创意产业与城市再生

探讨了创意产业与城市再生之间的关系,阐述了创意产业在城市再生中的四个作用:提高城市竞争力、增加城市就业、延续城市文脉、塑造城市景观特色,并指出创意产业园区是城市再生的新模式.     

湘潭市河西沿江旧城保护与更新规划

结合湘潭市河西沿江旧城保护与更新项目,从物质和精神层面来探讨旧城更新中历史文化的保护和延续问题,以期保存城市记忆,延续城市历史文脉。     

我国创意城市发展理念之反思

重点关注我国构建创意城市过程中片面的概念理解、空洞趋同的目标定位和单一的建设模式三方面的问题,在前人研究成果的基础上以城市创意氛围、创意特质为视角重新诠释创意城市的本质,并将其在创新活动的不同阶段——创意理念的产生直至形成一定规模的产业——渗入到城市的经济、社会和政策法规层面,以此指导创意城市的合理定位和多样化模式的建设,从而使其拥有更健康美好且可持续的发展前景。     

论创意阶层与城市发展

当代社会,知识与创意正在替代传统自然资源和有形劳动成为城市经济增长的主要源泉,而创意型人才则自然而然成为城市可持续发展的决定性力量.创意阶层作为工人阶层、服务阶层之外兴起的又一个新的社会阶层,是培育基于学习、革新和时尚生活方式的新城市经济动力.从地理上看,创意阶层具有独特的区位偏好,创意阶层往往集中在那些能够提供宽松的社会氛围和各种就业机会的多样化城市和区域,创意阶层的密集度与地方多样性呈正相关.从城市发展来看,创意阶层的相对密度与地方经济增长呈正相关,一个城市和地区对于移民、艺术家、同性恋、波希米亚风以及社会经济和种族融合的开放程度与其经济质量的高低有着密切的关系,而创意阶层的集中程度与地方创新和高科技产业生长也有一定的相关性,创意阶层集中的城市往往也是创新和高科技产业发达的创意中心.     

文化与商业的平衡:政府在创意产业园建设中的角色

创意产业园的发展正面临着商业资本的挑战,其根源在于经济利益的驱动和政府认识上的误区。本文分析了创意产业园应发挥的盘活闲置厂房、带动周边地区开发、增长极、促进创新、孵化中小企业、延续和发展城市文脉等作用,并在此基础上指出其应具有的场所的稳定与合法、完善的基础设施、低门槛与多样性、创意场、公共服务平台、对历史元素的保护等要素,进而建议了政策引导和协调利益分配等解决的对策。     

浅谈历史风貌建筑的保护与更新

论述了我国历史风貌建筑保护及修复的一般认识现状,并通过对具体实例的保护、修复及更新方法提出理论依据及具体实施措施,总结出相应的历史风貌建筑保护与更新的手段,讨论对于历史风貌建筑应注重其存在的问题并指出其研究方向。     

Identifying regional landscapes for conservation planning: a case study from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

The application of landscape ecology in conservation biology has rarely occurred in the context of defined landscapes. Conservation planning has focussed on representation of species diversity patterns and assumed that ecosystems, landscapes and their associated processes will be equally protected. The long-term persistence of biodiversity in the face of land transformations and global change requires the representation and retention of all elements of biodiversity. This biodiversity includes landscapes, and the landscape structure and processes that maintain patterns of biodiversity. We developed a method of classifying landscapes for the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The process entailed the use of 1 km² grid data from climate and terrain databases. Principal components analysis coupled with a cluster classification method and spatial overlay techniques were used to identify two hierarchical levels of landscapes. Validation analysis showed that landscapes are identifiable with a classification accuracy of 86.8%. The derived landscapes can be combined separately with data on vegetation and soil to describe landscape ecosystems that potentially differ in species composition, successional dynamics, and potential productivity. The surrogate use of the landscapes in conjunction with other strategic data, for the identification of priority conservation areas, is demonstrated.     

The nature of cultural landscapes — a nature conservation perspective

This paper explores the reasons for the growing interest in cultural landscapes in nature conservation circles. It contains a brief discourse on nature and culture, emphasizing the declining power of the idea of pristine wilderness, the realization that many disturbed ecosystems are important to conservation, that agri-biodiversity is a resource to be protected along with wild biodiversity, and the need to find models of sustainable land use. Examples are given, at the global (World Heritage Convention), European and national levels, of the way in which the growing interest in cultural landscapes manifests itself; special attention is given to the category of protected area known as 'protected landscape/seascape'. Finally, the author identifies the major natural qualities found in cultural landscapes which will assist in understanding, identifying and protecting those features of value.     

Geographic information systems and the conservation of urban biodiversity

Planners in urban areas face a dilemma when deciding the future of sites with both conservation and development value. This paper examines the development of a simple geographic information system in Leeds, England, to enable planners to record and assess the ecological value of sites proposed for development. It goes on to explore the potential for developing similar local level data bases for use in the New Zealand urban context.     

重庆历史文化遗产保护观念的发展

从回顾重庆历史文化遗产保护观念的发展历程开始,分析了当前对历史文化遗产保护观念影响的几大主要因素,并力图制定出相关的解决措施,从而明确重庆历史文化遗产保护观念的重要性.     

浅析人居环境建设中城市历史文化的延承

历史文化的传承既是城市建设发展中不容忽视的重要方面。也是我国人居环境可持续发展的主要内容之一。如何延续和发扬我国城市的历史文化传统,实现城市文化的复兴和飞跃,是规划者必须认真思考的问题。     

高铁对沿线野生动物空间分布的影响特征及生境适宜性评价——以京广高铁武汉乌龙泉段为例

高铁作为中国重要的交通基础设施,其建设和运营不可避免会对沿线环境造成不同程度的影响。解析高铁对沿线生境的干扰特征,是实现沿线野生动物保护的重要途径。基于京广高铁武汉乌龙泉段乡野样本地的长期红外相机监测结果,分析高铁对沿线野生动物空间分布的影响特征,并筛选出当地陆地野生动物代表物种小麂,提取其分布点数据,利用最大熵(Max Ent)模型预测小麂生境适宜区分布,分析气候、地形、人类干扰和水源4类环境变量的影响程度。结果表明：1)高铁对狗獾和黄鼬造成空间阻隔效应显著;2)小麂、白鹇、黄鼬、狗獾和貉均对高铁产生回避效应;3)代表物种小麂的适宜生境主要分布于核心区的中部,距离高铁的远近是影响小麂生境适宜性的主要因素,且高铁对小麂生境的最大影响距离约为1 500m。根据野生动物生境区因高铁建设而受到干扰的情况,通过增加水源点、营造适宜动物生存的植被空间等措施促进其受损生境修复。研究结果可为高铁沿线受损生境的空间识别和修复提供参考。     

Planning history research in China: past,present, and future

Chinese planning history research has gradually developed out of architectural and construction history. Its main foci have been the periodization of planning practice and the long-term evolution in the form of modern cities. So far, there has been little work on the main body of practice, planning procedure, implementation, and effectiveness. The authors argue that it is time to shift the approach of planning history and explore how it can best contribute at a practical level to the theory and practice of planning in China.     

Biotic condition assessment and the implication for lake fish conservation: a case study of Lake Qionghai, China

Conserving fish in lakes requires the systematic analysis and assessment of fish species. The issues, conservation needs and fish assemblage changes are described for Lake Qionghai (China). The annual fishery production (AFP) was analysed from 1949 to 2003, which indicated a high disturbance of the aquatic ecosystem in Lake Qionghai caused especially by fisheries. The continuous increase in AFP and the introduction of economically important fish species have changed the fish species structure and diversity of the lake. Only five of 20 native fish species remained extant in 2003. The alien species accounted for 83.58% of the total fish production in 2003. Scoring criteria for 10 indexes of biotic integrity (IBI metrics) were selected for Lake Qionghai. The overall IBI score decreased from 40 in the 1940s to 26 in the 1980s to 20 in 2003. Changes in biotic condition were mainly caused by the destruction of fish physical habitat, pollution, bycatch and the invasion of alien species. Based on the IBI analysis, an ecosystem approach was developed for fish conservation in Lake Qionghai, including conservation at the watershed scale, habitat improvement and restoration, rebuilding of aquatic ecosystems and adaptive ecosystem-based fishery management.     

Impolite landscapes? The influence of local economic and cultural factors in garden history: a case study of tyne and wear

The study of garden history derives from roots planted firmly in art history. As it has matured as a subject it has gradually begun to look more broadly at what constitutes an historic landscape and make links with other disciplines of landscape study. This paper reports on a study of parks and gardens in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear. It argues that to understand the garden history of this area, traditionally unfashionable and essentially industrial, a restricted art historical approach is inadequate. An understanding of a complex web of economic and cultural factors is required. Issues which emerged in the research are explored through a series of themes based on site types.     

Serendipitous conservation: faith-to-faith conversion of historic churches in Buffalo

ABSTRACT

US cities with shrinking populations have faced tremendous challenges in conserving their built heritage. Often, conservation work involves adaptively reusing existing buildings. Most reuse activity is fuelled by the developer and market-driven rehabilitation of historic properties through tax credits and other incentives. Places of worship like churches, however, are difficult to rehabilitate, and cities lose this urban heritage after years of vacancy and neglect, and eventual demolition. In many shrinking cities, particularly those now welcoming new immigrants and refugees, serendipitous conservation of vacant churches through faith-to-faith conversion can be an asset to local planners and preservationists in their fight to save urban heritage from demolition. This paper examines two former Roman Catholic Churches in the City of Buffalo: one converted into an Islamic mosque, and another into a Buddhist temple, to argue that faith-to-faith conversions can be a viable tool for other US cities experiencing similar threats to their urban heritage.     

海派创意文化的空间产出演进研究

文化创意园集聚区的快速发展,促进了上海文化产业的发展,使之逐步在上海经济建设中占据重要的角色.本文通过这些建筑形式空间生产衍生出来的产业价值的背景入手,着重分析了发展和形成这两个方面,并分别以泰康路田子坊和莫干山路 M50创意园个案来分析这种城市肌理的特色语汇,并描述其相关设施的改善以及政府的支持力度辅助形成的当前格局.     

"创意产业"与旧工业建筑及其地段的再利用

"创意产业"与旧工业建筑及其地段再利用相结合,是保护与再利用旧工业建筑、延续历史文脉、塑造城市创意环境的一种良好的方式。文章探讨了"创意产业"与旧工业建筑及其地段再利用相结合的优势,通过实例分析了存在的问题并提出解决对策。     

市场经济背景下的城市遗产保护--以上海市卢湾区思南路花园住宅区为例

城市遗产属于公共利益的范畴,国家政府作为保证公共利益的行为主体制定城市遗产保护、使用、发展的准则,确定适宜的灵活多样的保护政策和运作机制.保护规划应该具有保证公共利益的特点.