉴定

针对现浇楼板产生裂缝现象较为普遍的现状,结合某住宅楼工程实例,分析了裂缝产生的主要原因,对楼板的可靠性进行了鉴定评估,并对裂缝提出了修复建议,以确保建筑物使用安全。     

Assessment of the factors influencing the maintenance programme of a large university building in Riyadh

The amount of money invested in the building industry in the last two decades in Saudi Arabia is about SR 1251 ($234) billion. The result is a stock of large projects in housing, hospitals, universities (seven in number) etc. These buildings require efficient maintenance programmes to enable them to be serviced properly. Such programmes are handicapped by a number of interrelated factors. Such factors, like the harsh climatic conditions, presence of chlorides and sulphates in soil and water, contracting systems and lack of codes and building standards, have varied influences in maintenance. This paper, attempts to examine these factors through an analysis of the maintenance programmes of a university campus building in Riyadh.     

广州市白云区“城中村”民用建筑消防安全调查研究

广州市目前有城中村136个,但由于规划、建设、管理相对滞后,导致消防安全存在隐患,城中村居民自建房屋不顾规范、群租及住改商储等问题严重。本文通过实地走访,对白云区城中村民用建筑消防安全进行了调查研究。