源在曲面上的NURBS-UTD方法的爬行波射线寻迹算法研究

辐射源位于凸曲面上的一致性几何绕射理论(UTD)在分析设计电大尺寸平台上天线的应用广泛,本文给出了一种源点位于任意光滑凸曲面上的UTD爬行波射线寻迹算法,使用数值的微分几何方法对暗区爬行波射线进行寻迹.对目标模型引入非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面进行建模,这使得UTD方法可以应用于以往板、柱、锥模型以外的任意光滑曲面模型.本文算法可应用于任意曲面上,数值结果表明了本文算法的有效性及工程适用性.     

光滑曲面上测地线射线寻迹算法及爬行波计算

提出了一种光滑凸曲面上的一致性几何绕射理论(UTD)爬行波射线寻迹算法,该算法结合泰勒级数,并根据测地线的相关性质,使用计算几何方法对暗区爬行波射线进行寻迹;在参数曲面片上根据测地线性质求解爬行波轨迹点,并对爬行波在任意一点处的测地曲率进行计算,结果准确度高。最后使用该算法结合UTD方法计算二维圆柱的散射场,得到的结果与级数解吻合,验证了本文算法的有效性,扩展了UTD方法在实际工程中的应用。     

复杂散射环境中MoM与UTD混合方法的PO扩展

本文提出利用物理光学PO可扩展MoM UTD的应用范围 .理论和数值结果表明 ,PO电流的引入抛开了MoM UTD混合中的镜像原则 ,使散射体扩展到任意复杂面 ,以及很好地解决了线天线距离弯曲曲面较近的情况下UTD技术的缺陷 .另外 ,本文指出适当比例的PO区域仍可以较准确地求解MoM区域的电流和阻抗特性 ,使得本文方法变得简单有效 ;这为快速有效地分析复杂电大目标的电磁兼容问题提出了一条新的切实可行的途径     

并行FDTD-UTD方法分析机载相控阵天线

利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)-UTD(一致性几何绕射理论)混和算法分析机载相控阵天线的辐射方向图.将复矢量场作为FDTD方法和UTD方法的接口,提出FDTD-UTD混和算法解决机载相控阵天线辐射问题.首先利用并行FDTD方法通过全波分析得到精确的相控阵的辐射复矢量场,然后将此结果作为源代入UTD算法来预测相控阵受机体的影响.结果表明该方法可以有效地解决机裁相控阵辐射分析问题.     

并行UTD算法及在机载天线分析中的应用

要实现对复杂环境的EMC分析,最大的障碍是计算量过大,耗时太长.本文提出MPI结合UTD的并行算法,实现了大型复杂飞行器机载天线的方向图特性分析.数值结果表明,并行UTD算法可以大大节省计算时间.这一方法为在小型机系统下实现大型EMC分析软件提供了坚实的基础.     

应用NURBS-UTD方法分析受扰方向图

 本文研究基于任意曲面建模的UTD方法,引入NURBS曲面建模技术对电大尺寸目标建模,给出了NURBS-UTD方法中反射射线场以及表面绕射射线场的数值求解方法。与曲面有关的具体参数,根据微分几何的基本原理结合参数曲面定义使用各种数值方法进行处理,对线积分使用定义展开。针对实际当中任意几何造型的电大尺寸平台的电磁特性分析,本文方法不仅能够处理初等解析曲面,也能够处理任意弯曲的曲面模型,并且不需要消耗大量计算资源又提高了建模精度,文中给出实例进行说明。     

UTD结合MM计算复杂环境中天线的方向图

一致性几何绕射理论(UTD)算法中,天线被等效为一个源点;UTD方法需要根据天线的指向,得到反射点(绕射点)处的入射场,从而得到场点处的反射场(绕射场).然而,对于某些形状复杂的大型天线(比如八木天线),将天线中任何一点作为天线的源点都不合适,将任何一个方向作为天线的指向也都不合适.因此,可用矩量法(MM)计算天线的电流,每一小段电流等效为一个电流元,中心点等效为UTD算法中的源点.这样,该电流元在反射点(绕射点)的辐射场就很容易得到.将此辐射场作为UTD的入射场,就可以计算每个电流元在场点处的场.所有场点的场叠加、归一,即可得到天线的方向图.     

基于RX算法的高光谱红外弱小目标检测

主要针对高光谱红外图像中弱小目标的检测方法进行研究,根据目标检测的RX算法模型,给出了算法在高光谱目标检测中的性能评价,分析了检测器像元数、光谱波段数对算法性能的影响,在RX算法及相关改进算法的基础上,通过对AVIRIS数据的仿真实验,分析了相关矩阵在高光谱目标检测中算法的应用优势,提出了一种目标自动检测方法,验证了UTD算法对有特定波段依赖性的小目标有良好检测效果.理论分析和仿真实验证明了RX算法在红外高光谱目标自动检测中的有效性.     

一种任意维空域最小二乘算法的硬件实现方法

在自适应滤波算法中,空域递推最小二乘(RLS)算法以其较快的收敛速度以及能计算出精确的最佳滤波器系数等优势得到了广泛的运用。但是由于该算法较为复杂,计算量大,因此硬件实现时耗费资源多,难度大。提出了一种任意维空域递推最小二乘算法的FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)实现的方法,该方法可以在硬件结构中使用较少的乘法器和寄存器进行任意维空域递推最小二乘运算,从而解决维数变多后资源不够用的问题。     

有限长金属圆锥柱侧微带天线辐射特性计算

本文应用一致性几何绕射理论(UTD),导出了有限长金属圆锥柱侧微带天线三维辐射场和增益的计算公式.这些公式同样适用于有限长金属圆柱和圆锥.应用上述公式计算了锥侧微带天线及其排阵的任意平面方向图和增益,并与实测结果进行了比较.两者吻合良好.     

双三次B样条曲面片拟合技术在散射场计算中的应用

在复杂外形的电大尺寸目标的电磁散射特性计算中，由于一致性几何绕射理论的本身特点所局限，直接计算必然会带来很大的误差。     

Electromagnetic scattering from appendages on a smooth surface

A solution is obtained for the high frequency backscattered far field from appendages such as an inlet mounted on arbitrary smooth surfaces. The goal here is twofold; first, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) in computing the scattered fields from such complex targets, and second, to develop iterative techniques to find multiply diffracted ray paths to be used in the application of UTD. These techniques are applicable to numerically as well as analytically defined surfaces.     

Efficient Analysis of Aperture Antennas on Generally Shaped Convex Multilayered Surfaces Using a Hybrid SD-UTD Method

A novel hybrid method is described for analyzing convex multilayered conformal array antennas. The hybrid method is based on the spectral domain approach in combination with the ray-based uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) method. The analysis is divided in two parts. First, the spectral domain approach is accelerated by using an asymptotic extraction technique where the extracted term of the Green's function is calculated using UTD. It is shown that this new approach results in significant acceleration of the existing spectral domain algorithm without losing accuracy. The modified spectral domain method is then used in the second part where generally shaped convex multilayered surfaces are analyzed by using sets of canonically shaped surfaces (spheres and/or circular cylinders). Their radii are obtained using the UTD formulation, which contains important information such as distance and curvature of the generally shaped surface along each geodesic. The results obtained using the new algorithm are compared to the available results (calculated and measured) for different conformal antennas, showing very good agreement.      

Analysis of antennas on board arbitrary structures modeled by NURBSsurfaces

An accurate and efficient numerical scheme has been developed for predicting high-frequency radiation patterns of antennas mounted on arbitrary structures modeled by parametric surfaces. The method is based on geometric optics (GO) and the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD). Nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS) surfaces have been used to describe the geometry of the structure. As most of the computer-aided geometric design (CAGD) tools available in the industry are biased on NURBS, the scheme can perform the electromagnetic analysis without any new or additional remeshing of the geometrical model. A special ray-tracing technique that combines GO and UTD with NURBS has been developed. This technique uses some selective criteria in order to identify rapidly the NURBS where a ray impact may occur. Impact point coordinates are obtained by means of an optimization procedure based on the conjugate gradient method (CGM). The accuracy and efficiency of the approach are shown comparing it with other methods     

Surface-ray tracing on hybrid surfaces of revolution for UTD mutualcoupling analysis

An angle invariance property based on Hertz's principle of particle dynamics is employed to facilitate the surface-ray tracing on nondevelopable hybrid quadric surfaces of revolution (h-QUASOR's). This property, when used in conjunction with a geodesic constant method, yields analytical expressions for all the ray-parameters required in the UTD formulation. Differential geometrical considerations require that some of the ray-parameters (defined heuristically in the UTD for the canonical convex surfaces) be modified before the UTD can be applied to such hybrid surfaces. Mutual coupling results for finite-dimensional slots have been presented as an example on a satellite launch vehicle modeled by general paraboloid of revolution and right circular cylinder     

Fully Coupled Hybrid FEM-UTD Method Using NURBS for the Analysis of Radiation Problems

A novel hybrid finite element method (FEM) -uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) method for the analysis of radiating structures in the presence of electrically large objects is presented. The hybridization is done in a fully coupled way taking into account mutual interactions between the FEM and UTD regions. The UTD objects are modeled using non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces. Ray acceleration techniques and simple clustering strategies are used to speed up the computation time. Numerical results are presented showing the validity of the method.     

A study of a monopole arbitrarily located on a disk using hybrid MM/GTD techniques

The input impedance of a monopole located off-axis on a disk and oriented in an arbitrary direction is investigated using hybrid method of moments/geometrical theory of diffraction (MM/GTD) techniques. The equivalent currents method (ECM) and the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) are used to ensure a proper treatment of each situation. A criterion for switching from UTD to ECM in the vicinity of the axial caustic is discussed. Measurements of impedance have been made in order to check the numerical results and are presented here, showing good agreement with theory.