OA:群雄缘何逐鹿

提起ERP、CAD、PDM或者财务软件，你总会立刻想起Oracle、SAP、利玛、并捷、和佳、金思维、用友、金蝶、UGS、PTC、欧特克、开目、艾克斯特、新洲、CAXA等等这些在行业内赫赫有名的软件厂商，但是提起OA，知道的人却少之又少，因此OA市场无“老大”也成了一个无需去争议的事实。     

农业大田信息监测系统

<正>1概述在现有的耕地及草场、绿化、林木、土地、山地、沙地上,按照需求布置相应测量点,对区域内不同深度的土壤温度、土壤水分等关系植、作物、林木等长势相关的土壤墒情信息,以及温度、湿度、光照、雨量、风速、风向、气压等空间环境信息的数据     

中国PROFIBUS & PROFINET协会组织(CPA)2011’技术论文大赛

鉴于PROFIBUS&PROFINET总线技术的先进性、成熟性和广泛的适用性,一直受到高度的关注和选择,并不断在我国石油化工、汽车、矿山、冶金、电力、交通、制药、水利、水处理、食品、楼宇等自动化领域广泛应用。国内许多自     

中核苏阀科技实业股份有限公司

正中核苏阀科技实业股份有限公司是在承袭中国核工业集团公司苏州阀门厂的品牌、质保、技术制造和管理诸优势的基础上创立的股份有限公司,拥有十五家集商贸、机械制造、生物技术、核辐射利用等子公司的大型企业。公司于1997年在深交所上市,公司证券代码000777。目前公司能制造碳钢、不锈钢、超低碳不锈钢、合金钢、蒙乃尔和钛等特殊合金材料的阀门,能够承接各类大工程阀门的订单。公司采用ANSI、API、MSS、JIS、BS、DIN、NF、GB和JB等标准进行阀门的设计、制造、测试和验收。     

CMF＇08＋CFF＇08力推中国锻压业发展——访中国锻压协会副秘书长齐俊河先生

记者：CMF’08和CFF’08即将开展，请您介绍一下本届展会的最新进展情况。齐副秘书长：截止到目前，本届展览会共有90多家一流的锻压设备、模具和材料的展商，分别来自中国、德国、日本、美国、意大利、法国、瑞典、西班牙和荷兰等十几个国家，包括舒勒、金丰、小松产机、隔而固、SMSMEER、Lasco、扬锻、徐锻、稼本、理研、湖州机床、     

小常识

低碳经济包括的领域低碳经济几乎涵盖了所有的产业的领域。著名学者林辉称之为"第五次全球产业浪潮",并首次把低碳内涵延展为:低碳社会、低碳经济、低碳生产、低碳消费、低碳生活、低碳城市、低碳社区、低碳家庭、低碳旅游、低碳文化、低碳哲学、低碳艺术、低碳音乐、低碳人生、低碳生存主义。     

两项摩擦学科项目荣获2008年高等学校科学研究优秀成果奖

由钱林茂、肖旭东、周仲荣、雒建斌、孙庆平、温诗铸（完成人单位分别为：西南交通大学、香港科技大学、清华大学）主持完成的《纳米间隙中固一液界面微观粘着和摩擦的行为、机理与控制研究》和清华大学田煜、孟永钢、温诗铸、张敏梁、     

《现代科学仪器》征稿启事

《现代科学仪器》是在国家有关领导人和著名科学家的指导和大力支持下诞生的。它是中国科技核心期刊,是国内最重要的以介绍和评论国内外仪器为主的综合性科技期刊。读者对象为各行各业实验室、试验室、研究室应用与维护仪器的科技人员及购置与管理仪器设备的人员;从事高技术及其产品研制生产的科技人员;各级有关管理决策人员;大专院校师生等。涉及物理、化学、生物、医疗卫生、制药、农业、地矿、机械、电子、石油、化工、冶金、能源、交通、环保、建筑、轻工、商检、技术监督等各项科技领域。     

TNG系列多功能提取浓缩回收机组

<正>成都永泰制药化工机械厂是专业生产制药机械、化工机械、食品机械成套设备的厂家。其生产的TNG系列多功能提取浓缩回收机组适用于中药、生化、食品等行业的常压、水煎、温浸、强循环渗漉、芳香油提取和有机溶媒回收及提取液、中药、植物、动物、食品、化工液料的浓缩。     

基于RAM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式移动机器人平台设计

分析了传统移动机器人系统存在的缺点,基于当前对移动机器人功能要求的提高,提出了一种基于ARM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的移动机器人系统,给出了功能设计、结构设计、硬件设计、软件设计的系统设计过程.该机器人平台具有层次化、模块化、结构化、易扩展、可移植、可定制、硬件体积小、功耗低、实时性强、可靠性高等优点.同时经过简单的硬件调整和软件定制,就能适用于保安机器人、排爆机器人、导游机器人、娱乐机器人、家庭服务机器人等不同的移动机器人平台.     

Mice embryology: A microscopic overview

In this work, we studied the embryology of mice of 12, 14, and 18 days of gestation by gross observation, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Grossly, the embryos of 12 days were observed in C‐shaped region of the brain, eye pigmentation of the retina, first, second, and third pharyngeal arches gill pit nasal region on the fourth ventricle brain, cervical curvature, heart, liver, limb bud thoracic, spinal cord, tail, umbilical cord, and place of the mesonephric ridge. Microscopically, the liver, cardiovascular system and spinal cord were observed. In the embryo of 14 days, we observed structures that make up the liver and heart. At 18 days of gestation fetuses, it was noted the presence of eyes, mouth, and nose in the cephalic region, chest and pelvic region with the presence of well‐developed limbs, umbilical cord, and placenta. Scanning electron microscopy in 18 days of gestation fetuses evidenced head, eyes closed eyelids, nose, vibrissae, forelimb, heart, lung, kidney, liver, small bowel, diaphragm, and part of the spine. The results obtained in this work describe the internal and external morphology of mice, provided by an integration of techniques and review of the morphological knowledge of the embryonic development of this species, as this animal is of great importance to scientific studies. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

聚焦型微通道内气泡生成特性数值模拟

微气泡因具有比表面积小和稳定性好等特点被广泛应用于污水处理和矿物浮选等领域。为了高效获得稳定的微气泡,利用COMSOL软件研究了聚焦型微通道中气、液相流速、表面张力、液相黏度和壁面润湿性对气泡生成的影响。结果表明：当气相流速增加时,气相克服表面张力的能力增强,气泡的脱离尺寸和频率增大,脱离时间减小;液相流速增加时作用在微气泡上的惯性力和剪切力增大,气泡脱离时间和脱离尺寸均减小;表面张力增大时气泡脱离时间和脱离尺寸增大,脱离频率减小;液相黏度增大时,作用于气泡的黏性力随之增大,气泡的脱离时间和脱离直径均随之减小,脱离频率增大;接触角从40°增大到180°,气泡的脱离尺寸和脱离时间整体先增大后减小,脱离频率先减小后增大。     

The actuality and progress of whole sky infrared cloud remote sensing techniques

Clouds are crucial regulators of both weather and climate. Properties such as the amount,type,height,distribution and movement of them have an impact on the earth's radiation budget and the hydrological cycle,thus cloud observation is very important. The disadvantages of zenith pointing measuring instruments and whole sky visible imagers limit the application of them.A summary of the actuality and application of ground-based whole sky infrared cloud measuring instruments and analyses of the techniques of radiometric calibrations,removal of atmospheric emission and calculation of cloud cover,amount,type are conducted to promote the automatically observation of the whole sky. Fully considering whole sky infrared cloud sounding theories,techniques and applications,there are still a lot of studies on improving the properties of instruments,enhancing the techniques of cloud base height measurements and establishing instrumental cloud classification criterion before actual operations.     

大尺度构件重载高精加工机器人本体设计与性能提升关键技术

基于典型大尺度构件的移动机器人化加工需求背景与发展现状的总结与分析,提出了大工作空间、高刚度、高精度、重载、轻量化、高动态响应、大负载自重比的大尺度构件加工机器人本体的基本性能要求。围绕上述基本性能要求,从机器人本体构型与机构优化设计,高性能加工机器人专用控制器与加工机器人操作系统开发,加工机器人运动学参数动态标定及位姿误差实时预测与动态补偿,刚柔耦合多体动力学建模,机器人动力学控制及主动振动控制等方面,论证了重载高精度加工机器人本体的优化设计及机器人性能提升方法,并完成了大尺度构件加工机器人本体构型与机构的概念设计。大尺度构件加工机器人本体的创新设计与研制,可为航空航天等领域的典型大尺度构件提供高性能的超柔性机器人化加工系统,并有助于推动国产工业机器人关键性能的提升。     

微波滤波器的装调融合建模与反演

微波滤波器作为关键的选频装置,在设计制造周期中存在一些突出问题,如设计制造周期数据割裂以及数据缺乏有效利用,从而导致设计制造阶段脱节,降低了设计制造迭代效率。文中提出了一种微波滤波器装调融合建模与反演方法,根据滤波器的设计信息、制造数据以及滤波器机理采用自顶向下的方式构建滤波器知识图谱,利用知识图谱对微波滤波器的数据与机理进行规范化存储;利用机理数据融合建模的方法构建微波滤波器正向演进模型;基于正向演进模型,结合渐进空间映射算法,构建微波滤波器快速装调反演模型。演进与反演实验结果表明,预测电性能与实际电性能基本重合,故障滤波器通过两次装调即可满足设计指标。该方法能够实现微波滤波器设计制造数据的有效关联、微波滤波器性能演进的有效预测以及快速装调反演,提高了设计制造周期数据的利用率,增强了滤波器设计与制造的协同。     

XPN-FMS: A CAD tool for FMS modeling, analysis, animation, and simulation using Petri nets and X window

We propose a CAD tool, XPN-FMS, which is primarily based on a unique Petri net (PN) synthesis method, called the knitting technique, developed by the authors. Petri net theory has been applied to specification, validation, performance analysis, control code generation, and simulation for manufacturing systems. The analysis of flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) based on PNs suffers from the complexity problem of reachability analysis (Peterson, 1981). CAD tools are urgently needed. There is no existing CAD tool for FMSs as comprehensive as XPN-FMS, in the sense that the latter integrates the functions of drawing, analysis, reduction (Chao and Wang, 1992; Murata and Koh, 1980), synthesis, property queries, and animation of FMS operations in one software package. Using the X window graphical interface and animation, XPN-FMS makes the modeling and analysis of an FMS visualizable and easy to understand and manipulate. It lets a user draw the factory layout of an FMS on the screen of a monitor using the supplied tools. A corresponding PN model can also be drawn on the monitor screen. XPN-FMS can animate and simulate the overall operating process of the FMS. It is useful for FMS specification, validation, and exploration of different design alternatives, status monitoring, and control. Using XPN-FMS with various inputs and comparing the resulting outputs, the user can determine how to improve efficiency, reduce cost, and pinpoint bottlenecks. For the PN models of FMSs that are decision free, we extend the theory and algorithm of a unique matrix-based method (Chao and Wang, 1993b) to search for subcritical loops (including types A and B) and to support scheduling and dealing with transition periods. XPN-FMS implements this extended method to find the minimum cycle time, critical loop, subcritical loops, next critical loop, and scheduling ranges to avoid the transient period for static scheduling. This is implemented in XPN-FMS for the input sequence control.This project is partially funded by NJIT's Separately Budgeted Research Program. Portions of this article were presented in Chao, Chen, Wang, and Zhou (1992),Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Chicago, Illinois, October 1992. The former name of the first author, which has appeared in some of his earlier publications, was Yuh Yaw.     

一种新型弱耦合三平移并联机器人机构及其运动学分析

提出一种弱耦合2RRPaR+PPaP三平移操作机器人机构,分析了机构的自由度及拓扑结构特征;推导了机构的正逆解方程以及速度、加速度模型,根据速度雅可比矩阵,分析了机构的奇异位置;根据机构的逆解方程和主要约束,采用三维极坐标边界搜索法绘制了机构的工作空间三维实体图和截面图;由ADAMS三维模型仿真和运动正解方程计算所得的位移、速度、加速度曲线基本一致,验证了运动方程的正确性。该机构解耦性好、结构简单、运动灵活,在纵向移动方向上具有部分解耦和工作空间大的优点,适合用作生产线自动操作手机构。     

Contribution of high-resolution correlative imaging techniques in the study of the liver sieve in three-dimensions

Correlative microscopy has become increasingly important for the analysis of the structure, function, and dynamics of cells. This is largely due to the result of recent advances in light-, probe-, laser- and various electron microscopy techniques that facilitate three-dimensional studies. Furthermore, the improved understanding in the past decade of imaging cell compartments in the third dimension has resulted largely from the availability of powerful computers, fast high-resolution CCD cameras, specifically developed imaging analysis software, and various probes designed for labeling living and or fixed cells. In this paper, we review different correlative high-resolution imaging methodologies and how these microscopy techniques facilitated the accumulation of new insights in the morpho-functional and structural organization of the hepatic sieve. Various aspects of hepatic endothelial fenestrae regarding their structure, origin, dynamics, and formation will be explored throughout this paper by comparing the results of confocal laser scanning-, correlative fluorescence and scanning electron-, atomic force-, and whole-mount electron microscopy. Furthermore, the recent advances of vitrifying cells with the vitrobot in combination with the glove box for the preparation of cells for cryo-electron microscopic investigation will be discussed. Finally, the first transmission electron tomography data of the liver sieve in three-dimensions are presented. The obtained data unambiguously show the involvement of special domains in the de novo formation and disappearance of hepatic fenestrae, and focuses future research into the (supra)molecular structure of the fenestrae-forming center, defenestration center and fenestrae-, and sieve plate cytoskeleton ring by using advanced cryo-electron tomography.     

Histochemical and ultrahistochemical localization of heavy metals in calf organs

Cadmium, zinc, selenium, and copper were administered, singly or in combination, orally or subcutaneously. Experiment I included 32 calves of both sexes; six received Cd (two groups), Zn, Cd, and Zn, and Cd and Se (two groups) and one group was a control. In Experiment II (21 bulls), three were given Cd, Cd, and Cu, and Cd and Zn, respectively, and one group was a control. For light microscopy, in Experiment I the highest amounts of silver granules were present in the samples of liver, small intestine, and vesicular gland of all the exposed groups; in Experiment II the most affected organs were liver, kidney, and small intestine. For electron microscopy, in Experiment I, after administration of Cd and Zn, the highest amounts of granules were seen in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and the lowest amounts were found in glandular cells of the pancreas. Administration of Cd and Se resulted in the presence of large numbers of granules in the nuclei and nucleoli of spermatogonies. In Experiment II, ingestion of Cd and Zn in feed led to the appearance of highest amounts of granules in the nucleoli, nuclei, and cytoplasm of cells in testes, kidneys, and pancreas. Following Cd intake, the highest accumulation of granules was observed in the nucleoli of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules. Combined Cd and Cu produced the highest number of granules in cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and in the nucleoli and nuclei of germinal epithelium.     

振动子结构综合与修正方法研究综述

在大型复杂的结构设计过程中,子结构综合与修正方法由于其快速、动态、综合等特点越来越广泛地应用于现代结构设计之中,以完善子结构综合与修正方法知识参考、引起国内学者关注该技术研究为目的,阐述了振动子结构与系统之间的综合与修正方法。在子结构综合方法中,主要对比分析了模态缩减与综合、频域JETMUNDSEN、REN、机械阻抗导纳法综合法、频响函数奇异值分解降噪法、子系统转角自由度刚柔等效及转换方法的原理及应用,评述了上述方法的优点与不足,就尚未解决的问题作了进一步探讨;在子结构修正方法中,对比分析了多重参考基准修正法、目标函数动态修正法、参数型修正、神经网络型修正、灵敏度修正、频响函数修正等方法的应用,总结了模型修正方法中存在的一些问题。最后,提出了振动子结构综合及修正方法的研究趋势。