等离子体对聚酯纤维的表面改性

应用外部电容耦合式等离子体处理装置，在不同处理条件下，对聚酯纤维进行表面改性。并通过失重、回潮率、扫描电镜和染色试验等方法，研究了处理前后样品表面结构、吸湿性和染色性的变化。结果表明：处理后样品吸湿性有较大提高，约为未处理样品的１．５到２倍。ＰＥＴ纤维经等离子体处理后，对改善分散染料染色没有效果，对酸性和活性染料染色性有明显的改善，约提高２～３级。处理后样品表面刻蚀随功率增大和时间增长而加深。压力对刻蚀作用不大。处理后纤维的强伸度几乎无变化。     

利用低温等离子体对PET工业长丝的表面改性

应用外部电容耦合式低温等离子体处理装置．在不同处理条件下，对PET工业长丝进行表面改性。并通过失重、回潮率和染色实验等方法，研究了处理前后样品的吸湿性、染色性等的变化。结果表明，处理后样品的吸湿性有较大提高，可达到未处理样品的2倍；经处理后的涤纶纤维对分散性染料的染色有一定的改善作用；处理后样品的失重随处理时间的延长而增加，而其强度几乎无变化。     

聚酯纤维的低温等离子体表面改性

探讨了聚酯纤维氩气低温等离子体处理的工作条件及处理后纤维的性能和表面形态。结果表明 ,在本实验条件下 ,聚酯纤维经氩气低温等离子体处理后 ,表面形成刻蚀 ,吸湿性明显提高 ,其力学性能和热性能变化不大     

低温等离子体对涤纶拉伸丝表面改性的研究

应用外部电容耦合式低温等离子体处理装置,在不同处理条件下,对涤纶拉伸丝进行表面改性,并通过失重、回潮率和染色实验等方法,研究了处理前后样品的吸湿性、染色性等的变化.结果表明,处理后样品的吸湿性有较大提高,可达到未处理样品的2.7倍;经处理后的涤纶纤维对分散性染料的上染率有一定的提高;处理后样品的失重随处理时间的延长而增加,而其取向度几乎无变化.     

聚烯烃纤维

<正>TQ 342.620146115熔融纺丝法制备的聚丙烯-纤维素醋酸丁酸酯纤维的染色性能和吸湿性能研究Li Shan…;Advanced Materials Research(DurntenZurich,Switzerland),2012,476-478(Pt.1,New Materials and Processes),p.413(英)将聚丙烯(PP)和纤维素醋酸丁酸酯(CAB)共混,熔融纺丝制备PP-CAB共混纤维,研究纤维的染色性能、吸湿性能和力学性能。实验结果显示,向PP中添加CAB能改善纤维的染色性能和吸湿性能。随着CAB含量的增加,PP纤维的染色性能和     

碱-等离子体处理涤纶织物的时效性研究

将涤纶织物分别进行30,60,90℃的碱处理后再进行等离子体处理,探讨了碱预处理对等离子体处理效果的时效性的影响;测定处理后纤维的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能以及放置过程中的性能变化,并对纤维的微观形态及其表面化学成分进行了表征。结果表明:经碱-等离子体联合处理后,涤纶织物的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能的提高较经单独等离子体处理更显著,且在放置过程中织物性能的衰减较单独等离子体处理减缓;碱预处理使等离子体处理的时效性得到改善。     

低温等离子体技术在纺织品染色中的应用

等离子体处理技术能明显提高处理后织物的染色性能。本文主要简述了等离子体技术的概念、提高纺织品的染色性能的处理方法、原理及其在各种纤维上的应用。从长远看，等离子体处理在纺织品染色中具有广泛的应用潜力。     

常压等离子体改善合成纤维吸湿性的研究

用氦气作为等离子体的气体源、对涤纶、锦纶6、高强度聚乙烯纤维,Twaron 1000芳纶4种合成纤维进行常压等离子体处理,改善纤维的吸湿性能。结果表明:常压等离子体处理,对涤纶和锦纶6的表面有一定的刻蚀作用,但对高强度聚乙烯纤维、Twaron 1000芳纶的表面没有明显影响;经常压等离子体处理后,合成纤维表面氧、氮有所增加,吸湿性能得到提高,强度没有显著变化。     

碱胺同浴碱处理对改性涤纶性能的影响

主要讨论了在一定的碱胺同浴碱处理条件下 ,不同减量率对改性涤纶的力学性能、热性能、吸湿性能以及染色性能的影响。结果表明 :经碱胺同浴碱处理后的改性涤纶具有良好的吸湿性及染色性 ,其力学性及热稳定性变化不大     

空气等离子体处理芳纶纤维及其与天然橡胶/乳聚丁苯橡胶的黏合性能

考察了空气等离子体处理对芳纶纤维表面结构形态的影响,研究了空气等离子体和间苯二酚-甲醛-胶乳(RFL)浸胶处理芳纶纤维与天然橡胶(NR)/乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR)的黏合性能,并对经处理的芳纶纤维与NR/ESBR体系的界面层作了动态力学分析。结果表明,芳纶纤维经空气等离子体处理后,表面粗糙度增大,表面积增加,结晶度减小,但处理功率过大、处理时间过长时,芳纶纤维的表面又变得比较光滑、结晶度又呈增大趋势。随着等离子体处理时间的延长,芳纶纤维与NR/ESBR的黏合性能增强,但处理时间过长时,芳纶纤维与NR/ESBR的黏合性能下降;等离子体处理芳纶纤维经RFL进一步浸胶处理后,芳纶纤维与NR/ESBR的黏合性能大幅度提高。芳纶纤维与NR/ESBR的界面存在介于高模量芳纶纤维和低模量橡胶之间的过渡层。     

Effect of Montmorillonite Clay Nanoparticles on the Properties of Polypropylene Fibres

Polypropylene and nanocomposite polypropylene fibres were successfully prepared via a melt spinning process. The prepared fibres were characterized by TGA and SEM. The results obtained show that the addition of MMT clay in the fibre induces a higher thermal stability. Water absorption and mechanical properties of the fibres were improved by the introduction of MMT clay nanoparticles in the fibre. Dyeing studies underlined the effect of the clay on the dyeability of the fibres which improved the accessibility of the fibre for both acid and disperse dyes. Moreover, it was observed, that polypropylene and nanocomposites polypropylene fibres were satisfactorily dyed with disperse dyes more than with acid dyes.     

Dyeing polypropylene fibres by means of copolymer additives

Ways of improving the dyeability of polypropylene (PP) fibres using copolymer additives have been investigated. The copolymers used consisted of stearyl methacrylate plus one of three additional components that conferred dye sites available for acid or basic dyes, or both. The synthesis and characterisation of these copolymers are described, together with the method used to incorporate them into the PP fibre. Subsequent dyeing tests showed that the copolymer additives improved dyeability on PP. The mechanical properties of the fibre were not greatly affected by the copolymer additives.     

可深染型吸湿排汗聚酯长丝的开发

通过选择添加第三单体聚多元醇P-A,合成了可深染型聚酯(DD-PET).以DD-PET为原料,采用十字形喷丝板,开发生产了具有十字形截面的全拉伸丝(FDY),从而获得了具有深染性、吸湿排汗性良好的纺织品.     

Vinyl graft polymerization-induced modification of some properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric

Polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and acrylic acid (AA)/styrene (St) mixtures with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric to different polymer add-ons was performed. Moisture regain, dyeability, and soiling properties of the modified PET were examined. It was found that introduction of poly(GMA) in PET structure brings about (a) improved moisture regain, (b) enhanced dyeing with disperse dyes, (c) affinity and possible dyeing with acid, direct, and reactive dyes, (d) improved aqueous and nonaqueous oily soil resistance, and (e) decreased ease of soil removal. The magnitude of moisture regain, dyeability, and soiling properties are dependent upon the percent of polymer add-on. Polymerization of MMA with PET improved the dyeability of the latter with the disperse dye as well as its resistance to nonaqueous oily soil while decreasing the resistance to aqueous soiling and ease of both aqueous and nonaqueous soil removal. In the case of PET polymerized with poly(AA/St), there was a considerable enhancement in moisture regain, dyeing with the disperse dye, and resistance to aqueous and non-aqueous oily soiling. On the other hand, both aqueous and nonaqueous soil characteristics of PET were imparted by polymerization of the latter with AA/St mixtures.     

Pilling-Resistant Polyester Fibre

The possibility of chemically modifying polyester using a polyfunctional compound as a modifier is examined. The technology developed was used to set up manufacture of pilling-resistant fibre with characteristics that satisfy consumer requirements. It was found that incorporation of components that do not chemically react with polyester during synthesis increases the pilling resistance and dyeability of the fibre with disperse dyes. The additional use of organic acids in synthesis makes it possible to flexibly regulate the dyeability of the fibre.     

Modification of polyester fabrics by in situ plasma or post-plasma polymerisation of acrylic acid

In order to increase the hydrophilicities, thereby to impart soil resistance and to improve dyeability, poly(ethylene terephatalate) (polyester) fabrics were treated in low-temperature plasmas. Two alternative modifications were applied. Fabrics were directly treated in acrylic acid plasma in one investigation, while in the other they were first treated in argon plasma and then immersed in an aqueous acrylic acid bath. The plasma conditions (i.e. exposure time and discharge power) were changed to control the extent of plasma surface modification in the first approach, while the acrylic acid content and the incubation time were changed in the second procedure. The wettability, and therefore the dyeability and soil repellency, of polyester fabrics was significantly improved by both methods. The second method resulted in better dyeability and soil repellency in contrast to lower surface wettability.     

Developing chromic dyeable PET nanocomposites: The dye absorption and complex formation mechanisms

This research aimed to investigate the possibility of enhancement of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dyeability using nanotechnology. Different kinds of disperse, acidic, and chromic dyes were used for dyeing of produced PET/silver nanocomposite fine multifilament yarns produced at the take up speeds of 3000 m min⁻¹ and their prepared fabrics. Dyeability improved by using acidic dyes. However, the more promotion effect was achieved by chromic dyes. No effect on absorption of disperse dyes revealed that no physical effect can be considered for dye absorption. The electrostatic interaction between silver and acidic dye molecules and forming the coordinative bonds with chromic dye molecules on nanocomposite yarns and fabrics were concluded and thoroughly discussed. Applying chromic dye with the more potential of creating coordinative bonds intensified the improvement of dyeability. Optimized silver ratio for the dyeability enhancement was affected by the mechanisms of dye absorptions discussed and proven by investigating dye concentrations in the effluent baths after the dyeing processes. It has been found that the steric hindrance is the key factor for absorption of chromic dyes; however, it is different in the case of acidic dyes, well discussed according to the dye absorptions mechanisms. The results can be also considered as evidence to prove forming the coordinative bonds with chromic dye molecules. This has also been confirmed by appearing a bathochromic shift in the absorption peaks by increasing dyeability using chromic dye. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Modifications of Textiles by Glow-discharge Reactions

Glow-discharge polymerisation of acrylic acid, allyl alcohol, vinyl fluoride, 1,1-difluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene on to textile fabrics results in interesting modifications of their properties, including improved antisoil and soil-release properties of Terylene and nylon 6.6, improved water repellency of Terylene and cotton, and improved dyeability of Terylene with basic dyes. The resistance to soiling of Terylene is markedly improved by a very short treatment in an argon glow discharge; possible mechanisms are outlined. Prolonged exposure of Terylene to an argon glow discharge results in an unusual ‘sea-shore’ structure running perpendicular to the fibre axis.     

Comparative study of the structure and properties of wool treated by a chicken‐feather keratin agent,plasma, and their combination

Wool was treated by a chicken‐feather keratin agent, plasma, and their combination. These treated wools were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The performance properties, such as the antifelting performance, wettability, and dyeability, of these treated fibers were tested. The results show that the antifelting performance, wettability, and dyeability of the wool modified by plasma combined with the chicken‐feather keratin were improved. This joint treatment technology is an environmentally friendly green ecological finishing technique. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Compounding fibre grade polyethylene terephthalate with a hyperbranched additive and studying its dyeability with a disperse dye

A hyperbranched polymer which comprised a polyesteramide structure was used to study improvements in dyeability of fibre grade polyethylene terephthalate films. The optical measurements of the dyed samples showed that, by increasing the percentages of the dendritic additive, K/S as a dye uptake parameter changed in the presence or absence of a carrier. The amount of chroma increased while the hue did not change significantly. The dyeability of the prepared samples was attributed to the decrease in glass transition temperature and the lower crystallinity of the polymer, as studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Thus, a new fibre grade polyethylene terephthalate, which is dyeable, could be obtained, with less need to use a toxic carrier compound.