瓷砖表面防晒类护肤品指印的紫外光谱特性研究

目的:运用紫外光谱成像技术检验瓷砖表面护肤品指印,利用指印的紫外光谱影像集及紫外光谱曲线图分析其对紫外线反射及吸收性质,为潜在指纹提取提供技术支持.方法:运用紫外光谱成像技术显现防晒类护肤品指印,分析实验结果,总结实验数据,获得最佳提取波段.结果:紫外光谱成像技术是瓷砖表面防晒类护肤品指印提取和检验的有效手段.结论:紫外光谱成像技术能够显现防晒类护肤品指印,但其显现效果受指印载体的材质、颜色、表面性质及护肤品的成分的影响.     

多功能潜在印痕显现提取系统的研制及应用

本文主要研究显现提取现场潜在物证的光学探测技术,研制“多功能潜在印痕显现提取系统”及其应用,该系统由二部分组成：一是用于实验室检测的“HGXJ-803全光谱特种照相取证仪”;二是用于案发现场检测的“UVR-1便携式全光谱照相机”。实践表明该系统可以有效显现人眼看不见的潜在痕迹物证,提高对现场潜在物证的显现和提取能力．为侦查破案提供技术支撑。     

弧面面光源光学显现光滑弧形表面潜在指印

目的：研究弧面光滑客体上潜在指纹的光学显现和照相技术方法。方法：分别采用点光源、平面面光源、弧面面光源,使用暗视场、小偏角定向反射配光技术光学显现潜在指印进行实验分析。结果：使用弧面面光源光学显现的指印布光均匀,可以避免在指印局部出现光斑或能将光斑布满指印,光学显现的指印完整清晰。结论：使用弧面面光源进行暗视场或小偏角定向反射配光法均可无损显现光滑弧形表面上潜在指印。     

光谱成像及分析技术鉴别假币的研究

目的:形成一种适用于假币鉴别的光谱成像及分析方法.方法:利用成像光谱仪采集真、假币的光谱影像集,运用分类(Classify)方法对检材(真、假人民币)的光谱影像集进行分析和处理.结果:得到具有明显差别的真、假人民币的伪色影像.结论:利用光谱成像及分析技术可以对假币进行鉴别,鉴别结果形象直观,具有较强的说服力.     

环形LED多波段光源成像系统的研制及应用

目的：研究显现、提取现场潜在物证的新设备及其应用。方法：研制环形LED多波段光源;以该光源为基础,集成红紫外相机、载物台等设备组成相关的成像系统;研究该系统在显现、提取现场潜在物证方面的应用。结果：成功研制出环形LED多波段光源成像系统;该系统在实际案件中得到了成功应用。结论：环形LED多波段光源成像系统为显现、提取现场潜在物证提供了一种新设备,该设备集成了多波段光源和成像系统,提高了对现场潜在物证的提取能力。     

红外照相技术及应用（Ⅱ）

红外照相技术及应用（Ⅱ）中国科学院遥感应用研究所钱育华５．滤光镜滤光镜又称滤光片、滤色镜、滤色片、滤光器、滤色器，是一种吸光介质，是照相机光学系统的一部分，能使通过的光线改变光谱成分，有其严格的光学要求，否则会引起影像变形、降低成像质量。黑白红外与彩...     

摄像机中成像器件的工作原理（上）——固态传感器的像素结构及信号传输方式

顾名思义，成像器件就是成像设备中捕获光学图像的元件。在成像系统中，成像器件位于光学系统成像面的位置上(图1)，景物通过镜头在成像面上形成光学影像。在曝光期间，处于成像面上的成像器件完成对光学影像的捕获：对摄影机来说，处于成像面的是银盐胶片，曝光期间银盐胶片发生了光化学反应，光学影像在银盐中形成银的潜影；对于摄像机来说，处于成像面的是固态传感器，     

紫外反射成像技术显现弧面客体上的潜在指印

目的:研究显现、提取遗留在弧面客体上的潜在指印的方法。方法:采用短波紫外反射成像技术对遗留在玻璃、塑料、金属等7种材料的弧面客体上的潜在指印进行显现、提取。结果:潜在指印的有效显现率为71.4%。结论:短波紫外反射成像技术可以避免玻璃等材料的弧面出现光斑,消除指印的背景干扰,可以有效显现、提取遗留在玻璃等弧面客体上的潜在指印。     

高速窄带多光谱成像系统光谱重建技术研究

光谱成像技术可以同时从光谱维和空间维上获取被测目标的信息，即结合了空间成像系统和光谱检测系统的功能，因此近年在影像获取与处理领域中倍受重视。本论文基于窄带多光谱成像技术建立八通道CCD多光谱成像系统，它能够实时采集八个通道的图像，获得波长分布从可见到红外（420-940nm）八个波段的光谱响应值。在此基础上对图像进行位置配准、反射率定标、采用插值算法获得其它波段光谱响应值，最终能够获取图像中任意一点的光谱反射率及颜色参数。实验结果表明，本文使用的三次样条插值法对原始光谱图像进行平滑操作的方法是有效的，能够以一定精度模拟出目标物点的真实光谱特性。该系统在动态目标检测识别、艺术品评价复制等领域有着广阔的应用前景。     

特制扑克上潜在印记的光学检测

目的:研究显现和提取用于"诈赌"的特制扑克牌上潜在印记的方法。方法:采用蓝绿光作为激发光,照射具有潜在印记的扑克牌(共60张),透过红橙色长波通滤光镜观察并拍摄记录潜在印记。结果:成功显现了60张扑克牌上的潜在印记。其中,采用450nm的蓝激光作为激发光,透过580nm的橙色长波通滤光镜拍照,成像结果反差较大,潜在印记清晰可见。结论:光致发光成像技术是显现和提取扑克牌上的潜在印记的有效方法。     

Fluorescence spectral imaging for characterization of tissue based on multivariate statistical analysis

A novel spectral imaging method for the classification of light-induced autofluorescence spectra based on principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate statistical analysis technique commonly used for studying the statistical characteristics of spectral data, is proposed and investigated. A set of optical spectral filters related to the diagnostically relevant principal components is proposed to process autofluorescence signals optically and generate principal component score images of the examined tissue simultaneously. A diagnostic image is then formed on the basis of an algorithm that relates the principal component scores to tissue pathology. With autofluorescence spectral data collected from nasopharyngeal tissue in vivo, a set of principal component filters was designed to process the autofluorescence signal, and the PCA-based diagnostic algorithms were developed to classify the spectral signal. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed spectral imaging system can differentiate carcinoma lesions from normal tissue with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 93%. The optimal design of principal filters and the optimal selection of PCA-based algorithms were investigated to improve the diagnostic accuracy. The robustness of the spectral imaging method against noise in the autofluorescence signal was studied as well.     

Scene illuminant classification: brighter is better

Knowledge of the scene illuminant spectral power distribution is useful for many imaging applications, such as color image reproduction and automatic algorithms for image database applications. In many applications accurate spectral characterization of the illuminant is impossible because the input device acquires only three spectral samples. In such applications it is sensible to set a more limited objective of classifying the illuminant as belonging to one of several likely types. We describe a data set of natural images with measured illuminants for testing illuminant classification algorithms. One simple type of algorithm is described and evaluated by using the new data set. The empirical measurements show that illuminant information is more reliable in bright regions than in dark regions. Theoretical predictions of the algorithm's classification performance with respect to scene illuminant blackbody color temperature are tested and confirmed by using the natural-image data set.     

轮胎温度场的有限元分析

针对三维内热源的温度场问题,推导了温度场的有限元“刚度”及热载荷,并考虑到轮胎的结构复杂性,使用六节点五面体及八节点六面体单元,分析了子午线轮胎的温度场,并用红外热像系统进行了实验验证.结果表明,计算方法是可行的.      

Identification of recently handled materials by analysis of latent human fingerprints using infrared spectromicroscopy

Analysis of fingerprints has predominantly focused on matching the pattern of ridges to a specific person as a form of identification. The present work focuses on identifying extrinsic materials that are left within a person's fingerprint after recent handling of such materials. Specifically, we employed infrared spectromicroscopy to locate and positively identify microscopic particles from a mixture of common materials in the latent human fingerprints of volunteer subjects. We were able to find and correctly identify all test substances based on their unique infrared spectral signatures. Spectral imaging is demonstrated as a method for automating recognition of specific substances in a fingerprint. We also demonstrate the use of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and synchrotron-based infrared spectromicroscopy for obtaining high-quality spectra from particles that were too thick or too small, respectively, for reflection/absorption measurements. We believe the application of this rapid, nondestructive analytical technique to the forensic study of latent human fingerprints has the potential to add a new layer of information available to investigators. Using fingerprints to not only identify who was present at a crime scene, but also to link who was handling key materials, will be a powerful investigative tool.     

由专利看柯达公司热交联CTP版的发明及改进过程

对柯达热交联 Ｃ Ｔ Ｐ 版申请的有关专利进行了研究，对其设计思路及具体配方的改进作了介绍。柯达发明的热交联 Ｃ Ｔ Ｐ 涉及一种新型的光敏组成物，其基本组成为（１） 可熔性酚醛树脂，（２） 线型酚醛树脂，（３） 潜在的质子酸，（４） 红外吸收剂。用红外激光直接制版时，红外吸收剂和潜在的质子酸均分解并产生酸，在曝光后的预热处理过程中，酸起催化作用使两种酚醛树脂交联固化，形成不溶于碱性显影液的物质。对其存在的需要预热处理过程的不足以及今后的改进方向作了探讨。     

Restoration and spectral recovery of mid-infrared chemical images

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy is a powerful technique for label-free chemical imaging that has supplied important chemical information about heterogeneous samples for many problems across a variety of disciplines. State-of-the-art synchrotron based infrared (IR) microspectrometers can yield high-resolution images, but are truly diffraction limited for only a small spectral range. Furthermore, a fundamental trade-off exists between the number of pixels, acquisition time and the signal-to-noise ratio, limiting the applicability of the technique. The recently commissioned infrared synchrotron beamline, infrared environmental imaging (IRENI), overcomes this trade off and delivers 4096-pixel diffraction limited IR images with high signal-to-noise ratio in under a minute. The spatial oversampling for all mid-IR wavelengths makes the IRENI data ideal for spatial image restoration techniques. Here, we measured and fitted wavelength-dependent point-spread-functions (PSFs) at IRENI for a 74× objective between the sample plane and detector. Noise-free wavelength-dependent theoretical PSFs are deconvoluted from images generated from narrow bandwidths (4 cm(-1)) over the entire mid-infrared range (4000-900 cm(-1)). The stack of restored images is used to reconstruct the spectra. Restored images of metallic test samples with features that are 2.5 μm and smaller are clearly improved in comparison to the raw data images for frequencies above 2000 cm(-1). Importantly, these spatial image restoration methods also work for samples with vibrational bands in the recorded mid-IR fingerprint region (900-1800 cm(-1)). Improved signal-to-noise spectra are reconstructed from the restored images as demonstrated for a mixture of spherical polystyrene beads in a polyurethane matrix. Finally, a freshly thawed retina tissue section is used to demonstrate the success of deconvolution achievable with a heterogeneous, irregularly shaped, biologically relevant sample with distinguishing spectroscopic features across the entire mid-IR spectral range.     

Demonstration of a computed-tomography imaging spectrometer using a computer-generated hologram disperser

We have constructed a computed-tomography imaging spectrometer that uses a phase-only computer-generated hologram (CGH) array illuminator as the disperser. This imaging spectrometer collects multiplexed spatial and spectral data simultaneously and can be used for flash spectral imaging. The CGH disperser has been designed to maintain nearly equal spectral diffraction efficiency among a 5 x 5 array of diffraction orders and to minimize diffraction efficiency into higher orders. Reconstruction of the (x, y, lambda) image cube from the raw, two-dimensional data is achieved by computed-tomography techniques. The reconstructed image and spectral-signature data compare favorably with measurements by other spectrometric methods.     

A frame-based approach for wideband correlation-inversion of lossless scatterers

Presented here is an ultra-wideband-correlation-based scheme for imaging and inversion of an unknown weak and lossless scatterer embedded in a known background medium. The scheme uses an excitation and reception of ultra wideband/short-pulsed fields by an array of transducers located outside the imaging domain. The scatterer image is formed by cross correlating (in the short-pulsed domain or via spectral integration in the ultra wideband domain) the numerically/ analytically back-propagated, measured, and scattered data set with the forward-propagation excitations. It is shown that in the ultra wideband domain, the forward-backward propagation functions form a frame set in a finite Hilbert space. Within the weak scattering assumption (Born approximation) the scatterer's image and object function (velocity profile) are related via the corresponding frame operator. Therefore, an exact inversion scheme of the frame operator is readily available to yield the object function via an iterative scheme or using the dual frame set. Numerical examples that demonstrate the performance of the imaging and inversion schemes for scatterers with various velocity profiles are presented. It is shown that the scatterer image is generally of poor resolution. However, on inversion, a high-quality velocity profile is obtained that captures the scatterer fine details.