稀土对两种青铜的铸态组织和某些性能影响的研究

研究了不同稀土对７－１３－４－１铝青铜（无镍高锰铝青铜）产ＺＣｕＰｂ６Ｓｉ３Ｍｎ（含铅硅青铜）的铸态组织、流动性、耐磨性和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明，适量稀土可以细化合金的铸态组织，大大改善合金中铅的偏析；两种合金的标准螺旋形式样长度分别增加１０７－１１２％和４５－８５％，靡损量分别－７０％和３８－５５％，腐蚀量分别减少４０－５０％和３５－５０％；并探讨了出现这种变化规律的原因。     

新型铝青铜Cu-14Al-X的热处理强化

试制了一种含铝量高于铜铝二元合金共析点（11.8wt%）的耐磨铝青铜,研究了合金经过不同热处理后的组织和性能.结果表明,经920 ℃固溶处理及580 ℃时效后的合金具有优良的综合力学性能.合金强化是由于先析出第二相γ2的分布逐渐由连续网状转变为离散状,κ相质点的形状由尖变圆、粗大变得细小,并脱离网状硬脆相γ2的包围,镶嵌于强度和硬度综合性能较佳的β＋α基体相中.     

一种多元铝青铜合金的摩擦磨损特性

用适量Fe、Ni、Mn、Co、Be、Zn元素制备了一种多元铝青铜耐磨合金,用XRD、SEM等对试验合金的铸态和固溶时效状态下的组织进行了观察和比较,并在MMW-1型万能磨损试验机上对合金在干摩擦和油润滑条件下进行了摩擦磨损试验。结果表明,多元铝青铜合金热处理态（960℃×2 h固溶＋520℃×3 h时效）的显微组织由β＇、γ2和κ相组成,其摩擦因数低于铸态,油润滑条件下具有良好的耐磨损性能。     

热处理对新型铝镍青铜组织与性能的影响

采用合金化方法研制了一种新型铝镍青铜模具材料,并利用金相显微镜、XRD、布氏硬度计等研究了热处理对其组织与性能的影响。结果表明,新型铝镍青铜铸态组织主要由α相、β'相、γ_2相和κ相组成,经940℃×2 h固溶+500℃×4 h时效的最佳热处理工艺处理后,合金的硬度为380 HBW,抗拉强度为837 MPa,伸长率为9.3%,热扩散系数为16.6 mm~2/s,表现出优异的综合性能。     

EFFECT OF Cr ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF Ti_3Al＋TiAl ALLOYS

研究了Ｔｉ－４４．９Ａｌ（ａｔ．－％）和Ｔｉ－４４．３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ（ａｔ．－％）合金的铸态组织及其在热处理过程中的变化。结果表明：Ｃｒ增加了Ｔｉ－Ａｌ合金中ＴｉＡｌ（γ）相的含量，促使Ｔｉ３Ａｌ（α２）相由片状变成块状；加速了α２＋γ片状组织的不连续粗化过程，形成了尺寸较小的新生α２＋γ晶。因此，加Ｃｒ和１１５０℃长时热处理是细化α２＋γ两相合金铸态粗晶组织的有效途径；Ｃｒ促进有序体心立方β２相的     

THS－ HL2铜基钎料的研制与应用

随着一种高耐磨耗铝青铜合金在日本等国的开发与应用，由该材料制成的冲压模已经在天津微型汽车厂使用。对此类大型模具的维修，迫切需要一种新型的补焊材料， THS－ HL2铜基钎料的研制与开发便应运而生。它的研制成功，填补了我国此种铜基钎焊料的空白。     

THS—HL2铅基钎料的研制与应用

随着一种高耐磨耗铝青铜合金在日本等国的开发与应用，由该材料制成的冲压模已经在天津微型汽车厂使用。对此类大型模具的维修，迫切需要一种新型的补焊材料，THS－HL2铅基钎料的研制与开发便应运而生。它的研制成功，填补了我国此种铜基钎焊料的空白。     

Ti—Al—W—Zr系合金的相转变和机械性能的关系

研究了两类四元系Ｔｉ－Ａｌ－Ｗ－Ｚｒ合金，一类是含钨量（６％）和含锆量（３％）不变，而铝浓度可变（０～２０％）；二类是锆含量（３％）和铝含量（６％）不变，而钨含量改变（０～２０％）． 采用碘化钛、碘化锆、Ａ９９９铝和Ｔｉ－２５％Ｗ中间合金，用非自耗电弧熔炼后再悬浮熔炼的方法制做了合金铸锭．合金锭在真空石英管中按以下制度进行热处理（均匀化）：１１５０℃、１００ｈ→１１００℃、 １２５ｈ→ １０００℃、１５０ｈ→９００℃、４００ｈ→８００℃，８００ｈ→６５０℃， ２ ５００ｈ→空气．在６００℃退火后（即…     

CuZnAl(RE)形状记忆合金干滑动磨损性能研究

采用不同热处理工艺、不同栽荷、不同磨损时间，对2种成分（不同相变点）的CuZnAl（RE）形状记忆合金进行了干滑动磨损试验，与锡青铜和铝铁青铜做了对比试验，用电子扫描显微镜和x射线衍射仪对磨损表面及合金相组成进行了观察和检测。试验结果表明，晶粒细化与锻打能提高合金的耐磨性，合金的M相比β相耐磨，两级时效处理的合金耐磨性能优于分级淬火处理的合金，CuZnAl（RE）形状记忆合金的耐磨性优于锡青铜和铝铁青铜；CuZnAl（RE）形状记忆合金耐磨的原因主要在于，形状记忆效应和超弹性、应力诱发马氏体相变、晶粒细化等。     

平衡相对8090Al－Li合金力学性能的影响

研究了一种８０９０Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金中平衡相Ｔ２（Ａｌ６ＣｕＬｉ３）和δ（ＡｌＬｉ）数量变化对合金室温力学性能的影响。结果表明，合金经过双级时效（２１０－３００℃，４ｈ＋回复处理＋１６０℃，１００ｈ）后，Ｔ２相的大量析出会使合金的强度有所降低，塑性有一定程度升高，而δ相的大量析出迅速降低合金的强度，大幅度提高塑性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.