甲醇

甲醇甲醇在当代化学工业中占有重要地位，在工业发达国家它的产量仅次于乙烯、丙烯和苯居第四位。目前国际上甲醇消费正处于上升发展趋势，原有的甲醇市场稳步增长，新的甲醇市场随着Ｃ＿１化学的发展、甲醇汽油、甲醇燃料及对ＭＴＢＥ需求量的增加正在迅速增长。我国甲醇...     

甲醇

全球甲醇市场面临新一轮调整。近期一些大型甲醇生产厂的动作预示全球甲醇市场将面临新一轮调整，甲醇市场的动向也更加引人关注。     

甲醇

甲醇１用途甲醇不仅是重要的化工原料，而且还是性能优良的能源和车用燃料。它可直接用作汽车燃料，也可与汽油渗合使用。甲醇作为碳一化工的支柱，以它为原料已工业化生产的产品有：醋酸、醋酐、汽油、乙二醇、烯烃、乙醇、醋酸乙烯等。甲醇作为有机化工的主要原料，国内...     

甲醇

南方化学十月甲醇合同价出台//沙特国际甲醇公司将建第二座甲醇装置//美国关闭德州一甲醇厂//甲苯外盘回暖 华东甲苯持稳//油价下滑，甲苯行情惨淡     

甲醇合成及甲醇合成塔

简要介绍了甲醇合成反应及其热力学和动力学要求。根据催化剂的不同，对甲醇几种合成工艺进行了对比。并对国内外流行的几种合成塔进行了介绍和分析，以期对新上甲醇厂选择合成塔有所帮助。     

甲醇技术新进展

介绍了美国加州禁止在汽油中使用MTBE的政策背景及其对甲醇市场造成的影响；加然技术改造可以显著降低生产成本，但由于现代甲醇装置已经很经济，因而其作用相当有限；甲醇行业必须在甲醇产品应用方面进行技术开发，以扩大市场需求量；比较了甲醇燃料与液化天然气燃料的优劣，认为甲醇不能简单地替代液化天然气燃料；甲醇用作燃料电池具有光明的前景，详细论述了甲醇在燃料电池的应用以及燃料电池的开发进展情况；ICI低压合成法是当今世界上最具代表性的甲醇生产工艺之一，对此工艺的特点及应用做了介绍，指出工艺发展的关键因素是一种新型，高活性和高选择性的催化剂；介绍了ENIP甲醇厂的技术改造情况；分析了一氧化碳对甲醇合成催化剂性能的影响。     

甲醇

4月第二周初，除西南地区甲醇行情大幅走高50元／吨至2300—2400元／吨，其他地区甲醇行情暂以平稳为主。     

甲醇市场

由于美国MTBE的禁用，目前甲醇市场的需求略有萎缩，与此同时大批新建装置却在投入运行。装置规模的不断扩大，增强了甲醇在各种新的应用领域的竞争力，二甲基醚、甲醇制烯烃等新的终端用途技术已投入使用。面对行业中竞相出现的各种结构变化，甲醇市场将何去何从呢？     

甲醇燃料电池

作（西川佳弘，日本汽车部件综合研究所）曾提出一种结构新颖的甲醇燃料电池（特许出愿平1－52952）。电池用的燃料是固态甲醇，其氧化剂极与燃料极相向配置，中间隔着电解质。向燃料极供给固态甲醇发生的甲醇蒸气，同时向氧化剂极供给作为氧化剂气体的空气。     

甲醇市场分析

介绍了甲醇的生产工艺、国内外生产状况、国内需求，甲醇的深层加工。分析了甲醇的价格走势，指出开发甲醇下游产品有广阔的发展前景。     

HYDRAULICS AND EFFICIENCY OF SCREEN TRAYS FOR DISTILLATION

Screen trays are proprietary devices similar to sieve trays which are used in distillation and absorption applications. The pressure drop, liquid holdup and entrainment are measured for screen trays in an air/water column and compared to results obtained with sieve trays. The effciencies of both types of trays were compared in a distillation column using systems of various physical properties (methanol/water, acetic acid/water and cyclohexane/n-heptane mixtures). It was found that the screen tray has a lower dry pressure drop, higher liquid holdup, lower entrainment and weeping, and higher jet flooding capacity than the sieve tray. However, the effciencies of both trays are similar for the systems studied. A model was developed for predicting total pressure drop for screen trays using an air/water column. The model was tested using results for methanol/water, cyclohexane/n-heptane and acetic acid/water systems at total reflux. The deviations are within +/- 20% for 90% of the data points. The effect of a bed of mesh packing on the screen tray was also studied. It was found that the packing led to a higher tray effciency, but resulted in a higher tray pressure drop.     

导向浮阀塔板在煤化工中的应用

导向浮阀塔板是一种新型高效的浮阀型塔板,对于煤化工中的脱苯塔、蒸氨塔和甲醇塔等气液传质设备,用导向浮阀塔板改造后,可获得显著的经济效益。主要介绍了导向浮阀塔板的特点及其在煤化工中的工业应用情况。     

大牛地气田甲醇回收工艺改造效果分析

针对大牛地气田甲醇污水处理站冬季塔底出水甲醇含量不能稳定地达到设计要求,分析了原甲醇回收工艺存在的问题,通过更换精馏塔塔板、重新设计并更换重沸器和其它设备以及对部分工艺流程改造后,使塔底水甲醇含量能够稳定在0.1%以下,满足回注水质控制要求,不但避免了对环境的污染,而且还取得一定的经济效益。     

Hydraulics and efficiency of screen trays for distillation

Screen trays are proprietary devices similar to sieve trays which are used in distillation and absorption applications. The pressure drop, liquid holdup and entrainment are measured for screen trays in an air/water column and compared to results obtained with sieve trays. The effciencies of both types of trays were compared in a distillation column using systems of various physical properties (methanol/water, acetic acid/water and cyclohexane/n-heptane mixtures). It was found that the screen tray has a lower dry pressure drop, higher liquid holdup, lower entrainment and weeping, and higher jet flooding capacity than the sieve tray. However, the effciencies of both trays are similar for the systems studied. A model was developed for predicting total pressure drop for screen trays using an air/water column. The model was tested using results for methanol/water, cyclohexane/n-heptane and acetic acid/water systems at total reflux. The deviations are within +/- 20% for 90% of the data points. The effect of a bed of mesh packing on the screen tray was also studied. It was found that the packing led to a higher tray effciency, but resulted in a higher tray pressure drop.     

Effects of surface tension on tray point efficiencies

Sieve tray efficiencies for the distillation of methanol/water, acetic acid/water and cyclohexane/n-heptane mixtures were measured as a function of composition under fixed vapour and liquid rates in a 0.15 m diameter distillation column. Experimental results show that surface tension has a significant effect on tray efficiency and the number of transfer units. Further tests in a simulator column with air/water, air/methanol and air/(water + surfactant) systems having different surface tensions revealed that bubble sizes in froths are mainly determined by surface tension. The results also show that bubble break-up and coalescence occurs in the froths.     

Simulation of a distillation column with nonequimolar mass transfer in the production of methylamines

Theoretically substantiated expressions are suggested for estimating the tray efficiency in distillation with nonequimolar mass transfer. Binary interaction parameters are presented for the UNIQUAC calculation of the vapor-liquid equilibrium in the six-component system consisting of water, methanol, ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine. An approach to simulating the operation of tray columns with nonequimolar mass transfer is proposed.     

Removal of acetic acid from water by catalytic distillation. Part 1: Experimental studies

Catalytic distillation experiments were carried out in a 100 mm diameter column for the removal of dilute acetic acid from water. The column was installed with a novel internal composed of alternating a dualflow tray and a catalyst basket. Amberlyst 15 was used as a catalyst to accelerate the esterification of acetic acid with methanol. The effects of various operating parameters on the acid removal were investigated. For the feed which contains 2.5 to 9.9 wt% of acetic acid in water, more than 50 wt% of acetic acid can be recovered as methyl acetate in the 1.5 meter high test column.     

蒸馏塔板上汽液传质系数的确定——非平衡池法(Ⅱ)实验数据处理

对文献报道的塔板操作数据用非平衡池法进行了分析处理.单相阻力控制系统(氨吸收)数据的处理结果与AIChE关联一致.对双相阻力控制系统(甲醇-水蒸馏)数据的处理表明,筛板汽相传质系数比AIChE关联的计算值高约20—70%.文中详细讨论了实验数据处理中各种问题的解决方法.结果表明,本文提出的传质系数确定方法比效率法和化学法更合理和方便.     

水冷-气冷复合塔式甲醇合成系统模拟分析

对水冷-气冷复合塔式甲醇合成反应系统进行了模拟计算,确定了甲醇合成回路的主要工艺参数,分析了温度、压力、合成气组成、循环比等对甲醇合成系统的影响,对副产蒸汽量和参数进行了估算。     

Offset‐Free Inferential Feedback Control of Distillation Compositions Based on PCR and PLS Models

An offset‐free inferential feedback control strategy for distillation composition control using principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) models is presented in this paper. PCR and PLS model based software sensors are developed from process operational data so that the top and bottom product compositions can be estimated from multiple tray temperature measurements. The PCR and PLS software sensors are then used in the feedback control of the top and bottom product compositions. With this strategy the problem of substantial time delay in composition analyzer based control and of substantial bias in single tray temperature control can be overcome. A practically very important issue in software sensor based feedback control is that static control offsets often exist due to a static estimation bias, especially when the process operating condition changes. A technique for eliminating the static estimation bias and the resulting static control offsets through mean updating of process measurements is proposed in this paper. Applications to a simulated methanol‐water separation column demonstrate the effectiveness of this control strategy.