一种运动模糊图像的模糊参数估计方法

在摄取图像的过程中,物体间的高速运动及景物与成像设备的相对运动是引发图像退化的主要原因之一,称之为运动模糊。模糊长度和模糊方向是运动模糊中影响图像模糊程度的主要参数。提出了一种改进的误差参数分析方法,对模糊长度进行估计并比较了不同的复原方法对参数误差曲线法估计的效果,同时提出运用傅里叶分解和Hough变换从模糊图像的频谱特性上对运动模糊方向进行了估计。实验结果表明,所提出的方法对运动模糊图像的复原有良好的效果。     

Synthetic Shutter Speed Imaging

Hand held long exposures often result in blurred photographs due to camera shake. Long exposures are desirable both for artistic effect and in low-light situations. We propose a novel method for digitally reducing imaging artifacts, which does not require additional hardware such as tripods or optical image stabilization lenses. A series of photographs is acquired with short shutter times, stabilized using image alignment, and then composited. Our method is capable of reducing noise and blurring due to camera shake, while simultaneously preserving the desirable effects of motion blur. The resulting images are very similar to those obtained using a tripod and a true extended exposure.     

Shape from Sharp and Motion-Blurred Image Pair

Motion blur due to camera shake is a common occurrence. During image capture, the apparent motion of a scene point in the image plane varies according to both camera motion and scene structure. Our objective is to infer the camera motion and the depth map of static scenes using motion blur as a cue. To this end, we use an unblurred–blurred image pair. Initially, we develop a technique to estimate the transformation spread function (TSF) which symbolizes the camera shake. This technique uses blur kernels estimated at different points across the image. Based on the estimated TSF, we recover the complete depth map of the scene within a regularization framework.     

自适应色彩矫正图像增强算法仿真研究

研究图像增强优化问题,由于大量的图像由于拍照抖动产生噪声,造成图像模糊问题,而传统的去除图像运动模糊的算法,具有计算复杂度过高和特定的假设条件的局限,为了改善图像视觉效果,提出了一种改进的计算量小的自适应矫正图像增强算法,利用模糊图像作为参考,对欠曝光图像进行非线性自适应色调矫正。首先利用非线性函数对不同通道颜色进行调节,然后使用自适应方法对亮度进行矫正仿真,得到最终清晰图像。仿真结果表明改算法可以有效增强图像,改善了图像的质量,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

基于广义规范化稀疏模型的图像盲去模糊算法

针对基于规范化稀疏先验的图像盲去模糊方法估计精度低、计算速度慢、参数选择敏感等问题,提出一种Tikhonov正则增强的广义规范化稀疏模型,且将其作为中间清晰图像和运动模糊核的共同先验约束。随后,利用算子分裂、交替方向乘子法以及快速傅立叶变换,最小化关于中间清晰图像与运动模糊核的目标函数,导出一种快速图像盲去模糊算法。在标准测试集以及实际彩色模糊图像上的实验结果验证了提出方法的有效性和鲁棒性。此外,在同等条件下与近期文献中的盲去模糊方法进行比较,显示了本文方法在估计精度和估计效率上的双重优势。     

传播波方程与运动模糊图像恢复

首选讨论水平方向匀速直线运动所导致的图像模糊的去除,包括运动方向和位移量的探测和原始图像的递推求取,然后推广到任意方向的匀速直线运动上.实验结果表明这样的空间域处理可以避免传统的频率域处理中必有的振铃效应和迭代求解的高计算量.     

Training-free referenceless camera image blur assessment via hypercomplex singular value decomposition

Blur plays an important role in the perception of camera image quality. Generally, blur leads to attenuation of high frequency information and accordingly changes the image energy. Quaternion describes the color information as a whole. Recent researches in quaternion singular value decomposition show that the singular values and singular vectors of the quaternion can capture the distortion of color images, and thus we reasonably suppose that singular values can be utilized to evaluate the sharpness of camera images. Motivated by this, a novel training-free blind quality assessment method considering the integral color information and singular values of the distorted image is proposed to evaluate the sharpness of camera images. The blurred camera image is first converted to LAB color space and divided into blocks. Then pure quaternion is utilized to represent pixels of the blurred camera image and the energy of every block are obtained. Inspired by the human visual system appears to assess image sharpness based on the sharpest region of the image, the local sharpness normalized energy is defined as the sharpness score of the blurred camera image. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed metric compared with popular sharpness image quality metrics.

     

基于Gaussian-Hermite矩的旋转运动模糊不变量

目的 模糊图像的分析与识别是图像分析与识别领域的重要方向。有些图像形成过程中成像系统与物体之间存在相对旋转运动,如因导弹高速自旋转造成的制导图像的旋转运动模糊。大多数对于这类图像的识别都需要先对模糊图像进行“去模糊”的预处理,且该类方法存在计算时间复杂度较高及不适定的问题。对此,提出一种直接提取旋转运动模糊图像中的不变特征,用于旋转运动模糊图像目标检索和识别。方法 本文以旋转运动模糊的退化模型为出发点,提出了旋转运动模糊Gaussian-Hermite (GH)矩,构造了一组由5个对旋转变换和旋转运动模糊保持不变性的GH矩不变量组成的特征向量(rotational motion blur Gaussian-Hermite moment invariants,RMB_GHMI-5),可从旋转变换和旋转运动模糊的图像中直接进行目标检索和识别,无需前置复杂的“去模糊”预处理过程。结果 在USC-SIPI (University of Southern California — Signal and Image Processing Institute)数据集上进行不变性实验,对原图进行不同程度的旋转变换叠加旋转运动模糊处理,证明RMB_GHMI-5对于旋转变换和旋转运动模糊具有良好的稳定性和不变性。在两个数据集上与同类4种方法进行图像检索实验比较,在80%召回率下,本文方法维数更少,相比性能第2的特征向量,在Flavia数据集中,高斯噪声、椒盐噪声、泊松噪声和乘性噪声干扰下的准确率分别提高25.89%、39.95%、22.79%和35.80%;在Butterfly Image数据集中,高斯噪声、椒盐噪声、泊松噪声和乘性噪声干扰下的准确率分别提高4.79、7.63%、5.65%和18.31%。同时,在上述8个测试数据集中进行对比实验以验证融合算法的有效性,结果表明本文提出的GH矩和几何矩相融合算法显著改善了图像检索效果。结论 本文提出的RMB_GHMI-5特征向量在旋转变换和旋转运动模糊下具有良好的不变性与稳定性,在图像检索抗噪性能方面表现优异。相比同类方法,本文方法更具实际应用价值。     

A Stochastic Approach for Blurred Image Restoration and Optical Flow Computation on Field Image Sequence

The blur in target images caused by camera vibration due to robot motion or hand shaking and by object(s) moving in the background scene is different to deal with in the computer vision system.In this paper,the authors study the relation model between motion and blur in the case of object motion existing in video image sequence,and work on a practical computation algorithm for both motion analysis and blut image restoration.Combining the general optical flow and stochastic process,the paper presents and approach by which the motion velocity can be calculated from blurred images.On the other hand,the blurred image can also be restored using the obtained motion information.For solving a problem with small motion limitation on the general optical flow computation,a multiresolution optical flow algoritm based on MAP estimation is proposed. For restoring the blurred image ,an iteration algorithm and the obtained motion velocity are used.The experiment shows that the proposed approach for both motion velocity computation and blurred image restoration works well.     

处理异常值的相机抖动模糊图像复原

摘 要：目的：在曝光过程中由于相机抖动而导致的图像模糊,是一种常见的图像降质现象,并且模糊图像中存在的异常值会导致复原结果的振铃效应,为了解决这些问题,本文提出一种处理异常值的相机抖动模糊图像复原算法。方法：该算法以自然图像统计为先验模型,结合变分贝叶斯方法和KL散度构造易于优化的代价函数,进而求出模糊核。针对异常值造成的振铃效应,在解卷积的过程中采用期望-最大值算法估计并处理异常值以抑制振铃效应。结果：采用本文方法对大量模糊图片进行复原,实验结果表明该方法能有效地去除相机抖动产生的模糊,在保持图像边缘和细节的同时,可有效抑制振铃效应。结论：本文提出了一种通过处理异常值达到抑制振铃效应目的,进而提高复原效果的图像盲复原新方法。实验结果表明该方法切实有效,并且该方法引出了一种抑制振铃效应的新思路。     

Recognition of camera-captured low-quality characters using motion blur information

Camera-based character recognition has gained attention with the growing use of camera-equipped portable devices. One of the most challenging problems in recognizing characters with hand-held cameras is that captured images undergo motion blur due to the vibration of the hand. Since it is difficult to remove the motion blur from small characters via image restoration, we propose a recognition method without de-blurring. The proposed method includes a generative learning method in the training step to simulate blurred images by controlling blur parameters. The method consists of two steps. The first step recognizes the blurred characters based on the subspace method, and the second one reclassifies structurally similar characters using blur parameters estimated from the camera motion. We have experimentally proved that the effective use of motion blur improves the recognition accuracy of camera-captured characters.     

Velocity measurement of pneumatically conveyed particles through digital imaging

A digital imaging based method for measuring the velocity of pneumatically conveyed particles is described in this paper. The measurement system consists of a laser sheet for illumination, a CCD camera for particle image acquisition, and bespoke image processing software. By controlling the exposure time of the camera, blurred images of moving particles are captured, which contain velocity information of the particles. The relationship between the motion blur length and the particle velocity is established using a lens model of the camera. To improve the robustness of the system to noise in the acquired particle images, a traveling wave equation (TWE) method is used to estimate the motion blur length and then deduce the particle velocity. In addition to computer simulations experimental work on a free fall particle flow rig and pneumatically conveying test rig is carried out. The results indicate that the proposed method is feasible for the velocity measurement of pneumatically conveyed particles.     

基于非均匀模糊核的RL改进算法

针对传统均匀模糊模型下的Richardson Lucy（RL）算法存在振铃效应和细节丢失等问题,提出了一种基于非均匀模糊模型下的改进RL算法。基于Yu-Wing的射影运动模糊模型,通过在迭代过程中采用基于局部极值分解的方法提取含有图像结构但无振铃的边缘图像,将模糊图像和上述提取的边缘图像作为输入图像,用添加了局部先验项的RL法对输入图像进行去模糊。实验验证了算法抑制振铃效应的有效性,同时很好地保留了图像细节,表明非均匀模糊模型在相机抖动产生的模糊图像去模糊中更为有效。     

林业运动模糊图像复原的融合正则化方法

林业机器人在林业环境中进行作业时,很容易因为滑动、地面障碍物的碰撞等原因发生小幅的无规律运动导致机器人相机采集的图像发生运动模糊,对后续图像信息提取造成很大的影响。针对这一问题,提出了林业运动模糊图像复原的融合正则化方法。先建立包含[L1/L2]范数正则项的代价函数,求解运动模糊核。再通过图像梯度先验正则项及稀疏正则项构建代价函数,对清晰图像求解。引入的[L1/L2]范数正则项及图像梯度先验正则项对稀疏表示正则项容易产生块效应的问题进行了弥补,因而获得了令人满意的效果。对人工合成的运动模糊图像和自然条件下真实运动模糊图像进行的实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

利用残差密集网络的运动模糊复原方法

针对图像生成过程中由于物体运动或相机抖动产生的运动模糊问题,提出了利用残差密集网络的运动模糊图像复原方法。设计对抗网络结构,以残差密集网络为生成器,通过长短连接实现不同层次特征的融合,生成复原图像,以深度卷积网络为判别器,判断图像真伪,在生成器和判别器的对抗中提高网络性能;采用对抗损失和内容损失结合的损失函数,提高网络的复原效果;以端到端的方式,省略模糊核的估计过程,输入模糊图像直接获取复原图像。实验结果表明,该方法能够取得较好的复原效果。     

Facial deblur inference using subspace analysis for recognition of blurred faces

This paper proposes a novel method for recognizing faces degraded by blur using deblurring of facial images. The main issue is how to infer a Point Spread Function (PSF) representing the process of blur on faces. Inferring a PSF from a single facial image is an ill-posed problem. Our method uses learned prior information derived from a training set of blurred faces to make the problem more tractable. We construct a feature space such that blurred faces degraded by the same PSF are similar to one another. We learn statistical models that represent prior knowledge of predefined PSF sets in this feature space. A query image of unknown blur is compared with each model and the closest one is selected for PSF inference. The query image is deblurred using the PSF corresponding to that model and is thus ready for recognition. Experiments on a large face database (FERET) artificially degraded by focus or motion blur show that our method substantially improves the recognition performance compared to existing methods. We also demonstrate improved performance on real blurred images on the FRGC 1.0 face database. Furthermore, we show and explain how combining the proposed facial deblur inference with the local phase quantization (LPQ) method can further enhance the performance.     

图像运动模糊还原技术综述

图像作为人类信息交流的载体,包含大量信息元素,图像在获取过程中,会因相机抖动、物体位移等原因产生运动模糊,导致图像无法正确传递信息。图像运动模糊还原技术可将此类退化图像修复还原,是当前计算机视觉及图像处理领域的热点。通过模糊核是否已知将图像运动模糊还原方法分为两类,详细阐述了图像运动模糊还原的概念,归纳梳理了近年来图像运动模糊还原技术的方法及研究现状,总结了各方法的优缺点并对经典方法实验结果进行了对比,对模糊核估计及模糊数据集等关键问题进行了分析并对其发展方向给出了建议,最后对图像运动模糊还原技术发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于频谱边缘检测和Radon 变换估计运动模糊图像的方向

为了准确估计运动模糊图像的方向,在理论推导部分,以定积分、Fourier 变换和 Sinc 函数的性质为依据,得出了运动模糊方向、图像尺寸和频谱图像平行条纹方向三者的关系。在算法优化部分,系统分析了Radon 变换法、Gabor 变换法和频谱分块法的原理和不足,并提出了基于频谱边缘检测和Radon 变换的改进算法。在数值实验部分,编写Matlab 程序对几种方法进行了测试和比较,结果表明,该方法的估计精度最高,更适用于估计运动模糊图像的方向。