一种嵌入式仿生测角传感器的设计与实现

模仿沙漠蚂蚁复眼的偏振敏感导航定位机理,设计了一种以光电二极管为光电转换元件、以ARM微处理器为控制处理核心的航向角度测量传感器.分析了仿生测角传感器的工作原理,设计了传感器的硬件结构与软件程序,构建了传感器原理样机.利用精密转台进行角度输出实验,结果表明:该传感器性能稳定,精度较高,能满足实际导航需求.     

组合导航系统离线信息融合算法

获得高精度的载体实际飞行轨迹,是组合导航系统性能评测的重要手段.从组合导航系统研究出发,针对惯性导航系统、姿态(非姿态)型GPS和大气数据计算机多传感器组合导航方式,实现多传感器信息离线融合算法.同类型导航传感器数据采用加权最小二乘算法,并利用开环卡尔曼滤波实现组合导航的信息融合,在此基础上再进行最优固定区间平滑滤波.仿真实验结果表明,经过上述3步信息融合之后,得到的导航结果精度不仅高于任一个传感器精度,而且高于单独采用卡尔曼滤波的导航参数精度.     

低功耗水下自主导航系统设计

以微处理器586 -engine为控制核心,采用模型辅助的自主导航算法设计了一种水下自主导航系统.该系统能够实时采集多个外部传感器数据并对数据进行实时解算,同时满足低成本、低功耗和长航时的要求.搭建了整个系统硬件平台,通过陆上跑车实验对整个实时导航系统进行了满足一定精度的简单实验验证,验证了系统的实时性和可行性.     

基于FPGA新型压电化学传感器的设计与实现

针对研究单位面积上质量变化的传感器要求具有可靠性好、体积小、重量轻、功耗低、速度快和精度高等特点,采用FPGA和单片机技术对压电化学传感器信号进行提取和处理,并在传感器上开发上位机实时监控功能,给出了系统的软硬件设计.仿真实验结果证明,该传感器满足设计要求.     

MEMS SINS-GPS组合导航系统设计

为实现满足中低精度要求的低成本导航系统,选用MEMS惯性传感器研制了捷联式惯性导航系统(SINS);针对MEMS惯性传感器噪声较大和惯性导航系统误差随时间迅速累积的问题,利用小波对MEMS陀螺信号进行了降噪处理,并采用SINS-GPS卡尔曼滤波组合导航系统以消除惯导系统的误差累积,输出较高精度的速度、位置信息.对SINS和组合导航系统进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明所建系统的长时间导航性能有一定改善.     

仿生POL神经元的偏振光导航传感器研究

概要分析了沙蚁等昆虫视觉系统的偏振敏感机理,设计了一种模仿昆虫视觉系统中偏振敏感(POL)神经元的偏振光导航传感器,阐述了传感器的工作原理和主要功能结构,并给出了传感器的实际检测实验结果.实验结果表明,该传感器实现了类POL神经元对大气偏振信息的快速感知,能够实时获取偏振化方向,且具有较高的精度,能够满足偏振光导航的实...     

MEMS技术在车载导航中的应用

基于MEMS技术,对由加速度计、磁场计和倾角传感器构成的车载导航仪进行了理论分析,对系统信息融合和软硬件设计进行了研究.在嵌人式平台上实现了组合导航系统,实时提供车载体的姿态、速度和位置信息,满足导航需求.通过实验对导航系统的可靠性和稳定性进行了分析研究,得出导航系统精度与误差满足车载体导航要求的结论.     

有毒气体无线监测网络设计

设计了一个基于传感器阵列的有毒气体监测网络,采用多类电化学气体传感器采集信号及无线传感器网络进行数据收发和处理,能够在线检测环境中的气体浓度.整个系统功能更加集成化、体积小、很容易与后续处理设备(如空气净化设备)集成并能智能控制后续处理设备.介绍了系统的整体构成、工作原理、无线传感器网络的构建,并进行了信号调理模块线性度测试实验和系统气体浓度检测对比试验.实验表明所研制系统的输出信号能实时测量环境的气体浓度,已经达到了市场上单一气体检测设备的精度.     

一种基于天空光的新型成像式仿生偏振导航传感装置

模仿昆虫偏振导航机理,设计了成像式仿生偏振导航传感装置样机。研究了天空光偏振分布模型,分析了成像式仿生偏振导航传感装置工作原理。解决了一般探测装置解算偏振参数需要上位机辅助的问题,使用CMOS图像传感器和数字信号处理器,实时输出导航角度。进行了室内、室外装置性能测试,获得了3个方向偏振分量标准化强度曲线。实验结果表明:传感装置室内外角度测量误差分别为-0.8°~0.3°,-1.2°~1.4°,能够较高精度地输出导航角度,可以满足实时导航定位的需要。     

基于ARM9和MMC212xMG的数字寻北仪设计

利用地磁进行寻北是一项重要的导航技术。本文设计了一种基于美新公司MEMS地磁传感器MMC212xMG的数字寻北仪,采用S3C2440A微处理器实时读取传感器的地磁测量信息,并对其进行数据处理和校准后送虚拟仪表界面显示。实验结果表明,该系统性能优越,并具有较高的寻北精度。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for papers Special issue on Modeling and control technologies for civil,energy,and power systems

正The control of civil,energy,and power systems presents significant new challenges for modeling and control theory.The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for researchers and practical engineers to discuss the recent advances in modeling and control technology development for civil,energy,and power systems.Prospective authors are invited to submit their original contributions with the focus on theory or applications of modeling,control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate and promote academic exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists everywhere.